You are here » home › search results › Chelydra serpentina

Chelydra serpentina (LINNAEUS, 1758)

IUCN Red List - Chelydra serpentina - Least Concern, LC
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Chelydra serpentina?

Add your own observation of
Chelydra serpentina »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaChelydridae, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Common Snapping Turtle
S: Tortuga Lagarto 
SynonymTestudo serpentina LINNAEUS 1758: 199
Testudo serpentaria — WIEDEMANN 1802 (nom. subst. pro T. serpentina L.)
Chelydra serpentina — SCHWEIGGER 1812
Chelydra lacertina SCHWEIGGER 1812
Testudo serpentina — SHAW & NODDER 1813: plate 1062
Chelonura serpentina — SAY 1824: 206
Testudo longicauda SHAW 1831 (nomen nudum)
Emysaura Serpentina — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 350
Chelonuria serpentina — KIRTLAND 1838: 167
Emys serpentina — SCHLEGEL et al. 1838: 40
Chelydra emarginata AGASSIZ 1857
Chelydra serpentina — GÜNTHER 1885: 10
Macroclemys lacertina — RHOADS 1895: 381
Devisia mythodes OGILBY 1905
Macrochelys lacertina — LARGELAMB 1907
Chelydra serpentina serpentina — STEJNEGER 1914
Chelydra serpentina osceola STEJNEGER 1918: 89
Chelydra osceola STEJNEGER 1918: 89
Chelydra serpentina osceola — MERTENS 1934
Chelydra serpentina — STEBBINS 1985: 97
Chelydra serpentina — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 130
Chelydra serpentina — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 41
Chelydra serpentina serpentina — CROTHER 2000
Chelydra serpentina osceola — CROTHER 2000
Chelydra serpentina — TTWG 2014
Chelydra serpentina — TTWG 2021 
DistributionS Canada (from Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, S Quebec, Ontario, west to Manitoba, SE Alberta, Saskatchewan),
USA (east of the Rocky Mountains and south to the Texas coast: Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine)

Type locality: “in Calidis regionibus”

Introduced to: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Oregon), Japan (Honshu), China, Taiwan  
Reproductionoviparous. Temperature-dependant sex determination (TSD) fide Nemesházi & Bókony 2023. 
TypesHolotype: lost, originally in NRM, lost according to Andersson 1900; Iverson 1986:13, cites ZIUS GA 49 (Stockholm) as the holotype.
Holotype: USNM 10369 [osceoloa] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (924 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Most subspecies of Chelydra serpentina are now considered as valid species. However, Feuer (1971) reported intergradation between Chelydra serpentina serpentina and Chelydra serpentina osceola, indicating incomplete genetic separation and therefore subspecies status. This is confirmed by Shaffer et al. (in Steyermark et al. 2008) who reject osceola as a clearly distinguishable subspecies.

Type species: Testudo serpentina LINNAEUS 1758: 199 is the type species of the genus Chelydra SCHWEIGGER 1812: 292.

Habitat: freshwater (swamps, rivers)

Genome: the 2,3 GB genome of Chelydra serpentina has been sequenced by Das et al 2020. 
EtymologyProbably named serpentina after Latin “serpens” (= snake) for its vicious bite and its often aggressive behavior.

The genus has been named after the Greek kheludros, an amphibious serpent, a kind of tortoise. 
References
  • Adams, Andrew L., Howell, Hunter J. and McDaniel, Scott S. 2017. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Diet. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 173-174 - get paper here
  • Akeret, B. 2009. Unter und über Wasser durch die Karstgewässer Floridas. Draco 10 (37): 24-29 - get paper here
  • Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20 - get paper here
  • ALLES, JAMES; JAECY BANTHER-MCCONNELL, JODIE MONTGOMERY, THANCHIRA SURIYAMONGKOL & IVANA MALI. 2022. Irrigation canals as potential dispersal routes for the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina, in the southern High Plains of New Mexico, USA. Herpetology Notes 15: 193–195. - get paper here
  • Anderson, James T.;Andrson, Ann M. 1996. Geographic Distribution. Chelydra serpentina serpentina. Herpetological Review 27 (3): 150 - get paper here
  • Anthonysamy, Whitney J. B.; Michael J. Dreslik, David Mauger, and Christopher A. Phillips 2014. A Preliminary Assessment of Habitat Partitioning in a Freshwater Turtle Community at an Isolated Preserve. Copeia Jun 2014, Vol. 2014, No. 2: 269-278. - get paper here
  • Anton, Thomas G., Cavataio, Joseph T. and Mills, Douglas 2016. New amphibian and reptile records from Illinois, USA. Herpetological Review 47 (4): 638 - get paper here
  • Aresco, Matthew J.; Joseph Travis, and Pamela S. D. MacRae 2015. Trophic Interactions of Turtles in a North Florida Lake Food Web: Prevalence of Omnivory. Copeia 2015 (2): 343-356. - get paper here
  • Armstrong, Doug P. and Ronald J. Brooks 2014. Estimating Ages of Turtles from Growth Data. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Jul 2014, Vol. 13, No. 1: 9-15. - get paper here
  • ARNÉS-URGELLÉS, CAMILA; KEITH ELLENBOGEN & PELAYO SALINAS-DE-LEÓN. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle) and CHRYSEMYS PICTA (Painted Turtle). NESTING HABITAT. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 112–113.
  • Bagatto, B.P. & R.P. Henry 1999. Aerial and Aquatic Respiration in the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Journal of Herpetology 33 (3): 490-492. - get paper here
  • Bartlett, R. D. & Bartlett, P. 1999. A Field Guide to Texas Reptiles and Amphibians. Gulf Publishing Co., Houston, Texas, 331 pp.
  • Beane, J C 2019. New geographic distribution records for reptiles from North Carolina, USA. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 538-542 - get paper here
  • Berry, G A & Pearson, L S; 2018. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Herpetological Review 49 (4): 710-711 - get paper here
  • Birkhead, R. D. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Herpetological Review 47(3): 421-422. - get paper here
  • Birkhead, Roger D. 2010. Chelydra serpentina: Diet, Frugivory. Herpetological Review 41 (3): 345 - get paper here
  • Blanchard, Frank N. 1923. The amphibians and reptiles of Dickinson County, Iowa. Iowa Studies in Natural History 10 (2): 19-26
  • Bleakney, S. 1957. A Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina serpentina, Containing Eighty-Three Eggs Copeia 1957 (2): 143. - get paper here
  • Bobbie, Colleen b., Patrick D. Moldowan and Brian A. Bobbie. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping turtle) waterfowl predation. Herpetological Review 46 (1): 77 - get paper here
  • Bocourt,M.F. 1868. Descriptions de quelques chéloniens nouveaux appartenant a la faune Mexicaine. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., (Ser. 5) 10 (Pts. 1-3), p. 121-122 - get paper here
  • Bogosian, Victor; Eric C. Hellgren, and Raymond W. Moody 2012. Assemblages of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals on an Urban Military Base in Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 57 (3): 277-284. - get paper here
  • Bonin, F., Devaux, B. & Dupré, A. 2006. Turtles of the World. English translation by P.C.H. Pritchard. Johns Hopkins University Press, 416 pp.
