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Bradypodion ventrale (GRAY, 1845)

IUCN Red List - Bradypodion ventrale - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaChamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Eastern Cape Dwarf Chameleon 
SynonymChamaeleo ventralis GRAY 1845
Lophosaura ventralis var. karrooica METHUEN & HEWITT 1915
Lophosaura melanocephala kentamica HEWITT 1935
Bradypodion ventrale karrooicum — BRANCH 1998
Bradypodion pumilum karrooicum — KLAVER & BÖHME 1997
Bradypodion pumilum ventrale — KLAVER & BÖHME 1997
Bradypodion karrooicum — NECAS 1999: 194
Bradypodion ventrale — NECAS 1999: 276
Bradypodion ventrale — BRANCH et al. 2006
Bradypodion karrooicum — SCHMIDT et al. 2010
Bradypodion ventrale — TILBURY 2010: 330
Bradypodion ventrale — CAMPBELL & DENZER 2020 
DistributionRepublic of South Africa (E Cape Province)

Type locality: S. Africa

not recognized anymore: karrooicum from the Republic of South Africa (S Cape Province); Type locality: Beaufort West, Cape Province  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.8.22.7-10 (4 specimens), probably all females fide Campbell & Denzer 2020.
Holotype: PEM R8924 (formerly AMG 1789), Paratype: PEM R8926 (formerly AMG 1851) [karrooica] 
Diagnosis 
CommentDistribution: For a map see TOLLEY et al. (2004).

Bradypodion karrooicum “is nested within V. ventrale and thus best treated as a synonym” (fide BRANCH et al. 2006). 
EtymologyNamed after L.: venter (ventris > vent), belly or underside; -alis/is/e, adjectival suffix: denoting the scalation of the belly or more precisely the series of large flat circular scales on the belly (Charles Klaver, pers. comm., 11 Jan 2023). 
References
  • Bates, M. F. 1988. Life History Note: Bradypodion ventrale ventrale: Reproduction. J. Herp. Assoc. Africa (34): 47-47 - get paper here
  • Bates, M.F.; Branch, W.R., Bauer, A.M.; Burger, M., Marais, J.; Alexander, G.J. & de Villliers, M.S. (eds.) 2014. Atlas and Red List of the Reptiles of South Africa, Lesotho, and Swaziland. Suricata 1. South African National Biodiversity Institute, Pretoria, 512 pp.
  • Branch, W. R. 1988. Life History Note: Bradypodion ventrale ventrale: Growth and Predation. J. Herp. Assoc. Africa (34): 47-47 - get paper here
  • Branch, W. R. 1998. Field Guide to the Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. 3rd ed. Fully Revised and Updated to Include 83 New Species. Ralph Curtis Books (Sanibel Island, Florida), 399 pp.
  • Branch, Wiliam R., Krystal A. Tolley and Colin R. Tilbury 2006. A new Dwarf Chameleon (Sauria: Bradypodion Fitzinger, 1843) from the Cape Fold Mountains, South Africa. African Journal of Herpetology 55 (2):123-141. - get paper here
  • Branch, William R. 1993. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Southern Africa. Cape Town: Struik Publishers, 144 S.
  • CAMPBELL, PATRICK D; WOLFGANG DENZER 2020. Annotated catalogue of chameleon types in the collection of the Natural History Museum, UK (NHMUK) (Reptilia: Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Zootaxa 4742 (3): 481–500 - get paper here
  • Carne, Liza; Measey, G. John 2013. Chameleons on the cruise: seasonal differences in prey choice of two dwarf chameleons. The Herpetological Journal 23 (4): 221-227 - get paper here
  • CONRADIE, WERNER; WILLIAM R. BRANCH, & GILLIAN WATSON 2019. Type specimens in the Port Elizabeth Museum, South Africa, including the historically important Albany Museum collection. Part 2: Reptiles (Squamata). Zootaxa 4576 (1): 001–045 - get paper here
  • Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • Hewitt, J. 1935. Some new forms of batrachians and reptiles from South Africa. Rec. Albany Mus. 4: 283-357
  • Necas, Petr 1999. Chameleons - Nature's Hidden Jewels. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt; 348 pp.; ISBN 3-930612-04-6 (Europe)<br />ISBN 1-57524-137-4 (USA, Canada)
  • Stuart-Fox, D. & Moussalli, A. 2007. Sex-specific ecomorphological variation and the evolution of sexual dimorphism in dwarf chameleons (Bradypodion spp.). J. evol. Biol. 20: 1073-1081 - get paper here
  • Stuart-Fox, D.; Moussalli, A. & Whiting, M.J. 2007. Natural Selection on Social Signals: Signal Efficacy and the Evolution of Chameleon Display Coloration. American Naturalist 170 (6): 916-930 - get paper here
  • Taft, J. M., Tolley, K. A., Alexander, G. J., & Geneva, A. J. 2023. De Novo-Whole Genome Assemblies for Two Southern African Dwarf Chameleons (Bradypodion, Chamaeleonidae). Genome Biology and Evolution, evad182 - get paper here
  • Tilbury, C. 2010. Chameleons of Africa: An Atlas, Including the Chameleons of Europe, the Middle East and Asia. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt M., 831 pp.
  • Tolley, K. & Burger, M. 2007. Chameleons of Southern Africa. Struik, Cape Town,100 pp.
  • Tolley, Krystal A.; Colin R. Tilbury, William R. Branch and Conrad A. Matthee 2004. Phylogenetics of the southern African dwarf chameleons, Bradypodion (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 30 (2): 354-365 - get paper here
 
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