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Chalcides humilis BOULENGER, 1896

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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Ragazzi's Cylindrical Skink, Ragazzi's Bronze Skink 
SynonymChalcides ocellatus var. humilis BOULENGER 1896: 552
Chalcides ocellatus humilis — MERTENS 1921: 117
Chalcides cf. humilis — BAHA EL DIN 2006
Chalcides ocellatus humilis — CARRANZA et al. 2008
Chalcides humilis — KORNILIOS et al. 2010
Chalcides cf. humilis — MAZUCH 2013
Chalcides humilis — SPAWLS et al. 2023 
DistributionEgypt, Sudan, Eritrea, N Ethiopia, Algeria, Mali

Type locality: Dahlac [Dahlak] Islands, Mareb and Ghinda, Eritrea  
Reproductionovoviviparous 
TypesHolotype: MSNG (Boulenger only mentions the “Genoa Museum” without details) 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1032 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy: Previsouly considered a subspecies of Ch. ocellatus or a synonym of Chalcides ragazzii. 
EtymologyNamed after Latin humilis, humble, obscure, poor, insignificant. [“…This form may be distinguished as a variety, intermediate between the typical form and the var. ragazzi, for which I propose the name humilis…] 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1896. A list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by Dr. Ragazzi in Shoa and Eritrea. Annali Mus. civ. Stor. nat. Genova, Giacomo Doria, (2) 16: 545-554 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1890. On the varieties of Chalcides ocellatus, Forsk. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 5: 444-445 - get paper here
  • Calabresi, Enrica 1925. Anfibi e rettili raccolti dal Signor Ugo Ignesti nell'Abissinia settentrionale. Atti della Società Italiana di Scienze Naturali, e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale, Milano 64: 100-109 - get paper here
  • Carranza, S.; E.N. Arnold, Ph. Geniez, J. Roca and J.A. Mateo 2008. Radiation, multiple dispersal and parallelism in the skinks, Chalcides and Sphenops (Squamata: Scincidae), with comments on Scincus and Scincopus and the age of the Sahara Desert. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1071-1094 - get paper here
  • Greenbaum, E.; Campbell, A.C. & Raxworthy, C.J. 2006. A revision of sub-saharan Chalcides (Squamata: Scincidae) with redescriptions of two East African species. Herpetologica 62 (1): 71-89 - get paper here
  • Ineich, I. 1999. Reptiles & Amphibiens de la République de Djibouti. BNDB, UICN, PNUD, Djibouti & MNHN, Paris, 60 pp. - get paper here
  • Kornilios, P.; P. Kyriazi, N. Poulakakis, Y. Kumlutaş, Ç. Ilgaz, M. Mylonas, P. Lymberakis 2010. Phylogeography of the ocellated skink Chalcides ocellatus (Squamata, Scincidae), with the use of mtDNA sequences: A hitch-hiker’s guide to the Mediterranean. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 54 (2): 445-456 - get paper here
  • Lanza, B. 1990. Amphibians and reptiles of the Somali Democratic Republic: check list and biogeography. Biogeographia, 14: 407-465 [1988] - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2006. Lizards of Ethiopia (Reptilia Sauria): an annotated checklist, bibliography, gazetteer and identification. Tropical Zoology 19 (1): 21-109 - get paper here
  • Largen, M.J.; Spawls, S. 2010. Amphibians and Reptiles of Ethiopia and Eritrea. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 694 pp.
  • Mazuch, Tomáš 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of Somaliland and Eastern Ethiopia. Tomáš Mazuch Publishing, 80 pp. ISBN: 978-80-905439-0-4 - get paper here
  • Mertens,R. 1921. Zur Kenntnis der geographischen Formen von Chalcides ocellatus FORSKAL (Rept., Lac.). Senckenbergiana 3: 116-120 - get paper here
  • Pasteur,G. 1981. A survey of the species groups of the the old world scincid genus Chalcides. Journal of Herpetology 15 (1): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Schleich, H.H., Kästle,W., Kabisch, K. 1996. Amphibians and Reptiles of North Africa. Koeltz, Koenigstein, 627 pp.
  • Spawls, Stephen; Tomáš Mazuch & Abubakr Mohammad 2023. Handbook of Amphibians and Reptiles of North-east Africa. Bloomsbury, 640 pp. - get paper here
 
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