  • Boulenger, George A. 1902. On the southern snapping-turtle (Chelydra rossignonii, Bocourt). Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (7) 9 (49): 49-51 - get paper here
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Boyle, Sean P., Jaquelilne D. Litzgus and David Lesbarréres. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) injury. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 240-241 - get paper here
  • Braun, Andrew P. and Quinton E. Phelps 2016. Habitat Use by Five Turtle Species in the Middle Mississippi River. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 15 (1): 62-68. - get paper here
  • Brooks, R.J., M.A. Krawchuk, C. Stevens & N. Koper 1997. Testing the Precision and Accuracy of Age Estimation Using Lines in Scutes of Chelydra serpentina and Chrysemys picta Journal of Herpetology 31 (4): 521-529. - get paper here
  • Brown, G.P. & R.J. Brooks 1991. Thermal and Behavioral Responses to Feeding in Free-ranging Turtles, Chelydra serpentina Journal of Herpetology 25 (3): 273-278. - get paper here
  • Brown, G.P. & R.J. Brooks 1993. Sexual and Seasonal Differences in Activity in a Northern Population of Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina Herpetologica 49 (3): 311-318. - get paper here
  • Brown, G.P. & R.J. Brooks 1994. Characteristics of and Fidelity to Hibernacula in a Northern Population of Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1994 (1): 222-226. - get paper here
  • Brown, G.P., R.J. BrooksM.E. Siddall & S.S. Desser 1994. Parasites and Reproductive Output in the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1994 (1): 228-231. - get paper here
  • Burroughs, Robert W., Zachary S. Morris and Adam D. Marsh. 2014. Trachemys scripta (red-eared slider), Pseudemys texana (Texas river cooter), Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) feeding behavior and scavenging. Herpetological Review 45 (2): 321-322 - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E. 1935. Further records of the ecology and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the middle west. American Midland Naturalist 16 (3): 311-336 - get paper here
  • Cain, Patrick W.; Matthew D. Cross, and Richard A. Seigel 2017. Field Data and Stakeholders: Regulating the Commercial Harvest of Snapping Turtles in Maryland. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2017, Vol. 16, No. 2: 229-235. - get paper here
  • Caleb J Krueger, Fredric J Janzen, 2023. On the origin of patterns of temperature-dependent sex determination. Evolution, qpad029 - get paper here
  • Camper, Jeffrey D. 2019. The Reptiles of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, 288 pp. [review in Copeia 107 (3): 590, 2019] - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Chessman, B. C. 2024. The conundrum of turtle and tortoise basking: A critical review. Journal of Zoology - get paper here
  • Chiszar, David; Holland, Richard L.;Ristau, Carolyn;Smith, Hobart M. 1994. Chelydra serpentina serpentina (common snapping turtle). USA: Nebraska. Herpetological Review 25 (4): 162 - get paper here
  • Christiansen, J.L. & R.R. Burken 1979. Growth and maturity of the snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in Iowa Herpetologica 35 (3): 261-266. - get paper here
  • Cisneros-Heredia, D.F. 2006. Turtles of the Tiputini Biodiversity Station with remarks on the diversity and distribution of the Testudines from Ecuador. Biota Neotropica 6 (1): 1-16 - get paper here
  • Cochrane, Madaline M., Ron A. Moen and Donald J. Brown. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (3): 381 - get paper here
  • Colteaux, Benjamin C.;Derek M. Johnson 2017. Commercial harvest and export of snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) in the United States: trends and the efficacy of size limits at reducing harvest. Journal for Nature Conservation 35: 13–19 - get paper here
  • Colvin, Robert and Jeremy Dennison. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 564 - get paper here
  • Conant, Roger 1938. The Reptiles of Ohio. American Midland Naturalist 20 (1): 1-200 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Congdon, J.D., G.L. Breitenbach, R.C. van Loben Sels & D.W. Tinkle 1987. Reproduction and Nesting Ecology of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) in Southeastern Michigan Herpetologica 43 (1): 39-54. - get paper here
  • Corichi, Laura, Ashley Hedrick, Hanna Klondaris and John B. Iverson. 2014. Chelydra serpentina (common snapping turtle) unusual nesting behavior. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 686-687 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Cyrus, R.V., I.Y. Mahmoud & J. Klicka 1978. Fine Structure of the Corpus Luteum of the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1978 (4): 622-627. - get paper here
  • Das, D., Singh, S. K., Bierstedt, J., Erickson, A., Galli, G. L., Crossley, D. A., & Rhen, T. 2020. Draft Genome of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina, a Model for Phenotypic Plasticity in Reptiles. G3: Genes, Genomes, Genetics - get paper here
  • Davis, Drew R. and Backlund, Doug C. 2017. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Diet. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 174-175 - get paper here
  • Davis, Drew R., Farkas, Jillian K., Johannsen, Rachel E., Leonard, Kalie M. and Kerby, Jacob L. 2017. Distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from South Dakota, USA. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 133-137 - get paper here
  • Degenhardt, William G.; C. W. Painter, and A. H. Price 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of New Mexico. Univ. New Mexico Press, 431 pp.
  • Demers, Dominic; Emily Hawkins, Gabriel Blouin-Demers, Annie Morin 2018. Can snapping turtles be used as an umbrella species for Blanding’s turtles in Ontario, Canada? Herpetology Notes 11: 137-145 - get paper here
  • DIEFENBACHER, ERIC. 2022. Notes on the Operation of Two Types of Aquatic Remotely Operated Vehicles Used During a Mock Turtle Survey. Journal of North American Herpetology 2022(1): 20–23. - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles of Texas, second edition. Texas A&M University Press, 421 pp.
  • Dodd, C.K., Jr. & E.D. Brodie, Jr. 1975. Notes on the Defensive Behavior of the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Herpetologica 31 (3): 286-288. - get paper here
  • Doody, J. Sean and Jennifer A. Moore 2010. Conceptual model for thermal limits on the distribution of reptiles. Herp. Cons. Biol. 5 (2) - get paper here
  • Drubbel, J. 2007. De Florida bijtschildpad, Chelydra serpentina osceola, in een buitenterrarium. Lacerta 65 (3): 121-127 - get paper here
  • Ducey, Peter K.;Newman, Willis;Cameron, Kimberly D.;Messere, Michael 1998. Herpetofauna of the highly-polluted Onondaga Lake Ecosystem, Onondaga County, New York. Herpetological Review 29 (2): 118-119 - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C., and G. Bibron. 1835. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complète des Reptiles, Vol. 2. Librairie Encyclopédique de Roret, Paris, iv + 680 p. - get paper here
  • Dupuis-Desormeaux, M., McDonald, K., Moro, D., Reid, T., Agnew, C., Johnson, R., & MacDonald, S. E. 2021. A snapshot of the distribution and demographics of freshwater turtles along Toronto’s Lake Ontario coastal wetlands. Journal of Great Lakes Research 47(2): 283–294. - get paper here
  • Dustman, Emily A. 2013. Sex identification in the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina): A new technique and evaluation of previous methods. Herpetological Review 44 (2): 235-238 - get paper here
  • Dutra-Araújo, D., C. F. Moser, M. Ansolch, J. Muller and H. E. Schunemann 2016. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) alien nesting. Herpetological Review 47(3): 443. - get paper here
  • Elmberg, J. 1980. Herpetological observations 77-78 [in Vernon county, Wisconsin]. Fältbiologerna Umea.
