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Bungarus niger WALL, 1908

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Higher TaxaElapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Greater Black Krait 
SynonymBungarus niger WALL 1908: 715
Bungarus niger — WALL 1908: 19
Bungarus niger — SMITH 1943: 417
Bungarus niger — WELCH 1994: 39
Bungarus niger — TILLACK 2003
Bungarus niger — WALLACH et al. 2014: 129 
DistributionIndia (Assam [Cachar district], Sikkim; Arunachal Pradesh (Miao - Changlang district, Itanagar – Papum Pare district) [A. Captain, pers. comm.], Uttarakhand, Mizoram, Nagaland), Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan.

Type locality: “Tindharia, eastern Himalayas, India”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesTypes: BMNH 1946.1.18.63 (and possibly additional specimens). 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (867 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous! 
EtymologyNamed after Latin niger, nigra, nigrum = black. 
References
  • Ahsan, M.F. & M.M. Rahman 2017. Status, distribution and threats of kraits (Squamata: Elapidae: Bungarus) in Bangladesh. Journal of Threatened Taxa 9 (3): 9903–9910 - get paper here
  • Bauer A M; Gunther R 1992. A preliminary report on the reptile fauna of the Kingdom of Bhutan with the description of a new species of scincid lizard (Reptilia: Scincidae). Asiatic Herpetological Research 4: 23-36 - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, S., Ramesh Kumar, S., Paramanandham, J., Thirumalainathan, P. and Pranjit Kumar Sarma 2013. Conservation of reptiles in Nagaland, India. In: K. K. Singh et al. (editors), Bioresources and Traditional Knowledge of Northeast India, Mizo Post-Graduate Science Society, pp. 181-186
  • Biakzuala, L., Purkayastha, J., Rathee, Y. S., & Lalremsanga, H. T. 2021. New data on the distribution, morphology, and molecular systematics of two venomous snakes, Bungarus niger and Bungarus lividus (Serpentes: Elapidae), from north-east India. Salamandra 57 (2): 219–228
  • Das, Abhijit 2018. Notes on Snakes of the Genus Bungarus 2 (Serpentes: Elapidae) from Northeast India. in: C. Sivaperuman, K. Venkataraman (eds.), Indian Hotspots, Springer, pp: - get paper here
  • Das, Abhijit; Uttam Saikia, B. H. C. K. Murthy, Santanu Dey and Sushil K. Dutta 2009. A herpetofaunal inventory of Barail Wildlife Sanctuary and adjacent regions, Assam, north-eastern India. Hamadryad 34 (1): 117 – 134 - get paper here
  • Das, I. 2012. A Naturalist's Guide to the Snakes of South-East Asia: Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Myanmar, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and Bali. Oxford J, ohn Beaufoy Publishing - get paper here
  • Grosselet, O., M. Vauche, A. Gupta & S. Gupta 2004. Bungarus niger Wall, 1908 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae) : Extension of range to Cachar district, Assam, India. Russ. J. Herpetol. 11 (1): 10-11. - get paper here
  • Hakim, J., Trageser, S. J., Ghose, A., Rashid, S. M. A., & Rahman, S. C. 2020. Amphibians and reptiles from Lawachara National Park in Bangladesh. Check List, 16: 1239 - get paper here
  • Kästle , W., Rai, K. & Schleich, H.H. 2013. FIELD GUIDE to Amphibians and Reptiles of Nepal. ARCO-Nepal e.V., 625 pp. - get paper here
  • Lalremsanga, H.T.; Saipari Sailo and Chinliansiama 2011. Diversity of Snakes (Reptilia: Squamata) and Role of Environmental Factors in Their Distribution in Mizoram, Northeast India. Advances in Environmental Chemistry - get paper here
