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Chamaeleo zeylanicus LAURENTI, 1768

IUCN Red List - Chamaeleo zeylanicus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaChamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Indian chameleon 
SynonymChamaeleo zeylanicus LAURENTI 1768: 46
Chamaeleo zebra BORY DE ST. VINCENT 1823
Chamaeleo coromandelicus FITZINGER 1843
Chamaeleo vulgaris var. marmoratus GRAY 1865
Chamaeleo zeylonicus — JERDON 1853 (n. emend. pro Chamaeleo zeylanicus LAURENTI 1768)
Chamaeleo ceylonicus — STOLICZKA 1872 (n. emend. pro Chamaeleo zeylanicus LAURENTI 1768)
Chamaeleo (Chamaeleo) zeylanicus — NECAS 1999: 113
Chamaeleo zeylanicus — TILBURY & TOLLEY 2009
Chamaeleo zeylanicus — TILBURY 2010: 539
Chamaeleo zeylanicus — CAMPBELL & DENZER 2020 
DistributionSri Lanka, India (Gujarat, Maharashtra, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Southern plains of the Ganges, Tamil Nadu, Telangana, Haryana), Pakistan

Highest Elevation Range is up to 1842 meters asl (Abinesh & Vishnu 2022).

Type locality: Ceylon (= Sri Lanka), restricted by Mertens 1969.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesType: unlocated; based on Seba (1734) I; plate 82, fig. 3.
Syntypes: NHMUK 1946.8.22.3–4 (Previously NHMUK 1860.3.19.1038–9), halfgrown, coll. Sykes [marmoratus] 
Diagnosis 
Comment 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Abinesh, Anbazhagan, and Sreedharan Nair Vishnu. 2022. An Asian Chameleon (Chamaeleo zeylanicus)(Laurenti) from high-elevation shola vegetation in Upper Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India. Reptiles & Amphibians 29. 1: 157-158
  • Barry, A.T. 1936. The Common Chamaeleon (Chamaeleon zeylanicus) in Gujarat. J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 38: 201-202 - get paper here
  • Bhupathy, Subramanian & N. Sathishkumar 2013. Status of reptiles in Meghamalai and its environs, Western Ghats, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 5 (15): 4953-4961 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1890. The Fauna of British India, Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Batrachia. Taylor & Francis, London, xviii, 541 pp. - get paper here
  • CAMPBELL, PATRICK D; WOLFGANG DENZER 2020. Annotated catalogue of chameleon types in the collection of the Natural History Museum, UK (NHMUK) (Reptilia: Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). Zootaxa 4742 (3): 481–500 - get paper here
  • Captain, A. 2005. Chamaeleo zeylanicus (LAURENTI). Sauria 27 (4): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Chaudhuri, Anirban, Arpita Dutta and Jayaditya Purkayastha. 2015. Chamaeleo zeylanicus (Indian chameleon) clutch size. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 629-630 - get paper here
  • Das, Indraneil & Abhijit Das 2017. A Naturalist’s Guide to the Reptiles of India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. John Beaufoy Publishing Ltd., Oxford, 176 pp.
  • Dutta, S.K., M.V. Nair, P.P. Mohapatra and A.K. Mahapatra. 2009. Amphibians and reptiles of Similipal Biosphere Reserve. Regional Plant Resouce Centre, Bhubaneswar, Orissa, India - get paper here
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Ganesh S.R., Bubesh Guptha 2021. Herpetological diversity in the Central Eastern Ghats, Peninsular India. Journal of Animal Diversity 3 (3): 18-44 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; A. Kalaimani, P. Karthik, N. Baskaran, R. Nagarajan & S.R.Chandramouli 2018. Herpetofauna of Southern Eastern Ghats, India – II From Western Ghats to Coromandel Coast. Asian Journal of Conservation Biology, July 2018. Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 28-45 - get paper here
  • Ganesh, S.R.; S. Bhupathy, P. Karthik, G. Babu Rao & S. Babu 2020. Catalogue of herpetological specimens from peninsular India at the Sálim Ali Centre for Ornithology & Natural History (SACON), India. JoTT 12 (9): 16123–16135 - get paper here
  • Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1865. Revision of the genera and species of Chamaeleonidae, with the description of some new species. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1864: 465-479. - get paper here