  • ELSEY, RUTH M. & STEVEN G. PLATT. 2021. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). BASKING. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 628. - get paper here
  • Elston, Jonathan; Virginie Rolland, and Stanley E. Trauth 2016. Urban Ditch Characteristics Associated with Turtle Abundance and Species Richness. Herp. Cons. Biol. 11 (1) - get paper here
  • Ernst, C H; Gibbons J W; Novak S S 1988. Chelydra Schweigger. Snapping turtles. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 419: 1-4 - get paper here
  • ERNST, CARL H.; ARNDT F. LAEMMERZAHL AND SANDRA D'ALESSANDRO 2014. Relationship of environmental temperatures and activity of Chelydra serpentina in Southeastern Pennsylvania, USA. Herpetological Bulletin (127) - get paper here
  • Ernst, Carl H.; Lovich, Jeffrey E. 2009. Turtles of the United States and Canada, 2nd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 827 pp. - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Ervin, E L & Mahrdt, C R; 2019. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Predatory encounter. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 120-121 - get paper here
  • Escribano, J.M. 2003. Chelydra serpentina - The Snapping Turtle. Reptilia (GB) (28): 56-59 - get paper here
  • Feuer, R.C. 1971. Intergradation of the snapping turtles Chelydra serpentina (Linnaeus, 1758) and Chelydra serpentina osceola Stejneger, 1918. Herpetologica 27: 379-384 - get paper here
  • Finkler, M.S. 2001. Rates of Water Loss and Estimates of Survival Time under Varying Humidity in Juvenile Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 2001 (2): 521-525. - get paper here
  • Finkler, M.S. 2006. Does Variation in Soil Water Content Induce Variation in the Size of Hatchling Snapping Turtles (Chelydra Serpentina)? Copeia 2006 (4): 769-777. - get paper here
  • Finkler, M.S. & D.L. Claussen 1997. Use of the tail in Terrestrial Locomotor Activities of Juvenile Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1997 (4): 884-887. - get paper here
  • Finkler, M.S. & D.L. Claussen 1997. Within and Among Clutch Variation in the Composition of Chelydra serpentina Eggs with Initial Egg Mass Journal of Herpetology 31 (4): 620-624. - get paper here
  • Finkler, M.S., J.T. Bowen, T.M. Christman & A.D. Renshaw 2002. Effects of Hydric Conditions during Incubation on Body Size and Triglyceride Reserves of Overwintering Hatchling Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 2002 (2): 504-510. - get paper here
  • Finkler, Michael S. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 44 (3): 473 - get paper here
  • Finneran, L.C. 1947. A Large Clutch of Eggs of Chelydra serpentina serpentina (Linnaeus) Herpetologica 3 (5): 182. - get paper here
  • Flaherty, James P., Michael C. Fulbright and C. M. Gienger. 2013. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 44 (3): 473 - get paper here
  • Flaherty, K.L., J.T. Anderson & E.D. Michael 2008. Adult Survivorship and Capture Probability of the Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Journal of Herpetology 42 (1): 202-205. - get paper here
  • Fleet, Robert R.;Rainwater, Fred C. 1998. Geographic distribution. Chelydra serpentina serpentina. Herpetological Review 29 (4): 247 - get paper here
  • Force, Edith R. 1928. A Preliminary Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Tulsa County. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 8: - get paper here
  • Fornelino, M.M. 2003. Chelydra serpentina acutirostris - Biology and conservation of the the Snapping turtle in Nicaragua and Costa Rica. Reptilia (GB) (28): 60-65 - get paper here
  • Fowler, H. W. 1913. An Interesting Form of the Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Copeia 1913 (1): 1-2 - get paper here
  • Frick, Michael G.;Lindsay, Anne M. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Chelydra serpentina. Herpetological Review 28 (2): 94 - get paper here
  • Froese, A.D. & G.M. Burghardt 1975. A Dense Natural Population of the Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra s. serpentina) Herpetologica 31 (2): 204-208. - get paper here
  • Galbraith, D.A. & R.J. Brooks 1987. Addition of Annual Growth Lines in Adult Snapping Turtles Chelydra serpentina Journal of Herpetology 21 (4): 359-363. - get paper here
  • Galbraith, D.A., R.J. Brooks & M.E. Obbard 1989. The Influence of Growth Rate on Age and Body Size at Maturity in Female Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 1989 (4): 896-904. - get paper here
  • Gibbons J W; Novak S S; Ernst C H 1988. Chelydra serpentina (Linnaeus). Snapping turtle. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 420: 1-4 - get paper here
  • Gibbons, J. Whitfield 2013. A Long-Term Perspective of Delayed Emergence (aka Overwintering) in Hatchling Turtles: Some They Do and Some They Don't, and Some You Just Can't Tell. Journal of Herpetology Jun 2013, Vol. 47, No. 2: 203-214. - get paper here
  • Gibbons, J.W. 1968. Growth Rates of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina, in a Polluted River Herpetologica 24 (3): 266-267. - get paper here
  • Graham, T.E. 1978. Preliminary Notes on Locomotor Behavior in Juvenile Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina, under controlled conditions Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 14(4): 266-268. - get paper here
  • Graham, T.E. & R.W. Perkins 1976. Growth of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra s. serpentina, in a Polluted marsh Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 12(4): 123-125. - get paper here
  • Grant, Chapman 1937. Herpetological notes from Central Kansas. American Midland Naturalist 18 (3): 370-372 - get paper here
  • Gray,J.E. 1873. Notes on the tortoises of the ‘Zoology of Mexico’ of MM.A. Duméril and Bocourt. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (4) 12: 109-114 - get paper here
  • Graziano, Matt; David Weisenbeck and David S. McLeod 2019. A Herpetological Survey of the Edith J. Carter Arboretum at James Madison University (Harrisonburg, Virginia). Catesbeiana 39 (2): 97-107 - get paper here
  • Green, N.B., & Pauley, T.K. 1987. Amphibians and reptiles in West Virginia. Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 241 pp.
