Calliophis gracilis GRAY, 1834

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Higher Taxa	Elapidae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Gray Coral Snake, Spotted Coral Snake G: Gefleckte korallenotter
Synonym	Calliophis gracilis GRAY in GRAY & HARDWICKE 1834: 86 Callophis gracilis — GÜNTHER 1864 Elaps nigromaculatus CANTOR 1839 (fide BOULENGER 1896) Callophis gracilis — BOULENGER 1896: 396 Callophis gracilis — TWEEDIE 1950 Calliophis gracilis — TAYLOR 1965: 969 Calliophis gracilis — WELCH 1994: 39 Calliophis gracilis — SLOWINSKI, BOUNDY & LAWSON 2001 Calliophis gracilis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 145
Distribution	S Thailand, W Malaysia, Indonesia (Sumatra, Aceh, Johor, Pulau Pinang, Selangor), Singapore Type locality: “Penang” [= Penang Is., Pinang State, NW Malay Peninsula, 5°22’N, 100°14’E] via lectotype designation.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.16.17 (T. Hardwicke, 1756 –1823). M.A. Smith (1943: 530) designated pl. 120 in T. Hardwicke’s collection a lectotype fide Wallach et al. 2014: 145. Holotype: BMNH 1946.1.19.17 (94.6.25.13), according to BMNH catalogue this is the type of [nigromaculatus]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: Taylor 1965: 969
Comment	Venomous! Type species: Calliophis gracilis is the type species of the genus Calliophis GRAY 1834. Note that other authors, e.g. Leviton et al. 2014: 493, consider Calliophis intestinalis as type species of the genus.
Etymology	Named after Latin “gracilis” = narrow, small, gracile. The genus is named after Greek kallos = beauty, ornament, and Greek ophis = snake, for the beautiful coloration of many species in this genus (although the type species is particularly colorful, it does have a nice pattern). Calliophis is masculine. Named after Latin “gracilis”, meaning small or lanky, or gracile.
References	Blackburn, D.G. 1993. STANDARDIZED CRITERIA FOR THE RECOGNITION OF REPRODUCTIVE MODES IN SQUAMATE REPTILES. Herpetologica 49 (1): 118-132 - get paper here Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here David,P. & Vogel, G. 1996. The snakes of Sumatra. An annotated checklist and key with natural history notes. Bücher Kreth, Frankfurt/M. FIGUEROA, ALEX; MARTYN E.Y. LOW, KELVIN K.P. LIM 2023. Singapore’s herpetofauna: updated and annotated checklist, history, conservation, and distribution. Zootaxa 5287 (1): 001–378 - get paper here Gray. J. E. 1834. Illustrations of Indian Zoology, chiefly selected from the collection of Major - General Hardwicke. Vol. 2. London (1833-1834): 263 pp., 95 plates - get paper here Slowinski, Joseph B.; Boundy, Jeff & Lawson,R. 2001. The phylogenetic relationships of Asian coral snakes (Elapidae: Calliophis and Maticora) based on morphological and molecular characters. Herpetologica 57 (2): 233-245 - get paper here Smith, E.N.; KELUM MANAMENDRA-ARACHCHI & RUCHIRA SOMAWEERA 2008. A new species of coralsnake of the genus Calliophis (Squamata: Elapidae) from the Central Province of Sri Lanka. Zootaxa 1847: 19–33 - get paper here Taylor,E.H. 1965. The serpents of Thailand and adjacent waters. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 45 (9): 609-1096 - get paper here TEYNIÉ, ALEXANDRE; PATRICK DAVID, & ANNEMARIE OHLER 2010. Note on a collection of Amphibians and Reptiles from Western Sumatra (Indonesia), with the description of a new species of the genus Bufo. Zootaxa 2416: 1–43 - get paper here Tweedie, M.W.F. 1950. Notes on Malayan reptiles, No.2. Bull. Raffles Mus. No 23: 191-199 Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List Google images

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