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Borikenophis prymnus (SCHWARTZ, 1966)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Alsophiini, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Puerto Rican Racer 
SynonymAlsophis portoricensis prymnus SCHWARTZ 1966: 194
Alsophis portoricensis prymnus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988
Alsophis portoricensis — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 574
Borikenophis portoricensis prymnus — HEDGES et al. 2009
Borikenophis prymnus — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Borikenophis prymnus — ZAHER et al. 2019 
DistributionS Puerto Rico (Caja de Muertos; Platillo)

Type locality: Isla Caja de Muertos, off the south coast of Puerto Rico  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MCZ 77226 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A subspecies of A. portoricensis characterized by moderate size (males to 555 mm, females to 580 mm snout-vent length), dorsum tan to light brown; dorsal scales with dark edging much reduced to almost absent (Fig. 4); ventrals without conspicuous dark edges but usually with longitudinal dashes at the region of the ventral angle and occasionally with some general tan stippling; top of head variegated; supra- and infralabials, chin, throat and even first eight ventrals with heavy and conspicuous discrete markings (Fig. 53); ventrals averaging higher than p. portoricensis, 172.8 in males and 177.8 in females; subcaudals 122 to 129 in males, 106 to 132 in females; dorsal scales most often 17-17-14. (Schwartz 1966)


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Comment 
EtymologyUncertain. Apparently named after Greek prymna = stern of a ship, prymnos = hindmost. Not explaination is given by Schwartz 1966. 
References
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Hedges, S. Blair; Arnaud Couloux; Vidal, Nicolas 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of West Indian racer snakes of the Tribe Alsophiini (Squamata, Dipsadidae, Xenodontinae). Zootaxa 2067: 1-28 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. 1966. Snakes of the genus Alsophis in Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands. Stud. Fauna Curaçao and Carib. Is. 23(90):175-227. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1988. West Indian Amphibian and Reptiles: A Checklist. Milwaukee Publ. Mus. Contr. Biol. Geol. No. 74: 264 pp. - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Zaher H, Murphy RW, Arredondo JC, Graboski R, Machado-Filho PR, Mahlow K, et al. 2019. Large-scale molecular phylogeny, morphology, divergence-time estimation, and the fossil record of advanced caenophidian snakes (Squamata: Serpentes). PLoS ONE 14(5): e0216148 - get paper here
 
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