  • GRYCHTA, U. & R. GRYCHTA 1994. Die Sonographie als Hilfsmittel bei unsicheren Tastbefunden bei Schnappschildkröten der Gattung Chelydra SCHWEIGGER, 1812. Sauria 16 (4): 37-38 - get paper here
  • GULETTE, ALISSA L.; DONALD J. BROWN & JAMES T. ANDERSON. 2022. Geographic distribution: CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). USA: WEST VIRGINIA: Upshur Co. Herpetological Review 53 (3): 440–441.
  • Günther, A. C. L. G. 1885. Reptilia and Batrachia. Biologia Centrali-Américana. Taylor, & Francis, London, 326 pp. [published in parts from 1885-1902; reprint by the SSAR 1987] - get paper here
  • Haas, A. 1985. Ganzjährige Freilandhaltung der Schnappschildkröte Chelydra serpentina serpentina (LINNAEUS, 1758) im süddeutschen Raum (Testudines: Chelydridae). Salamandra 21 (1): 1-9 - get paper here
  • HARALSON, LUCAS & LUKE PEARSON. 2021. Twenty-five County Records for Freshwater Turtles in Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 592–593. - get paper here
  • HARALSON, LUCAS; LUKE PEARSON & GABRIELLE BERRY 2021. Multiple County Records for Freshwater Turtles in Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 99–100
  • Hartzell, S M; 2019. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Mortality. Herpetological Review 50 (3): 556 - get paper here
  • Hartzell, S. M. 2016. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) foraging behavior. Herpetological Review 47(3): 444. - get paper here
  • Hartzell, Sean M. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) basking height. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 242 - get paper here
  • Hartzell, Sean M. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) diet and foraging behavior. Herpetological Review 46 (3): 422 - get paper here
  • Hartzell, Sean M. and Michael B. Hartzell. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Herpetological Review 47 (1): 79 - get paper here
  • HAYDT, NATALIE T.; DANIEL J. HOCKING & SEAN STERRETT. 2022. Spatial Capture–Recapture Derived Turtle Capture Probabilities and Densities in the Chesapeake and Ohio Canal. Journal of Herpetology 56(2): 203–210. - get paper here
  • Heinen, Joel T. 2014. Chelydra serpentina (common snapping turtle) nesting aggregation. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 685-686 - get paper here
  • Hibbitts, Troy D. and Terry L. Hibbitts 2016. Texas Turtles & Crocodilians: a Field Guide. University of Texas Press, Austin, Texas. xvi + 276 pp., 117 photos, 36 maps. ISBN 978-1477307779.
  • Higareda, G.P. 1978. New Localities and a State Record for Chelydra s. rossignoni (Testudinea-Chelydridae) in Mexico Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 14(1): 47. - get paper here
  • HIll, Robert L. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Herpetological Review 47 (1): 79 - get paper here
  • Hobert, Justin; Montgomery, Chad; Childers, Theresa; Manzer, Jerry D.; Bergman, Enoch; Sifert, James; Hill, Ben; Mackessy, Stephen P. 1998. Geographic Distribution. Chelydra serpentina serpentina. Herpetological Review 29 (2): 109 - get paper here
  • Hotaling, E.C., D.C. Wilhoft & S.B. McDowell 1985. Egg Position and Weight of Hatchlnig Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina, in Natural Nests Journal of Herpetology 19 (4): 534-536. - get paper here
  • Hudson, Bryan D., Zach I. Felix, Justin Oguni, Brad Wilson, Kira McEntire, Theresa Stratmann, Daniel D. Duff and Zack Seymour. 2015. New geographic distributional records of amphbians and reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 595-596 - get paper here
  • Hughes, G N; Kennedy, M Q & Litzgus, J D; 2019. Preliminary assessment of the success of rehabilitation in snapping turtles (Chelydra serpentina) through post-release measures of spatial behavior and body condition. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 58-62 - get paper here
  • Humphrey, Rosanne;Chiszar, David;Smith, Hobart M. 1995. Chelydra serpentina. Herpetological Review 26 (2): 106 - get paper here
  • Hunter, M.L., Jr., Albright, J., & Arbuckle, J., eds. 1992. The amphibians and reptiles of Maine. Maine Agric. Experiment Station, Orono, Bull. 838 188 pp.
  • Iverson, J B & Hedrick, A R 2018. Pelvic constraint on egg size is unlikely in snapping turtles (Chelydridae; Chelydra). Herpetological Review 49 (3): 450-452 - get paper here
  • Iverson, J B & Lewis, E L; 2019. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Growth and maturity. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 119-120 - get paper here
  • Iverson, J.B., H. Higgins, A. Sirulnik & C. Griffiths 1997. Local and Geographic Variation in the Reproductive Biology of the Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Herpetologica 53 (1): 96-117. - get paper here
  • IVERSON, JOHN B. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). NEST STRUCTURE. Herpetological Review 53 (3): 482–484.
  • Jamniczky, H. A. and A. P. Russell 2007. Reappraisal of Patterns of Nonmarine Cryptodiran Turtle Carotid Circulation: Evidence From Osteological Correlates and Soft Tissues. Journal of Morphology 268:571–587 - get paper here
  • Janzen, Frederick J. 1992. Heritable variation for sex ratio under environmental sex determination in the common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Genetics 131: 155-161
  • Jensen, John B.; Carlos D. Camp, Whit Gibbons, & Matt J. Elliott 2008. Amphibians and reptiles of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, 575 pp.
