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Bothrops punctatus (GARCIA, 1896)

IUCN Red List - Bothrops punctatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesS: Equis Orito, Equis Rabo de Chucha
E: Golden Lancehead or Opossum Tailed Lancehead, Chocoan Forest Pit Viper 
SynonymLachesis punctatus GARCIA 1896: 31
Thanatophis montanus POSADO-ARANGO 1889: 344
Lachesis monticelli PERACCA 1910
Bothrops leptura AMARAL 1923: 102 (fide VILLA et al. 1988)
Bothrops monticelli — RENDAHL 1937
Bothrops monticelli — SMITH 1958
Bothrops montecelli [sic] — SMITH 1958 (fide VILLA et al. 1988)
Bothrops punctata— PETERS 1960
Bothrops punctatus — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 54
Bothrops punctata — VILLA et al. 1988
Bothriechis mahnerti SCHÄTTI & KRAMER 1991
Bothriechis punctatus mahnerti — SCHÄTTI & KRAMER 1993
Bothriopsis punctata — WELCH 1994: 31
Bothriopsis punctata — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 250
Bothrops punctata— WÜSTER et al. 2002
Bothrops punctatus — CASTRO-HERRERA & VARGAS-SALINAS 2008
Bothrops punctatus — FENWICK et al. 2009
Bothrops punctatus — CARRASCO et al. 2012
Bothrops punctatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 119 
DistributionSE Panama, W Colombia (incl. Valle del Cauca), NW Ecuador, elevation 0-2000 m

Type locality: Las Montañas de Dagua, Colombia.  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesType: Unlocated (MCDIARMID et al. 1999)
Holotype: USNM 50110 [Bothrops leptura] 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1859 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous!

Type species: Thanatophis montanus POSADO-ARANGO 1889 is the type species of the genus Thanatophis POSADO-ARANGO 1889, now a synonym of Bothrops and Bothriechis. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “punctatus” (feminine pūnctāta) meaning "spotted" or "pointed". It is a reference to color pattern of the species. 
References
  • Amaral, A. do 1923. New genera and species of snakes. Proc. New England Zool. Club 8: 85-105 - get paper here
  • Arteaga A, Pyron RA, Peñafiel N, Romero-Barreto P, Culebras J, Bustamante L, et al. 2016. Comparative Phylogeography Reveals Cryptic Diversity and Repeated Patterns of Cladogenesis for Amphibians and Reptiles in Northwestern Ecuador. PLoS One 11 (4): e0151746.doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0151746 - get paper here
  • Arteaga AF, Bustamante-Enríquez LM and Guayasamin JM 2013. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Mindo. http://www.tropicalherping.com - get paper here
  • Arteaga, A.; Bustamante, L.; Vieira, J. 2024. Reptiles of Ecuador. Khamai Foundation & Tropical Herping, 1073 pp. - get paper here
  • Bernal, R. 2025. Serpientes de Colombia-Guía de Campo. Serie de Guías Tropicales de Campo. 19: 396 pp. Conservación Internacional Colombia, Bogotá - get paper here
  • Campbell, J.A. & Lamar, W.W. 1989. The Venomous Reptiles of Latin America. Comstock Publishing/Cornell University Press, Ithaca
  • Campbell,J.A. & Lamar,W.W. 1992. Taxonomic status of miscellaneous Neotropical viperids, with the description of a new genus. Occ. Papers Mus. Texas Tech. Univ. 153: 1-31 - get paper here
  • Carrasco, P.A., C.I. Mattoni, G.C. Leynaud, and G.J. Scrocchi. 2012. Morphology, phylogeny and taxonomy of South American bothropoid pitvipers (Serpentes, Viperidae). Zoologica Scripta 41: 109-124 - get paper here
  • Castro, F.; Ayerbe, S.; Calderón, J.J. & Cepeda, B. 2005. Nuevo registro para Colombia de Bothrocophias campbelli y notas sobre B. colombianus y B. myersi (Serpentes:Viperidae). Novedades Colombianas 8(1): 57-64 - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Cortés Gómez, Angela María; Anyelet Valencia Aguilar, Diana Marcela Torres Domínguez, Lina María García Calderón, Diego Fernando Villaquirán Martínez, Andrea del Pilar Cáceres Franco, Fernando Castro Herrera 2010. Guía de los anfibios y reptiles. Área en conservación de la microcuenca Quebrada Pericos. [Valle de Cauca, Colombia]. Corporación Autónoma Regional del Valle del Cauca, Santiago de Cali: CVC, 37 pp. - get paper here
  • Dunn,E.R. 1944. Los géneros de anfibios y reptiles de Colombia, III. Orden de las serpientes. Caldasia 3 (12): 155-224 - get paper here
  • FENWICK, ALLYSON M.; RONALD L. GUTBERLET JR, JENNAFER A. EVANS, CHRISTOPHER L. PARKINSON 2009. Morphological and molecular evidence for phylogeny and classification of South American pitvipers, genera Bothrops, Bothriopsis, and Bothrocophias (Serpentes: Viperidae). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 156 (3): 617-640 - get paper here
  • Garcia,E. 1896. Los Ofidios Venenosos del Cauca. Métodos empíricos y racionales empleados contra los accidentes producidos por la mordedura de esos reptiles. Cali: Librería Colombiana, xv + 102 pp. - get paper here
  • McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp.
  • Ospina-L, Ana María 2017. Bothrops punctatus (García 1896). Rabo de chucha. Catálogo de Anfibios y Reptiles de Colombia 3 (1): 25-30 - get paper here
  • Peracca, MARIO GIACINTO 1910. Descrizione di alcune nuove specie di Ofidii del Museo Zoologico della R.a Universita di Napoli. Annuario Mus. zool. Univ. Napoli, (N. S.) 3 (12): 1-3
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Posada ARANGO 1889. Note sure quelques solénoglyphes de Colombie. Bull. Soc. Zool. France 1889: 343-345 - get paper here
  • Rendahl, H. & VESTERGREN,G. 1940. Notes on Colombian snakes. Arkiv för Zoologi 33A [1941?] (5): 1-16
  • Schätti B; Kramer E 1991. A new pitviper from Ecuador, Bothriechis mahnerti n. sp. Revue Suisse de Zoologie 98 (1): 9-14 - get paper here
  • Schätti B; Kramer E 1993. Ecuadorianische Grubenottern der Gattungen Bothriechis, Bothrops und Porthidium (Serpentes: Viperidae). Revue Suisse de Zoologie 100 (2): 235-278 - get paper here
  • Smith, H.M. 1958. Handlist of the snakes of Panamá. Herpetologica 14: 222-224. - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Valencia, J. H., K. Garzón-Tello & M. E. Barragán-Paladines 2016. Serpientes venenosas del Ecuador: sistemática, taxonomía, historia natural, conservación, envenenamiento y aspectos antropológicos. Quito, Ecuador, Fundación Herpetológica Gustavo Orcés, Universidad de Texas, Fondo Ambiental Nacional, 652 pp. [review in HR 49 (1): 152, 2018]
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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