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Bitis cornuta (DAUDIN, 1803)

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Viperinae, Serpentes (snakes) 
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Many-horned Adder
G: Büschelbrauenotter 
SynonymVipera cornuta DAUDIN 1803: 188
Vipera lophophris CUVIER 1829: 92
Vipera lophophrys — WAGLER 1830: 178
Cerastes cornuta — GRAY 1842: 70
Clotho cornuta — GRAY 1849: 27
Cerastes lophophrys — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1854: 1444
Bitis cornuta — BOULENGER 1896: 497
Cobra cornuta — MERTENS 1937
Bitis cornuta cornuta — BOGERT 1940: 102
Bitis cornuta cornuta — WELCH 1994: 27
Bitis (Calechidna) cornuta — LENK et al. 1999
Bitis cornuta — BRANCH 1999
Bitis cornuta — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 361
Bitis cornuta — DOBIEY & VOGEL 2007 
DistributionRepublic of South Africa, Namibia

cornuta: W Cape Province north along the est coast into S Namibia as far noth as Moeb Bay.

Type locality: Cape of Good Hope. Map legend:
TDWG region - Region according to the TDWG standard, not a precise distribution map.

NOTE: TDWG regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and this does not always work properly. We are working on it.
 
TypesTypes: Based on pI. 15 [facing page 120] in Paterson, 1790 [see discussion in McDiarmid et al. 1999] 
CommentVenomous! Bitis cornuta inornata and Bitis cornuta albanica have been elevated to species status. Synonymy after BRANCH 1999. 
References
  • Baard, E.H.W.; Scott, A. 1990. Geographical Distribution - Bitis cornuta cornuta Jour. Herp. Ass. Afr. (37): 56-56 - get paper here
  • Bauer, A.M., and Branch, W.R. 2003. The herpetofauna of the Richtersveld National Park, Northern Cape Province, Republic of South Africa. Herpetological Natural History 8: 111-160 [2001]
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1896. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum, Vol. 3. London (Taylor & Francis), xiv + 727 pp. - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • Branch,W.R. 1999. Dwarf adders of the Bitis cornuta-inornata complex (Serptentes: Viperidae) in Southern Africa. Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 39-63
  • Cuvier, G. J. L. N. F. D. 1829. Le Regne Animal Distribué, d'apres son Organisation, pur servir de base à l'Histoire naturelle des Animaux et d'introduction à l'Anatomie Comparé. Nouvelle Edition [second edition]. Vol. 2. Les Reptiles. Déterville, Paris, i-xvi, 1-406
  • Daudin, F. M. 1803. Histoire Naturelle Generale et Particuliere des Reptiles. Vol. 6. F. Dufart, Paris.
  • Dobiey, M. & Vogel, G. 2007. Venomous Snakes of Africa/Giftschlangen Afrikas. Terralog 15, Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt am Main, 150 pp.
  • Duméril, A. M. C., BIBRON, G. & DUMÉRIL, A. H. A., 1854. Erpétologie générale ou histoire naturelle complète des reptiles. Tome septième. Deuxième partie, comprenant l'histoire des serpents venimeux. Paris, Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret: i-xii + 781-1536 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1842. Monographic Synopsis of the Vipers or the family Viperidae. Zool. Miscell., 1842: 68-71 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1849. Catalogue of the specimens of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Edward Newman, London, i-xv; 1-125.
  • Herrmann,H. W.; Joger,U.; Lenk,P. & Wink,M. 1999. Morphological and molecular phylogenies of viperines: conflicting evidence?. Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 21-30 - get paper here
  • Lenk,P.; Herrmann,H. W.; Joger,U. & Wink,M. 1999. Phylogeny and taxonomic subdivision of Bitis (Reptilia: Viperidae) based on molecular evidence. Kaupia (Darmstadt) (8): 31-38 - get paper here
  • Loveridge,A. 1936. African reptiles and amphibians in the Field Museum of Natural History. Zool. Ser. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Chicago, 22 (1): 1-122 - get paper here
  • Mallow, D. Ludwig, D. & Nilson, G. 2003. True Vipers: Natural History and Toxinology of Old World Vipers. Krieger, Malabar, Florida, 410 pp. [review in HR 35: 200, Reptilia 35: 74]
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • McDiarmid,R.W.; Campbell,J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Phelps, T. 2010. Old World Vipers. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 558 pp. [critical review in Sauria 33 (3): 19 and HR 43: 503]
  • Sternfeld, R. 1910. Zur Schlangenfauna Deutsch-Südwestafrikas. Mehrere Fälle von Mimikry bei afrikanischen Schlangen. Mitt. zool. Mus. Berlin, 5: 51-60
  • Wagler, Jean G. 1830. Natürliches System der Amphibien, mit vorangehender Classification der Säugetiere und Vögel. Ein Beitrag zur vergleichenden Zoologie. 1.0. Cotta, München, Stuttgart, and Tübingen, 354 pp.
 
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