  • JOHNSON, AARON C.; RYAN E. GLASFORD, MACKENZIE L. MCBRIDE, AMY K. SHOOK, JOSEPH B. GRIZZLE, ASHLEY N. TRIPLETT, … JOHN L. CARR. 2021. New Distribution Records for Turtles in Northern Louisiana, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 588–591. - get paper here
  • Johnston, G. R. & Suarez, E. 2012. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) diet. Herpetological Review 43: 326 - get paper here
  • Jones D, Foshee B, Fitzgerald L 2021. A herpetological survey of Edith L. Moore Nature Sanctuary. Check List 17(1): 27-38 - get paper here
  • Jones, Brian D. and Philip A. Cochran. 2014. Chrysemys picta (painted turtle) and Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) interspecific interactions. Herpetological Review 45 (2): 311-312 - get paper here
  • Joyce, Walter G.; James F. Parham , Tyler R. Lyson , Rachel C. M. Warnock and Philip C. J. Donoghue 2013. A Divergence Dating Analysis of Turtles Using Fossil Calibrations: An Example of Best Practices. Journal of Paleontology, 87(4):612-634 - get paper here
  • Jungnickel, J. 1987. Die Gattung Chelydra - Ein Überblick, Teil 3 - Nachzucht in Gefangeschaft. Sauria 9 (4): 21-23 - get paper here
  • Jungnickel, J. 1987. Die Gattung Chelydra - Ein Überblick, Teil 2 - Haltung in Gefangenschaft. Sauria 9 (3): 9-12 - get paper here
  • Jungnickel, J. 1987. Die Gattung Chelydra - Ein Überblick. Sauria 9 (2): 15-18 - get paper here
  • Jungnickel, J. 1988. Die Gattung Chelydra - Ein Überblick, Teil 4 - Beziehungen zum Menschen. Sauria 10 (1): 7-9 - get paper here
  • Kenow, K.P., J.M. Kapfer & C.E. Korschgen 2009. Predation of Radio-Marked Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos) Ducklings by Eastern Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) and Western Fox Snakes (Pantherophis vulpinus) on the Upper Mississsippi River Journal of Herpetology 43 (1): 154-158. - get paper here
  • King, Rachel L., Elizabeth M. Schlimm and Lora L. Smith. 2014. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) winter drought behavior. Herpetological Review 45 (3): 482 - get paper here
  • King, Richard B.; Oldham, Michael J.; Weller, Wayne F.; Wynn, Douglas. 1997. Historic and current amphibian and reptile distributions in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie. American Midland Naturalist 138(1):153-173 - get paper here
  • Kinneary, J.J. 1992. The Effect of Water Salinity on Growth and Oxygen Consumption of Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Hatchlings from an Estuarine Habitat Journal of Herpetology 26 (4): 461-467. - get paper here
  • Kinneary, J.J. 1993. Salinity Relations of Chelydra serpentina in a Long Island Estuary Journal of Herpetology 27 (4): 441-446. - get paper here
  • Kinneary, Joseph J. K 2021. Perspectives on Salinity, Immunity, and the Common Snapping Turtle. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 20 (1): 144–148. - get paper here
  • Kirtland, J. P. 1838. Report on the zoology of Ohio. [reptiles pp. 167 ff] Second annual report on the geological survey of the state of Ohio : 188-200 - get paper here
  • Klueh-Mundy, Sarabeth and Jason Mirtl. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 45 (2): 279 - get paper here
  • Klueh-Mundy, Sarabeth, Jason Mirtl, Carolyn Straiker and Harold Allison. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 251-252 - get paper here
  • Knight, T.W., J.A. Layfield & R.J. Brooks 1990. Nutritional Status and Mean Selected Temperature of Hatchling Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina): Is There a Thermophilic Response to Feeding? Copeia 1990 (4): 1067-1072. - get paper here
  • Köhler, G. 2000. Reptilien und Amphibien Mittelamerikas, Bd 1: Krokodile, Schildkröten, Echsen. Herpeton Verlag, Offenbach, 158 pp.
  • Köhler, G. 2008. Reptiles of Central America. 2nd Ed. Herpeton-Verlag, 400 pp.
  • Krysko, K.K.; Enge, K.M.; Donlan, E.M.; Golden, E.Z.; Burgess, J.P. & Larson, K.W. 2009. THE NON-MARINE HERPETOFAUNA OF KEY BISCAYNE, FLORIDA. Herp. Cons. Biol. 5 (1):132-142 - get paper here
  • Lambert, Max R. and Geoffrey S. J. Giller. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle), Chrysemys picta picta (eastern painted turtle), Sternotherus odoratus (eastern musk turtle), Trachemys scripta elegans (red-eared slider) urban population density. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 242-243 - get paper here
  • Lapointe, J 2018. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Nesting range expansion. Herpetological Review 49 (2): 316-317 - get paper here
  • Largelamb, H. A. 1907. Notes on the remarkable habits of certain turtles and lizards. National Geographic 18(6):413-419
  • Lawniczak, C.J. & M.A. Teece 2005. Spatial Mobilization of Calcium and Magnesium from the Eggshell of the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Journal of Herpetology 39 (4): 659-664. - get paper here
  • Lee, J. C. 2000. A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of the Maya world. Cornell University Press, Ithaca,
  • Legler, J.M.& Vogt, R.C. 2013. The Turtles of Mexico: Land and Freshwater Forms. University of California Press, 416 pp. - get paper here
  • Lehmann, H. D. 1966. Daten zur Fortpflanzung von Chelydra serpentina in Gefangenschaft. Salamandra 2 (1-2): 1-5 - get paper here
  • Lescher, Timothy C.; Zuleyma Tang-Martínez, and Jeffrey T. Briggler 2012. Habitat Use by the Alligator Snapping Turtle (Macrochelys temminckii) and Eastern Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in Southeastern Missouri. The American Midland Naturalist Jan 2013, Vol. 169, No. 1: 86-96. - get paper here
  • Lewis, E L & Iverson, J B 2018. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Diet. Herpetological Review 49 (3): 522-524 - get paper here
  • LINDEMAN, PETER V. 2021. Fifteen New County Records for River Turtles in the Ohio River Drainage of West Virginia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 362–363
  • Lindemann, S B; O'Brien, A M & Putnam, D E; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) USA: Maine: Piscataquis Co. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 99 - get paper here
  • Linnaeus, C. [= Linné, C. von] 1758. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiæ. 10th Edition: 824 pp. - get paper here
  • Loncke, D.J. & M.E. Obbard 1977. Tag Success, Dimensions, Clutch Size and Nesting Fidelity for the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia, Testudines, Chelydridae) in Algonquin Park, Ontario, Canada Journal of Herpetology 11 (2): 243-244. - get paper here
  • Lönnberg, Einar 1894. Notes on reptiles and batrachians collected in Florida in 1892 and 1893. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1003): 317-339 - get paper here
  • Lourenço, João M.; Julien Claude, Nicolas Galtier, Ylenia Chiari 2011. Dating cryptodiran nodes: Origin and diversification of the turtle superfamily Testudinoidea. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 62 (1): - get paper here
  • Love, B. 2008. Schildkröten in Schwierigkeiten. Reptilia (Münster) 13 (69): 16-17 - get paper here
  • Loveridge, A. & B. Shreve 1947. The "New Guinea" Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 1947 (2): 120-123. - get paper here
  • Lovich, J.E. & Jaworski, T.R. 1988. Annotated checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles reported from Cedar Bog, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 88 (4): 139-143 - get paper here
  • Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Carl H. Ernst, Evelyn M. Ernst, and Julia L. Riley 2014. A 21-Year Study of Seasonal and Interspecific Variation of Hatchling Emergence in a Nearctic Freshwater Turtle Community: To Overwinter or Not To Overwinter? Herpetological Monographs, 28: 93-109 - get paper here
  • Lynch, J.D. 1985. Annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nebraska. Nebraska Acad. of Sci., Lincoln, Trans. 13: 33-57.
