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Calamaria leucogaster BLEEKER, 1860

IUCN Red List - Calamaria leucogaster - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Calamariinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Ampat Lawang Dwarf Snake 
SynonymCalamaria leucogaster BLEEKER 1860
Calamaria rebentischi BLEEKER 1860
Calamaria arcticeps GÜNTHER 1866
Calamaria beccarii PETERS 1872: 34
Calamaria brooki BOULENGER 1895: 329
Calamaria smithi DUNN 1923: 3
Calamaria leucocephala BOETTGER 1898 (non DUMÉRIL & BIBRON)
Calamaria bicolor VOGT 1925 (non DUMÉRIL & BIBRON)
Calamaria leucogaster — INGER & MARX 1985: 63
Calamaria leucogaster — MANTHEY 1983
Calamaria leucogaster — INGER & VORIS 2001
Calamaria leucogaster — MALKMUS et al. 2020: 321
Calamaria leucogaster — WALLACH et al. 2014: 138 
DistributionIndonesia (Sumatra, Borneo, Kalimantan), Malaysia (Sarawak, Sabah)

Type locality: Ampat Lawang, Sumatra.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.1.3.76 (63.12.11.141), RMNH
Holotype: MSNG 28873 [beccarii]
Holotype: ZMB, Borneo [Calamaria bicolor]
Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.3.61 (64.9.2.69 [arcticeps]
Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.3.55 (95.2.28.30 [brookii]
Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.3.43 (1922.11.24.5) [smithi] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Maxillary teeth unmodified (Fig. 2, top); third and fourth supralabials enter orbit; mental not touching anterior chin shields; paraparietal surrounded by 5 shields and scales; no dark pigment on ventrals (Inger & Marx 1965: 64).


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CommentSynonymy after INGER & MARX 1965.

Distribution: Inger and Marx 1965: 68 mention that only two specimens have been reported from Java, but possibly have been collected elsewhere. Not on Java fide de Lang 2017. 
References
  • Bleeker, P. 1860. Over de reptilien-fauna van Sumatra. Nat. Tijdschr. Ned. Ind., Batavia, 21: 284-298. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1895. Description of a new snake from Borneo. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6)15: 329 - get paper here
  • David,P. & Vogel, G. 1996. The snakes of Sumatra. An annotated checklist and key with natural history notes. Bücher Kreth, Frankfurt/M.
  • Dunn, E.R. 1923. On a collection of reptiles from Sarawak. J. Malay. Br. Roy. As. Soc., Singapore, 1: 1-4.
  • Grismer, L. L., H. Kaiser & N. S. Yaakob 2004. A new species of Reed Snake of the genus Calamaria H. Boie, 1827, from Pulau Tioman, Pahang, West Malaysia. Hamadryad 28 (1&2): 1-6 - get paper here
  • Inger, R. F. & H. MARX 1965. The systematics and evolution of the oriental colubrid snakes of the genus Calamaria. Fieldiana: Zoology 49: 1-304. - get paper here
  • Inger, R.F. & Voris, H. K. 2001. The biogeographical relations of the frogs and snakes of Sundaland. Journal of Biogeography 28: 863-89 1
  • Malkmus, R.; Manthey, U.; Vogel, G. Hoffmann, P. & Kosuch, J. 2002. Amphibians and reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo). A.R.G. Ganther Verlag, Rugell, 404 pp.
  • Manthey,U. 1983. Exkursion am Mt. Kinabalu (4101 m), Nordborneo, Teil 3: Checkliste der Herpetofauna oberhalb 600 m ü. NN. Herpetofauna 5 (23): 20-31 - get paper here
  • Marx, H. & R. F. INGER 1955. Notes on the snakes of the genus Calamaria. Fieldiana: Zoology 37: 167 - 209 - get paper here
  • Murphy, J. C.; Voris, H. K.; Karns, D. R. 1994. A field guide and key to the snakes of the Danum Valley, A bornean tropical rainforest ecosystem. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 29: 133-151
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1872. Übersicht der von den Herren Mse G. Doria und Dr O. Beccari in Sarawack auf Borneo von 1865 bis 1868 gesammelten Amphibien. Annali del Museo Civico de Storia Naturale di Genova ser. 1, 3: 27-45 - get paper here
  • Rooijen, J. van & Myriam van Rooijen. 2007. The land snakes of the Santubong Peninsula, Sarawak, Borneo: A preliminary list of species with natural history notes. Russ. J. Herpetol. 14 (1):27-38 - get paper here
  • Rooijen, J. van & Rooijen, M. van 2004. Einige Beobachtungen zur terrestrischen Schlangenfauna auf der Halbinsel Santubong, Sarawak, Ost-Malaysia. Sauria 26 (4): 19-28 - get paper here
  • Stuebing, R.B., Inger, R.F. & Lardner, B. 2014. A field guide to the snakes of Borneo, second edition. Natural history Publications (Borneo)
  • TEYNIÉ, ALEXANDRE; PATRICK DAVID, & ANNEMARIE OHLER 2010. Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43 - get paper here
  • Vogt, Theodor 1925. Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Schlangengattung Calamaria. Zool. Anz. 62 (3/4): 64-65
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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