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Bothriechis nigroadspersus (STEINDACHNER, 1870)

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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Central Ameri- can Eyelash-Pitviper
G: Zentralamerikanische Lanzenotter
Synonymy: Bocaracá, toboba de pestañas, víbora de pestañas, oropel (yellow morph) 
SynonymBothrops (Teleuraspis) nigroadspersus STEINDACHNER 1870: 348
Teleuraspis nigroadspersus — GARMAN 1884: 108
Lachesis schlegelii BOULENGER 1896 (part)
Trimeresurus schlegelii — BOCOURT 1909 (fide VILLA et al. 1988)
Bothrops schlegeli TAYLOR 1951: 173 (part)
Bothrops schlegelli — HOGE 1966: 134 (in error)
Bothrops schlegelii — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 54 (part)
Bothriechis schlegelii — SAVAGE & VILLA 1986 (part)
Bothrops schlegelii — VILLA et al. 1988 (part)
Bothriechis schlegelii — LINER 1994 (part)
Bothriechis schlegelii — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 246 (part)
Bothriechis schlegelii — CARRERA et al. 2009
Bothriechis schlegelii — WALLACH et al. 2014: 108 (part)
Bothriechis schlegelli — GRÜNWALD et al. 2016 (in error)
Bothriechis schlegelii — MARTÍNEZ-FONSECA et al. 2024
Bothriechis nigroadspersus — ARTEAGA et al. 2024: 23 
DistributionMexico (from the isthmus of Tehuantepec south), Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Colombia (Caldas, Valle del Cauca, Antioquia)

Type locality: “Central America”  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesHolotype: NMW 18811 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Bothriechis nigroadspersus is diagnosed based on the following combination of characters: (1) two raised and spinelike supraciliary scales; (2) anterior dorsal head scales keeled; (3) gular scales much smaller than chinshields; (4) 7–24 interoculolabials; (5) 2–6 canthals which may be nearly flat or with raised triangular projections; (6) loreal not in contact with preocular; (7) yellow morph present and common in some areas; (8) dorsal bands absent; (9) opposing kidney shaped dorsal marks present in the majority of individuals; (10) black speckles on dorsal scales usually absent; (11) black speckling on ventral surfaces usually absent or brown and faint; (12) ventral surfaces entirely white in some individuals; (13) iris pale straw yellow to golden with black reticulations or spots; (14) 21–25 dorsal scale rows at mid-body; (15) 153–169 ventrals in males, 148–167 in females; (16) maximum total length in males 626 mm, in females 916 mm. (Arteaga et al. 2024: 223)


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CommentVenomous!

Synonymy: previously a synonym of B. schlegelii but revalidated by Arteaga et al. 2024.

Habitat: forests, fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018, by implication)

Distribution: see map in Arteaga et al. 2024: 22 (Fig. 3), although the map does not show localities but rather the inferred range. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin nigro, black, dark and Latin adspersus, sprinkled, splashed. [“...Zahllose blauschwarze Fleckchen und Punkte an den Seiten des Rumpfes und auf der Oberseite des Kopfes; Bauch nur hie und da mit einzelnen schwärzlichen Punkten...“]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
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