  • Mahmoud, I.Y. & J. Klicka 1975. Extra-Uterine Egg Migration in a Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina serpentina Journal of Herpetology 9 (2): 242-243. - get paper here
  • Mahmoud, I.Y. & R.V. Cyrus 1992. The Testicular Cycle of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina, in Wisconsin Herpetologica 48 (2): 193-201. - get paper here
  • Major, P.D. 1975. Density of Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina in Western West Virginia Herpetologica 31 (3): 332-335. - get paper here
  • Martin, W. 1831. Notes of a dissection of the Alligator Tortoise (Chelydra serpentina, Schweig.). Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1831: 129-131
  • Massey, Melanie D.; Justin D. Congdon, Christina Davy & Njal Rollinson 2019. First Evidence of Metabolic Heating in a Freshwater Turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2019 Vol. 18, No. 2: 145-152 - get paper here
  • MCALLISTER, C. T 2020. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle). Diet. Herpetological Review 51: 107-108.
  • McALPINE, DONALD F.; CONSTANCE L. BROWNE & JAN RIDDELL. 2021. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). HATCHLING OVERWINTERING MORTALITY. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 125–126. - get paper here
  • McCoy, C. J.; Oscar A. Flores-Villela, Richard C. Vogt, Michael Pappas & J. Kelly McCoy 2020. Ecology of Riverine Turtle Communities in the Southern United States: Food Resource Use and Trophic Niche Dimensions Chelonian Conservation and Biology 19 (2): 197-208 - get paper here
  • McKnight, C.M. & W.H.N. Gutzke 1993. Effects of the Embryonic Environment and of Hatchling Housing Conditions on Growth of Young Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 1993 (2): 475-482. - get paper here
  • Medem, F. 1977. Contribucion al conocimiento sobre la taxonomia, distribucion geografica y ecologia de la tortuga "bache" (Chelydra serpentina acutirostris). Caldasia 12 (56): 41-101. - get paper here
  • Merrill, Loren. 2014. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) ritualized aggressive behavior. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 686 - get paper here
  • Miller, K. 1993. The Improved Performance of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Hatched from Eggs Incubated on a Wet Substrate Persists through the Neonatal Period Journal of Herpetology 27 (2): 228-233. - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J. C. & Reay, K.K. 1999. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Virginia. Specialty Publication 1, VA Dept of Game and Fisheries, 122 pp. - get paper here
  • Moll, D. & F.J. Dodd, Jr. 1985. New Records for Chelydra serpentina rossignoni in Belize Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 21(1): 34-37. - get paper here
  • Moriarty, John J.; and Carol D. Hall 2014. Amphibians and Reptiles in Minnesota. University of Minnesota Press, 372 pp.
  • Morris, K.A., G.C. Packard, T.J. Boardman, G.L. Paukstis & M.J. Packard 1983. Effect of the Hydric Environment on Growth of Embryonic Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Herpetologica 39 (3): 272-285. - get paper here
  • Mosimann, James E.;Bider, J. Roger 1960. Variation, sexual dimorphism, and maturity in a Quebec population of the common snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina. Canadian Journal of Zoology 38: 19-38 - get paper here
  • Munscher, Eric C., Andrew D. Walde, Nicole Salvatico and Brian Bower. 2016. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) State size record. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 121 - get paper here
  • Munscher, Eric; Andrew D. Walde, Elizabeth M. Walton, Nicole Salvatico, Brian P. Butterfield, Wayne Osborne, Collin McAvinchey, J. Brian Hauge 2017. Turtle survey of Weeki Wachee Springs State Park reveals more than mermaid. Herpetology Notes 10: 601-609 - get paper here
  • Murphy, Chris. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 45 (3): 459 - get paper here
  • Nelson, S.K., Ogle, R.M. & Moxley, B.D. 2018. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Diet and Shelter. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 105. - get paper here
  • Nowak, Meerbusch Dirk. 2005. Das Gewachshaus als Großterrarium für Wasserschildkröten der gemäßigten Klimazonen - am Beispiel eines 12m großen Gewächshauses für drei Schnappschildkroten (Chelydra serpentina serpentina) in Nordrheein-Westfalen. Schildkröten im Fokus 2 (2): 31-34
  • Obbard, M.E. & R.J. Brooks 1980. Nesting Migrations of the Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Herpetologica 36 (2): 158-162. - get paper here
  • Obbard, M.E. & R.J. Brooks 1987. Prediction of the onset of the Annual Nesting Season of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Herpetologica 43 (3): 324-328. - get paper here
  • Otten, Joshua G. and Terry J. VanDeWalle. 2014. Apalone spinifera (spiny softshell turtle), Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle), and Sternotherus odoratus (eastern musk turtle) homing behavior. Herpetological Review 45 (2): 309-311 - get paper here
  • Páez, V.P. et al. 2002. Guía de campo de algunas especies de anfibios y reptiles de Antioquia. Universidad de Antioquia, - get paper here
  • Palmer, W.M. & Braswell, A.L. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. Univ. North Carolina Press
  • PANDELIS, GREGORY G.; COREY E. ROELKE & NEIL R. BALCHAN. 2021. Eleven New County Records for Reptiles and Amphibians in Texas, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 101–102.
  • Parandhaman, Anjana, Ivana Mali and Michael R. J. Forstner. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 564 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1862. Über einen neuen Phyllodactylus aus Guayaquil. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1862 (November): 626-627 - get paper here
  • Petokas, P.J. & M.M. Alexander 1980. The Nesting of Chelydra serpentina in Northern New York Journal of Herpetology 14 (3): 239-244. - get paper here
  • Phillips, JG 2016. Updated Geographic Distributions of Michigan Herpetofauna: a Synthesis of Old and New Sources. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2016: 45–69 - get paper here
  • Piczak, Morgan L.; Chantel E. Markle & Patricia Chow-Fraser 2019. Decades of Road Mortality Cause Severe Decline in a Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Population from an Urbanized Wetland. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2019 Vol. 18, No. 2: 231-240 - get paper here
  • Pierson, T. 2012. Geographic distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 43: 302 - get paper here
  • Platt, S.G. & Rainwater, T.R. 2018. Chelydra serpentina (Common Snapping Turtle) Scavenging. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 105-106. - get paper here
  • PLATT, STEVEN G.; ELIZABETH A. MEASURES, DAVID M. ROHR, KYAW THU ZAW WINT & THOMAS R. RAINWATER. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle) and CHRYSEMYS PICTA (Painted Turtle). NESTING HABITAT. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 112–114.
