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Batagur kachuga (GRAY, 1831)

IUCN Red List - Batagur kachuga - Critically Endangered, CR
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Higher TaxaGeoemydidae (Geoemydinae), Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Red-crowned Roofed Turtle, Painted Roofed Turtle
G: Bengalische Flussschildkröte 
SynonymEmys kachuga GRAY 1831: plate 74
Emys lineata GRAY 1831
Emys Lineata — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 335
Batagur ellioti GRAY 1862
Batagur ellioti — GRAY 1863: 75
Batagur lineata — THEOBALD 1868: 16
Kachuga fusca GRAY 1870
Batagur ellioti — ANDERSON 1871: 154
Kachuga lineata — BOULENGER 1889
Kachuga kachuga — SMITH 1931
Kachuga kachuga — SWAN & LEVITON 1962: 109
Kachuga kachuga — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 162
Kachuga kachuga — DAS 1996: 38
Batagur kachuga — LE et al. 2007
Kachuga kachuga — ROHILLA & TIWARI 2008
Kachuga kachuga — MURTHY 2010: 23
Kachuga kachuga — LENZ 2012
Batagur kachuga — TTWG 2021 
DistributionC Nepal,
NE India (Himachal Pradesh), Bangladesh, (primarily in the watershed of the Ganges River)
probably NW Myanmar (= Burma)

Type locality: "India"; restricted by Smith 1931:131, to "N. India."  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: unknown (fide KING & BURKE 1989)
Holotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.68 (55.12.17.15) [ellioti] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (1813 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: partly after RHODIN et al. 2010.

Distribution: possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012 and references therein).

Habitat: freshwater (Rivers and tributaries, estuaries) 
References
  • Anderson, J. 1871. On some Indian reptiles. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1871: 149-211 - get paper here
  • Basu, Dhruvajyoti; Andrew, Harry V.; Singh, Suresh Pal; Singh, Renu; Devi, Kundhave; Mundoli, Seema 2006. First captive breeding record of the Indian painted roofed turtle, Kachuga kachuga. Herpinstance 3(2):7-9.
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Das, I. et al. 2008. Tortoises and Freshwater Turtles of India. WWF/WII poster
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p. - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Gray, J. E. 1831. Illustrations of Indian Zoology: chiefly selected from the collection of Major General Hardwicke. Vol. 1, London (1830-1835) - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1862. Notice of two new species of Batagur in the collection of the British Museum. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1862: 264-265. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1863. Notice of two new species of Batagur in the collection of the British Museum. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 12: 74-75 - get paper here
  • Kästle , W., Rai, K. & Schleich, H.H. 2013. FIELD GUIDE to Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. ARCO-Nepal e.V., 625 pp. - get paper here
  • Le, Minh; William P. McCord and John B. Iverson 2007. On the paraphyly of the genus Kachuga (Testudines: Geoemydidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 45: 398-404 - get paper here
  • Lenz, Norbert 2012. Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen - Natur und Kultur in Bhutan. Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe, 124 pp.
  • Moll, E.O. 1986. Survey of the freshwater turtles of India. The genus Kachuga. [2 parts]. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 83 (3): 538-552 - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • PRASCHAG, PETER; ROHAN HOLLOWAY, ARTHUR GEORGES, MARTIN PÄCKERT, ANNA K. HUNDSDÖRFER & UWE FRITZ 2009. A new subspecies of Batagur affinis (Cantor, 1847), one of the world’s most critically endangered chelonians (Testudines: Geoemydidae). Zootaxa 2233: 57-68 - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, J., DAS, I., Sengupta, S. 2015. Freshwater Turtles & Tortoises of South Asia. Bhabani Books, 138 pp. - get paper here
  • Rohilla, Manoj S.; Tiwari, Pramod K. 2008. Restriction fragment length polymorphism of mitochondrial DNA and phylogenetic relationships among five species of Indian freshwater turtles. Journal of Applied Genetics 49(2):167-182 - get paper here
  • Saikia, U.; Sharma, D.K. & Sharma, R.M. 2007. Checklist of the Reptilian fauna of Himachal Pradesh, India. Reptile Rap (8): 6-9 - get paper here
  • Sirsi, Shashwat; Shailendra Singh, Ashutosh Tripathi, Shawn F. McCracken, Michael R.J. Forstner, and Brian D. Horne 2017. Variation in Reproductive Output of the Red-crowned Roofed Turtle (Batagur kachuga) and the Three-striped Roofed Turtle (Batagur dhongoka) in the Chambal River of North India. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2017, Vol. 16, No. 2: 203-214. - get paper here
  • Smith, Malcolm A. 1931. The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia Volume I.—Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis, London, 185 pp. - get paper here
  • Swan, L.W., & Leviton, A.E. 1962. The herpetology of Nepal: a history, check list, and zoogeographical analysis of the herpetofauna. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 32 (6) (4.s.): 103-147. - get paper here
  • Theobald, William 1868. Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 10: 4-67. - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Vetter, H. & P.P van Dijk 2006. Turtles of the world, Vol. 4: East and South Asia. Edition Chimaira, Terralog 4, 160 pp. - get paper here
  • Zug, G.R. & Mitchell, J.C. 1995. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Royal Chitwan National Park, Nepal. Asiatic Herpetological Research 6: 172-180 - get paper here
 
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