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Calamaria septentrionalis BOULENGER, 1890

IUCN Red List - Calamaria septentrionalis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae, Calamariinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Hong Kong Dwarf Snake
Chinese: 钝尾两头蛇 
SynonymCalamaria septentrionalis BOULENGER 1890: 34
Calamaria septentrionalis — MELL 1931 [1929]
Calamaria septentrionalis — BOURRET 1935: 8
Calamaria septentrionalis — SMITH 1943: 239
Calamaria septentrionalis — INGER & MARX 1965: 218
Calamaria septentrionalis — NGUYEN et al. 2009
Calamaria septentrionalis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 141
Calamaria septentrionalis — WANG et al. 2022 
DistributionS China (Fujian, Hong Kong, Hainan, westward to Guizhou and northward to Henan),
N Vietnam (Hoa Binh)

Type locality: Kiukiang and Hong Kong.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1947.3.6.60-61 (91.1.28.1-2), 1946.1.3.72 (82.11.25.15), 1946.1.7.28-31 (88.1.30.32-35) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Maxillary teeth modified; second and third supralabials entering orbit; preocular present; mental not touching anterior chin shields; tail as thick as body, not tapered, end rounded. (INGER & MARX 1965: 219)


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Comment 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is an adjective in the nominative case derived from the Latin for ‘northern’, referring to the distribution of this species. 
References
  • Boulenger, George A. 1894. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, xi, 382 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1890. List of the reptiles, batrachians, and freshwater fishes collected by Professor Moesch and Mr. Iversein in the district of Deli, Sumatra. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1890: 31-40 - get paper here
  • Bourret,R. 1935. Notes herpétologiques sur l'Indochine Française X. Les serpents de la station d’altitude du Tam-dao. Bull. Gen. Instr. Pub. Hanoi 8 (avril): 259-271 (1-13)
  • Cai, Bo, Jianping, J., Yayong, W., Song, H., Dongbo, F., & Li, D. 2023. A New Species of Calamaria (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae) from Western Jiangxi Province, China. Russian Journal of Herpetology, 30(2), 101-111 - get paper here
  • David, P. & Vogel, G. 2010. Venomous Snakes of Europe, Northern, Central and Western Asia (TERRALOG 16) (English and German Edition). Edition Chimaira, Terralog 16, 160 pp. - get paper here
  • Francis, A. 2021. A field guide to the snakes of Hong Kong. Regal Printing, Hong Kong - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. L., H. Kaiser & N. S. Yaakob 2004. A new species of Reed Snake of the genus Calamaria H. Boie, 1827, from Pulau Tioman, Pahang, West Malaysia. Hamadryad 28 (1&2): 1-6 - get paper here
  • Hecht, Vera L.; Cuong T. Pham, Tao T. Nguyen, Truong Q. Nguyen, Michael Bonkowski & Thomas Ziegler 2013. First report on the herpetofauna of Tay Yen Tu Nature Reserve, northeastern Vietnam. Biodiversity Journal 4 (4): 507–552
  • Inger, R. F. & H. MARX 1965. The systematics and evolution of the oriental colubrid snakes of the genus Calamaria. Fieldiana: Zoology 49: 1-304. - get paper here
  • Liang, Y. T., Huang, Z. D., Ding, L., Vogel, G., Ananjeva, N. B., Orlov, N. L., ... & Chen, Z. N. 2024. Revalidated after having been described more than a century ago: Calamaria berezowskii Günther, 1896 (Squamata, Colubridae) from Sichuan, Southwestern China. Zoosystematics and Evolution, 100(3): 897-911 - get paper here
  • Luu, V. Q., Dinh, T. S., Lo, O. V., Nguyen, T. Q. and Ziegler, T. 2020. New records and an updated list of reptiles from Ba Vi National Park, Vietnam. Bonn Zoological Bulletin 69: 1-9.
  • Marx, H. & R. F. INGER 1955. Notes on the snakes of the genus Calamaria. Fieldiana: Zoology 37: 167 - 209 - get paper here
  • Mell,R. 1931. List of Chinese snakes. Lingnan Sci. Jour., Canton, 8 [1929]: 199-219.
  • Nguyen, S.V., Ho, C.T. and Nguyen, T.Q. 2009. Herpetofauna of Vietnam. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 768 pp.
  • Nguyen, Truong Quang; Tan Van Nguyen, Cuong The Pham, An Vinh Ong & Thomas Ziegler 2018. New records of snakes (Squamata: Serpentes) from Hoa Binh Province, northwestern Vietnam. Bonn zoological Bulletin 67 (1): 15–24 - get paper here
  • Orlov, Nikolai L. 2009. A New Species of the Genus Calamaria (Squamata: Ophidia: Colubridae) from the Central Highlands (Ngoc Linh Nature Reserve, Ngoc Linh Mountain, Kon Tum Province), Vietnam. Russ. J. Herpetol. 16 (2): 146-154 - get paper here
  • Poyarkov, Nikolay A.; Jr., Tan Van Nguyen, Nikolai L. Orlov, Gernot Vogel 2019. A New Species of the Genus Calamaria Boie, 1827 from the Highlands of the Langbian Plateau, Southern Vietnam (Squamata: Colubridae). Russ. J. Herpetol. 26 (6): 335-348 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1943. The Fauna of British India, Ceylon and Burma, Including the Whole of the Indo-Chinese Sub-Region. Reptilia and Amphibia. 3 (Serpentes). Taylor and Francis, London. 583 pp.
  • Stejneger, L. 1925. Chinese amphibians and reptiles in the United States National Museum. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 66 (2562): 1-115. - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Wang, C. G. M. Z. X., Jia, S. Y. K. T. L., & Hu, C. Z. J. 2022. An updated species checklist of amphibians and reptiles in Fujian Province, China. Biodiversity Science, 22090 - get paper here
  • Wang, Kai; Jinlong Ren, Hongman Chen, Zhitong Lyu, Xianguang Guo Ke Jiang, Jinmin Chen, Jiatang Li, Peng Guo, Yingyong Wang, Jing Che 2020. The updated checklists of amphibians and reptiles of China. Biodiversity Science 28 (2): 189-218 - get paper here
  • Zhao, E.M. 2006. The snakes of China [in Chinese]. Hefei, China, Anhui Sience & Technology Publ. House, Vol. I, 372 pp., Vol. II (color plates), 280 pp.
  • Ziegler, Thomas; Nguyen Van Sang, Nguyen Quang Truong 2008. A New Reed Snake of the Genus Calamaria Boie (Squamata: Colubridae) from Vietnam. Current Herpetology 27 (2): 71-80 [2009] - get paper here
  • ZIEGLER, THOMAS; RALF HENDRIX, VU NGOC THANH, MARTINA VOGT, BERNHARD FORSTER & DANG NGOC KIEN 2007. The diversity of a snake community in a karst forest ecosystem in the central Truong Son, Vietnam, with an identification key. Zootaxa 1493: 1-40 - get paper here
 
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