  • POWELL, ALEXIS F. L. A.; MICHAEL S. MAHR, JENNIFER L. BUCHANAN, JUSTIN J. AUTZ & GREG SIEVERT 2021. New County and Drainage Records of Turtles in Waterways of Eastern Kansas, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 584–587. - get paper here
  • Punzo, F. 1975. Studies on the Feeding Behavior, Diet, Nesting Habits and Temperature Relationships of Chelydra serpentina osceola (Chelonia: Chelydridae) Journal of Herpetology 9 (2): 207-210. - get paper here
  • Raney, E.C. & R.A. Josephson 1954. Record of combat in the Snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1954 (3): 228. - get paper here
  • Reeves, Dan. 2012. Swamp Thing: How I learned to stop worrying and love Chelydra serpentina. The Canadian Herpetologist 2 (1): 10-11
  • Reinke, B. A. and D. H. Klinges 2017. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Behavior. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 423 - get paper here
  • Reynolds, Robert P.; Steve W. Gotte, and Carl H. Ernst 2007. Catalog of Type Specimens of Recent Crocodilia and Testudines in the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 626: 1-49 - get paper here
  • Rhoads, Samuel N. 1895. Contributions ot the zoology of Tennessee. No. 1, Amphibians and Reptiles. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 1895: 376-407 - get paper here
  • Rieppel, O. 1993. Studies on Skeleton Formation in Reptiles - Patterns of Ossification in the Skeleton of Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia, Testudines). Journal of Zoology 231 ( Part 3): 487-509 - get paper here
  • Rieppel, O. 1993. Studies on skeleton formation in reptiles. Patterns of ossification in the skeleton of Chelydra serpentina (Reptilia, Testudines). Journal of Zoology - get paper here
  • Rimkus, T.A., N. Hruska & R.A. Ackerman 2002. Separating the Effects of Vapor Pressure and Heat Exchange on Water Exchange by Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Eggs Copeia 2002 (3): 706-715. - get paper here
  • Robinson, C. & J.R. Bider 1988. Nesting Synchrony – A Strategy to Decrease Predation of Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Nests Journal of Herpetology 22 (4): 470-473. - get paper here
  • Roh, Brian R. 1994. Chelydra serpentina serpentina (common snapping turtle). USA: Nebraska. Herpetological Review 25 (4): 162-163 - get paper here
  • Rollinson, Njal; Melanie D. Massey, Maya Meron, Jessica A. Leivesley 2019. A Low-Cost, Efficient, and Precise Technique to Quantify Key Life Cycle Events in Nests of Oviparous Reptiles. Journal of Herpetology 53 (4): 302-309 - get paper here
  • Rollinson, Njal; Robert G. Farmer, Ronald J. Brooks 2012. Widespread reproductive variation in North American turtles: temperature, egg size and optimality. Zoology 115 (3): 160-169 - get paper here
  • Rose, Francis L. and Michael F. Small 2015. Population size, survivorship, density, and capture probability of Chelydra serpentina inhabiting an urban environment. Southwestern Naturalist Sep 2014, Vol. 59, No. 3: 331-336. - get paper here
  • Rouleau, Carter J.; Melanie D. Massey & Njal Rollinson 2019. Temperature Does Not Affect Hatch Timing in Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina). Journal of Herpetology 53 (2): 165-169 - get paper here
  • Rowe, John W.; William P. Mulligan; Chelsea E. Martin; Tyler M. Goerge; Mark A. Bunce 2020. Spatial and Thermal Ecology of Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) in a Small, Dystrophic Lake in Central Michigan Chelonian Conservation and Biology 19 (1): - get paper here
  • Rutherford, P.L., Malcolm, C.D., Meadows, K., Burke, M. & Pratt, S. 2017. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) Movement and flood response. Herpetological Review 48 (3): 619-621. - get paper here
  • RUTHERFORD, RYNE D. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). PREDATION. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 306.
  • RUTHERFORD, RYNE D. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). DIET. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 305–306.
  • Saumure, Raymond A. 1996. Geographic Distribution. Chelydra serpentina serpentina. Herpetological Review 27 (3): 150 - get paper here
  • Say, T. 1824. On the fresh water and land Tortoises of the United States. J. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 4 (2): 203-219 - get paper here
  • Schlauch, Frederick C. 1968. Long Island Turtles of the Family Chelydridae. Bull. Maryland Herp. Soc. 4 (1): 7 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, D. 2009. Die Schnappschildkröte Chelydra serpentina. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 64 pp. - get paper here
  • Schuett, G.W. & R.E. Gatten, Jr. 1980. Thermal Preference in Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Copeia 1980 (1): 149-152. - get paper here
  • Schweigger, A.F. 1812. Prodromus Monographia Cheloniorum auctore Schweigger. Königsberg. Arch. Naturwiss. Mathem., 1: 271-368, 406-458.
  • Seburn, David C. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping turtle) winter mortality. Herpetological Review 46 (1): 77-78 - get paper here
  • Secor, S.M. & J. Diamond 1999. Maintenance of Digestive Performance in the Turtles Chelydra serpentina, Sternotherus odoratus, and Trachemys scripta Copeia 1999 (1): 75-84. - get paper here
  • Self, J. 1938. Note on the Food Habits of Chelydra serpentina Copeia, 1938(4), 200-200 - get paper here
  • SENTER, PHILIP J. 2022. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). STAIR CLIMBING. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 306–307.
  • SETHNA, JADYN M.; MELANIE HAIRE & JOSEPH R. MENDELSON III. 2021. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle), TRACHEMYS SCRIPTA (Pond Slider), and TERRAPENE CAROLINA (Eastern Box Turtle). ANTICIPATORY BEHAVIOR. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 388–389. - get paper here
  • Shaw, George & Nodder, Frederick P. (Eds.) 1813. The Naturalist's Miscellany [...], Vol. XXIV. London, Nodder & Co., plates 1021-1064, 170 unnumbered pages [published in monthly issues between August 1, 1812, and July 1, 1813] - get paper here
  • Shoemaker, Christina M.; David Crews 2009. Analyzing the coordinated gene network underlying temperature-dependent sex determination in reptiles. Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology 20: 293–303 - get paper here
  • Sims, P.A., G.C. Packard & P.L. Chapman 2001. The Adaptive Strategy for Overwintering by Hatchling Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) Journal of Herpetology 35 (3): 514-517. - get paper here
  • Smith, Christopher E. and Gary S. Casper. 2015. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) hunting behavior. Herpetological Review 46 (2): 241-242 - get paper here
  • SMITH, GEOFFREY R.; JOHN B. IVERSON & JESSICA E. RETTIG. 2022. Do observed sex ratios in a turtle community in northern Indiana vary over 35 years (1979–2014)? Amphib. Reptile Conserv. 16(1): 193–202. - get paper here
  • Smith, Geoffrey R.; John B. Iverson, and Jessica E. Rettig 2018. Frequency of Propeller Damage in a Turtle Community in a Northern Indiana, USA, Lake: a Long-term Study. Herp. Cons. Biol. 13 (3): 691–699 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M.;Leonard, Arthur B. 1934. Distributional records of reptiles and amphibians in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 15: 190-196 - get paper here
  • Staljanssens, Peter & Nijs, Jef 2002. Captive care and reproduction of the common snapping turtle, Chelydra s. serpentina Podarcis 3 (2): 34-42 - get paper here
  • STARCK, J. MATTHIAS & JEANETTE WYNEKEN. 2022. Comparative and Functional Anatomy of the Ectothermic Sauropsid Heart. Veterinary Clinics: Exotic Animal Practice 25(2): 337–366. - get paper here
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Stegemann, L.C. 1955. An Abnormal Carapace in the Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1955 (3): 255. - get paper here
  • Stejneger, L. 1918. Description of a new Snapping turtle and a new lizard from Florida. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 31: 89-92 - get paper here
  • STEVENSON, DIRK J. et al. 2021. New County Records for Amphibians and Reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 350-359
  • Steyermark, A.C. & J.R. Spotila 2001. Effects of Maternal Identity and Incubation Temperature on Hatching and Hatchling Morphology in Snapping Turtles, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 2001 (1): 129-135. - get paper here
  • Steyermark, A.C. & J.R. Spotila 2001. Body temperature and Maternal Identity affect Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) Righting Response Copeia 2001 (4): 1050-1057. - get paper here
  • Steyermark, Anthony C.; Michael S. Finkler, and Ronald J. Brooks (eds.) 2008. THE BIOLOGY OF THE [COMMON] SNAPPING TURTLE. Johns Hopkins University Press, 240 pp. - get paper here
  • Stollery, S; Flood, N M & Weber, A S; 2019. Chelydra serpentina (Snapping Turtle) and Chrysemys picta (Painted Turtle) Interspecific basking. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 347-348 - get paper here
  • Strain, Gabriel F.; James T. Anderson, Edwin D. Michael, and Philip J. Turk 2012. Hibernacula Use and Hibernation Phenology in the Common Snapping Turtle (Chelydra serpentina) in Canaan Valley, West Virginia. Journal of Herpetology 46 (2): 269-274. - get paper here
  • Taylor-Young, M. 2011. The Guide to Colorado Reptiles and Amphibians. Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, 169 pp.
