Centrosaura apodema (UZZELL, 1966)
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Centrosaura apodema
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| Higher Taxa | Gymnophthalmidae (Cercosaurinae), Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Uzzell's Neusticurus |
| Synonym | Neusticurus apodemus UZZELL 1966 Neusticurus apodemus — KÖHLER 2000: 104 Neusticurus apodemus — SAVAGE 2002: 523 Potamites apodemus — DOAN & CASTOE 2005 Neusticurus apodemus — KÖHLER 2008 Echinosaura apodema — MARQUES-SOUZA et al. 2018 Centrosaura apodema — VÁSQUEZ-RESTREPO et al. 2019 |
| Distribution | Costa Rica, Panama Type locality: 15 SW San Isidro del General, Provinz San José, Costa Rica, 865 m elevation |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: KU 67375; paratypes: KU, UMMZ, |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus Centrosaura): Phenotypic characteristics of Centrosaura include: (1) dorsal scales heterogeneous, with large or polygonal, longitudinally keeled scales intermixed with small irregular scales; (2) dorsal surface of the head with small, asymmetrical and non-paired scales anteriorly, and with large regular scales posteriorly; (3) several scales on internasal and frontonasal region; (4) prefrontals paired; (5) frontal divided; (6) frontoparietals small, paired; (7) interparietal well defined; (8) parietals paired; (9) postmental single, large; (10) large chin shields in three pairs; (11) lower eyelid developed, with a palpebral disc divided into several, unpigmented scales; (12) ventral scales squared, not imbricated; (13) limbs pentadactyl, digits clawed; (14) femoral pores in both sexes, with males having more femoral pores than females. Centrosaura differs from other cercosaurine genera except Echinosaura s.s., Gelanesaurus, Neusticurus, Potamites and Rheosaurus in having heterogeneous dorsal scalation. It differs from Echinosaura in having large, longitudinally keeled dorsal scales intermixed with small irregular scales (vs. small or granular, irregular dorsal scales intermixed with tubercular or spine-like scales), a well-defined interparietal (vs. irregular scales on parietal region) and irregular and asymmetrical scales on prefrontal–nasal region with paired prefrontals (vs. symmetrical scales on prefrontal–nasal region and prefrontals usually absent); from Gelanesaurus in lacking a black ring around the nostril (vs. black ring around the nostril present); from Neusticurus in having a slightly compressed tail (vs. strongly compressed tail) and calcareous spinules on flounces of hemipenes (vs. no calcareous spinules on hemipenes); from Potamites in having irregular scales on prefrontal–nasal region (vs. a single frontonasal) and from the new genus Rheosaurus in having internasal irregularly divided (vs. internasal symmetrically divided), several irregular scales in frontonasal region (vs. three frontonasals) and frontal divided (vs. frontal single). Centrosaura differs from Andinosaura, its sister- clade, in having heterogeneous dorsal scalation (vs. homogenous dorsal scalation) and irregular scales on prefrontal–nasal region with prefrontals present (vs. a single frontonasal and prefrontals usually absent). For comparisons among related or similar genera see Figure 9 and Table 5 in VÁSQUEZ-RESTREPO et al. 2019. |
| Comment | Type species: Neusticurus apodemus UZZELL 1966 is the type species of the genus Centrosaura VÁSQUEZ-RESTREPO et al. 2019. The sister-clade to Centrosaura is Andinosaura. |
| Etymology | Centrosaura (gender feminine) is derived from the Latin centrum (centre or middle) and the Greek σαύρα, saura (lizard), in reference to its geographic distribution in Central America. |
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