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Chalcides viridanus (GRAVENHORST, 1851)

IUCN Red List - Chalcides viridanus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaScincidae, Scincinae, Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Tenerife skink, Canaryan Cylindrical Skink 
SynonymGongylus viridanus GRAVENHORST 1851: 348
Chalcides viridanus — BOULENGER 1887: 402
Chalcides polylepis occidentalis STEINDACHNER 1900
Chalcides viridanus — STEINDACHNER 1891
Chalcides viridanus — BISCHOFF 1985
Chalcides viridanus — BROWN & PESTANO 1998
Chalcides viridanus — SINDACO & JEREMČENKO 2008
Chalcides viridanus — SPEYBROECK et al. 2020 
DistributionCanary Islands (Tenerife, La Gomera, El Hierro), Madeira  
Reproductionovovivparous 
TypesSyntypes: MNHW (also as MPUW), 3 specimens (fate unknown), Teneriffe, purchased Bescke. Description also cites specimens (in MNHN) refereed to Varieties D and E of Gongylus ocellatus by Duméril & Bibron (1839), and tentatively, one or more specimens cited by Lacépède, which become syntypes by bibliographic reference. See also Borczyk & Skawiński 2019. 
Diagnosis 
CommentDistribution: Does not occur on Gran Canaria (PASTEUR 1981).

Subspecies: Chalcides viridanus coeruleopunctatus SALVADOR 1975 has been elevated to full species status. 
References
  • Altmann, W. 1985. Über die Haltung und Fortpflanzung des Kanarenskinks, Chalcides viridanus (GRAVENHORST, 1851). Sauria 7 (1): 25-26 - get paper here
  • Bischoff, W. 1985. Die Herpetofauna der Kanarischen Inseln. III. Die Skinke der Gattung Chalcides. Herpetofauna 7 (36): 13-21 - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang 2010. A list of the herpetological type specimens in the Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Bonn. Bonn zoological Bulletin 59: 79-108 - get paper here
  • Borczyk B, Skawiński T. 2019. Tracking down the lizards from Gravenhorst's collection at the University of Wrocław: type specimens of Callopistes maculatus Gravenhorst, 1838 and three Liolaemus species rediscovered. PeerJ 7:e6525 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1887. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) III. Lacertidae, Gerrhosauridae, Scincidae, Anelytropsidae, Dibamidae, Chamaeleontidae. London: 575 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G. A. 1892. On newly-discoverded East African chameleons, with remarks on some other reptiles described by Dr. Steindachner. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (6) 9: 72. - get paper here
  • BROWN, R. P.; R. CAMPOS-DELGADO and J . PESTANO 2000. Mitochondrial DNA evolution and population history of the Tenerife skink Chalcides viridanus. Molecular Ecology 9: 1061–1067 - get paper here
  • BROWN, R.P. and J. PESTANO 1998. Phylogeography of skinks (Chalcides) in the Canary Islands inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequences. Molecular Ecology 7: 1183-1191 - get paper here
  • Brown, Richard P; Matthew Woods; Roger S Thorpe 2017. Historical volcanism and within-island genetic divergence in the Tenerife skink (Chalcides viridanus). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 122 (1): 166–175 - get paper here
  • Carranza, S.; E.N. Arnold, Ph. Geniez, J. Roca and J.A. Mateo 2008. Radiation, multiple dispersal and parallelism in the skinks, Chalcides and Sphenops (Squamata: Scincidae), with comments on Scincus and Scincopus and the age of the Sahara Desert. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1071-1094 - get paper here
  • Evenhuis, T. 2006. La Gomera: Herpetologische waarnemingen, November 2005. Lacerta 64 (2): 64-75 - get paper here
  • Gravenhorst, J. L. C. 1851. Über die im Zoologischen Museum der Universität Breslau Befindlichen Wirtelschleichen (Pseudosaura), Krüppelfüssler (Brachypoda), und einige andere, Denselben verwandte Reptilien aus den Zünften der Schleichen und Dickzüngler [Euprepes striolatus]. Acta Acad. Caes. Leop. Carol. Nat. Cur. 23 (1): 291-394 [1847] - get paper here
  • Lanza,B. 1957. Su alcuni "Chalcides" del Marocco (Reptilia: Scincidae). Monit. Zool. Italiano 65: 85-98
  • Nogales M, De Leon L, Gomez R 1998. On the presence of the endemic skink Chalcides simonyi Steind., 1891 in Lanzarote (Canary Islands). Amphibia-Reptilia 19 (4): 427-430 - get paper here
  • Pasteur,G. 1981. A survey of the species groups of the the old world scincid genus Chalcides. Journal of Herpetology 15 (1): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Rogner, Manfred 1997. Die Chalcides-Arten der Kanarischen Inseln. DATZ 50 (1): 116-119
  • Salvador, A. 1975. Los Eslizones de la Isla de Gomera. Bol. Est. centr. Ecol. (Madrid) 4 (8): 83-85 - get paper here
  • Sánchez-Hernández, Paula, Miguel Molina-Borja, and Martha P. Ramírez-Pinilla 2013. Annual Reproductive Cycle in the Scincid Lizard Chalcides viridanus from Tenerife, Canary Islands. Current Herpetology Aug 2013, Vol. 32, No. 2: 170-181. - get paper here
  • Schlüter, U. 2010. Pflege und Nachzucht des Nördlichen Kanarenskinks (Chalcides viridanus) Terraria (25) 5 (5): 42-47.
  • Siebenrock, Friedrich 1892. Zur Kenntnis des Kopfskeletes der Scincoiden, Anguiden und Gerrhosauriden. Annalen des Königlichen Kaiserlichen Naturhistorischen Hofmuseum in Wien (Wien), 7 (3): 163-196 - get paper here
  • Sindaco, R. & Jeremcenko, V.K. 2008. The reptiles of the Western Palearctic. Edizioni Belvedere, Latina (Italy), 579 pp. - get paper here
  • Speybroeck, Jeroen; Wouter Beukema, Christophe Dufresnes, Uwe Fritz, Daniel Jablonski, Petros Lymberakis, Iñigo Martínez-Solano, Edoardo Razzetti, Melita Vamberger, Miguel Vences, Judit Vörös0, Pierre-André Crochet 2020. Species list of the European herpetofauna – 2020 update by the Taxonomic Committee of the Societas Europaea Herpetologica.. Amphibia-Reptilia 41: 139-189 - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1891. Ueber die Reptilien und Batrachier der westlichen und oestlichen Gruppe der Kanarischen Inseln. Ann. K.K. Hofmuseums Wien 6: 287-306 - get paper here
 
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