  • Ingle, Mukesh 2020. Herpetofauna of the Amarkantak Plateau in central India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 27 (3): 397-410 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, D. M. S. S., M. A. J. S. Nawaratne & A. A. T. Amarasinghe 2009. A review of the distribution and conservation status of Chamaeleo zeylanicus Laurenti, 1768 (Reptilia: Chamaeleonidae) from north-western Sri Lanka. Taprobanica 1 (2): 115-122 - get paper here
  • Karunarathna, Suranjan D. M. S. and A. A. Thasun Amarasinghe 2011. A PRELIMINARY SURVEY OF THE REPTILE FAUNA IN NILGALA FOREST AND ITS VICINITY, MONARAGALA DISTRICT, SRI LANKA. Taprobanica 3 (2): 69-76 - get paper here
  • Khan, M. S. 2014. Herpetology of Pakistan FIELD GUIDE SERIES: Families Agamidae, Chamaeleonidae. Privately published, 39 pp. - get paper here
  • Khanduri, S., Thirumurugan, V., CS, V., Chinnasamy, R., Das, A., & Talukdar, G. 2022. A note on opportunistic records of reptiles from the Moyar River Valley Landscape, Tamil Nadu, southern India. Journal of Animal Diversity 4 (4) - get paper here
  • Laurenti, J. N. 1768. Specimen medicum, exhibens synopsin reptilium emendatam cum experimentis circa venena et antidota reptilium austracorum, quod authoritate et consensu. Vienna, Joan. Thomae, 217 pp. - get paper here
  • Macey, J. Robert; Jennifer V. Kuehl, Allan Larson, Michael D. Robinson, Ismail H. Ugurtas, Natalia B. Ananjeva, Hafizur Rahman, Hamid Iqbal Javed, Ridwan Mohamed Osman, Ali Doumma, Theodore J. Papenfuss 2008. Socotra Island the forgotten fragment of Gondwana: Unmasking chameleon lizard history with complete mitochondrial genomic data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (3): 1015-1018 - get paper here
  • Manhas, Amit; Rajni Raina, and Ashwani Wanganeo 2018. Reptilian diversity of the Bhopal Region in the State of Madhya Pradesh in central India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (2): 104–114 - get paper here
  • Murthy, T.S.N. 2010. The reptile fauna of India. B.R. Publishing, New Delhi, 332 pp.
  • Nečas, Petr 1999. Chameleons - Nature's Hidden Jewels. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt; 348 pp.; ISBN 3-930612-04-6 (Europe)<br>ISBN 1-57524-137-4 (USA, Canada)
  • Palot, M.J. 2015. A checklist of reptiles of Kerala, India. Journal of Threatened Taxa 7(13): 8010–8022 - get paper here
  • Parshad, B. 1913. Extension of range of the Chameleon. J. Bombay nat. Hist. Soc. 23: 370 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; and Raju Vyas 2019. Reptiles of Gujarat, India: Updated Checklist, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Herpetology Notes 12: 765-777 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; Raju Vyas, Bhautik Dudhatra, Vaibhav Naik, Ashish Chavda, Devendra Chauhan, Amit Vaghashiya, Ramesh Vagadiya and Pranav Vaghashiya 2019. Preliminary report on Herpetofauna of Mount Girnar, Gujarat, India. Journal of Animal Diversity 1 (2): 9–35 - get paper here
  • Patel, Harshil; Raju Vyas, Vaibhav Naik, Bhautik Dudhatra & Shantilal K. Tank 2018. Herpetofauna of the Northern Western Ghats of Gujarat, India. Zoology and Ecology, DOI: 10.1080/21658005.2018.1499237 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, W.; Tamm, K. & Wallikewitz, E. 2010. Chamäleons - Drachen unserer Zeit. Natur und Tier Verlag, 328 pp. [review in Reptilia 101: 64, 2013] - get paper here
  • Seba, A. 1734. Locupletissimi Rerum naturalium Thesauri accurata Descriptio, et Iconibus artificiosissimus Expressio, per universam Physices Historiam. Opus, cui in hoc Rerum Genere, nullum par exstitit. Vol. 1. Janssonio-Waesbergios, Amsterdam. 178 pp. - get paper here
  • Sengupta, D. 2023. New distributional records of Asian Chameleons (Chamaeleo zeylanicus Laurenti, 1768) from the northern Aravali Hill Range, India. Reptiles & Amphibians, 30(1), e18614 - get paper here
  • Sharma, Satish Kumar and Vijay Kumar Koli 2018. Distribution of Asian Chameleons (Chamaeleo zeylanicus Laurenti 1768) in different forest types of Rajasthan, India. IRCF Reptiles & Amphibians 25 (1): 60–62 - get paper here
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  • Vivek, Sharma; Sharma Neha, Kishore Jugal, Jangir Bhanwar Lal and Sharma Krishan Kumar. 2011. New locality records of Chamaeleo zeylanicus (Laurenti) from certain semi arid areas of the Thar Desert of Rajasthan, India. Herpetology Notes 4: 287-289 - get paper here
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