  • Laltanpuia, T. C.; C. Lalrinchhana, Lalnunsanga, Lalrotluanga, Ricky Hmingthansanga, Arti Kumari, Vanlalsawmi Renthlei, S. Lalrintluangi and H. T. Lalremsanga 2008. Snakes (Reptilia: Serpentes) of Mizoram University Campus, Tanhril, Aizawl with notes on their identification keys [in Mizo]. Science Vision 8(4): 112-127 - get paper here
  • Lenz, Norbert 2012. Von Schmetterlingen und Donnerdrachen - Natur und Kultur in Bhutan. Karlsruher Naturhefte 4, Naturkundemuseum Karlsruhe, 124 pp.
  • MALSAWMDAWNGLIANA; TLAULIANA, V. LALCHHUANAWMA, SAMUEL LALRONUNGA & ESTHER LALHMINGLIANI 2021. First observation of male combat in the greater black krait Bungarus niger. The Herpetological Bulletin (155) - get paper here
  • Purkayastha J. 2013. An Amateur’s Guide to Reptiles of Assam. EBH Publishers (India) - get paper here
  • Purkayastha, J. 2018. Urban biodiversity: an insight into the terrestrial vertebrate diversity of Guwahati, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 10(10): 12299–12316; - get paper here
  • Rahman, Shahriar Caesar;,, S.M.A. Rashid, Kanai Das, Luca Luiselli,∗ 2013. Composition and structure of a snake assemblage in an altered tropical forest-plantation mosaic in Bangladesh. Amphibia-Reptilia 34 (3): 41-50 - get paper here
  • Sengupta D et al. 2019. Assessment of the Reptilian Fauna in the Brahmaputra Plains of Two Districts in Assam, India. IRCF 26 (1): 65-67 - get paper here
  • Sharma, R. C. 2004. Handbook Indian Snakes. AKHIL BOOKS, New Delhi, 292 pp.
  • Sharma, S.K., Pandey, D.P., Shah, K.B., Tillack, E, Chappuis, E, Thapa, C. L., AiroI, E. & Kuch, U. 2013. Venomous snakes of Nepal: a photographic guide. B.P. Kolrala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan, 85 pp. - get paper here
  • Slowinski J B. 1994. A phylogenetic analysis of Bungarus (Elapidae) based on morphological characters. Journal of Herpetology 28 (4): 440-446 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Theophilus, E.; Captain, A.; Tillack, F.; Kuch, U. 2008. Reptilia, Elapidae, Bungarus niger: Distribution extension and first record for the state of Uttarakhand, India, with notes on snakebites in the Gori River valley. Check List 4 (4): 404–409 - get paper here
  • Tillack, F. 2003. Über die Verbreitung und Biologie der Himalaya-Gebirgswassernatter Amphiesma platyceps (BLYTH 1854) und einen Fall von Amphigonia retardata (Serpentes: Colubridae: Natricinae). Sauria 25 (1): 21-27 - get paper here
  • Tillack, Frank and Wolfgang Grossmann 2001. Ein neuer Nachweis zur Schlangenfauna Nepals: Bungarus niger Wall, 1908 (Reptilia: Serpentes: Elapidae). Sauria 23 (1): 3-9 - get paper here
  • Wall, F. 1908. The poisonous terrestrial snakes of our British Indian dominions and how to recognise them, 2nd ed. Bombay, Bombay Natural History Society - get paper here
  • Wall,F. 1908. A popular treatise of the common Indian snakes. Part VIII. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 18: 711-735 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wangyal, Jigme Tshelthrim 2019. The status of herpetofauna of Bhutan. District Forest Office, District Administration, Trashigang, Bhutan, 20-39 - get paper here
  • Wangyal, Jigme Tshelthrim; Kado Rinchen, Damanti Kumari Sunwar 2021. Presumed combat behavior in Greater Black Kraits, Bungarus niger Wall 1908, in Trongsa, Bhutan. Reptiles & Amphibians 28 (1): 159-160 - get paper here
  • Whitaker, Romulus and Ashok Captain 2004. Snakes of India. Draco Books, 500 pp., reprinted 2007 - get paper here
 
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