  • Temminck, C. J., and H. Schlegel. 1838. Reptilia elaborantibus. Saurii et batrachii. in Ph. Fr. de Siebold: Pp. 85-144. Fauna Japonica auctore. L. Batavorum. - get paper here
  • Thomas, Robert A., Isaac Wyatt and Seth Wyatt. 2013. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) diet. Herpetological Review 44 (3): 500-501 - get paper here
  • Thomas, Travis M., Eric Suarez and Kevin M. Enge. 2015. New county records of reptiles from the Suwannee River, Florida, USA. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 608 - get paper here
  • Thompson, Molly M.; Brittney H. Coe, Justin D. Congdon, Dean F. Stauffer, and William A. Hopkins 2017. Nesting Ecology and Habitat Use of Chelydra serpentina in an Area Modified by Agricultural and Industrial Activity. Herp. Cons. Biol. 12 (1): - get paper here
  • Thomson, Robert C.; Andrew M. Shedlock, Scott V. Edwards and H. Bradley Shaffer 2008. Developing markers for multilocus phylogenetics in non-model organisms: A test case with turtles. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 49 (2): 514-525 - get paper here
  • Thornton, Okla W., Jr.;Smith, Jerry R. 1993. New county records of amphibians and reptiles from West-Central Texas. Herpetological Review 24 (1): 35-36 - get paper here
  • Truelock, Zach. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (4): 564 - get paper here
  • TTWG [Peter Paul van Dijk, John B. Iverson, Anders G.J. Rhodin, H. Bradley Shaffer, and Roger Bour] 2014. Turtles of the World, 7th Edition: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution with Maps, and Conservation Status. 000.v7. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v7.2014 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • van Devender, T.R. & N.T. Tessman 1975. Late Pleistocene Snapping Turtles (Chelydra serpentina) from Southern Nevada Copeia 1975 (2): 249-253. - get paper here
  • VanDeWalle, Terry 2022. The Natural History of the Snakes and Lizards of Iowa. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, Iowa, 384 pp. ISBN: 978-1- 609388-37-9. [review in HR 54 (1): 151] - get paper here
  • Vigle, G.O. 1978. AN ALBINO CHELYDRA SERPENTINA SERPENTINA CREPTILIA:TESTUDINES: CHELYDRIDAE) FROM OHIO. Herpetological Review 9 (2): 47 - get paper here
  • Villamizar-Gomez, Andrea, Ivana Mali, Shashwat Sirsi and Michael R. J. Forstner. 2015. Geographic Distribution: Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). Herpetological Review 46 (3): 381 - get paper here
  • Walker, DeEtte;Moler, Paul E.;Buhlmann, Kurt A.;Avise, John C. 1998. Phylogeographic uniformity in mitochondrial DNA of the snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina). Animal Conservation 1: 55-60 - get paper here
  • WEBER, ANDREW S. 2021. CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). ANTHROPOGENIC MORTALITY. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 388. - get paper here
  • Weber, Andrew S. and James B. Layzer. 2014. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle) interspecific basking. Herpetological Review 45 (1): 117 - get paper here
  • Weisenbeck, D. R., Nelson, E. M., & McLeod, D. S. 2022. Herpetological inventory at Sweet’s Farm in Highland County, Virginia. Banisteria, 56, 118-136 - get paper here
  • WELC, MATTHEW & GROVER J. BROWN III. 2021. Geographic distribution: CHELYDRA SERPENTINA (Snapping Turtle). USA: FLORIDA: Holmes Co. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 79. - get paper here
  • Werning, H. 2009. Florida - ein kleiner herpetologischer Reiseführer. Draco 10 (37): 4-23 - get paper here
  • White, J.B. & G.G. Murphy 1973. The Reproductive Cycle and Sexual Dimorphism of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina serpentina Herpetologica 29 (3): 240-246. - get paper here
  • Wilgenbusch, J.C. & D.T. Gantz 2000. The Effects of Hormonally Induced Oviposition on Egg Viability in the Common Snapping Turtle Chelydra serpentina Herpetologica 56 (1): 1-7. - get paper here
  • Wilgers, D.J.; Horne, E.A.; Sandercock, B.K. & Volkmann, A.W. 2006. Effects of rangeland management on community dynamics of the herpetofauna of the Tall-grass Prairie [Flint Hills, Kansas/Oklahoma]. Herpetologica 62 (4): 378-388 - get paper here
  • Wilhoft, D.C., E. Hotaling & P. Franks 1983. Effects of temperature on sex determination in embryos of the snapping turtle, Chelydra serpentina Journal of Herpetology 17 (1): 38-42. - get paper here
  • Williams, E. E. 1959. Cervical ribs in turtles. Breviora (101): 1-13 - get paper here
  • Wilson, Allan K. 1994. Chelydra serpentina (snapping turtle). USA: Illinois. Herpetological Review 25 (1): 32 - get paper here
  • Wilson, D.S. et al. 2003. Estimating age of turtles from growth rings: a critical evaluation of the technique. Herpetologica 59 (2): 178-194 - get paper here
  • Yntema, C.L. 1971. Incidence and Survival of Twin Embryos of the Common Snapping Turtle, Chelydra serpentina Copeia 1971 (4): 755-758. - get paper here
  • Yntema, C.L. 1978. Incubation Times for Eggs of the Turtle Chelydra serpentina (Testudines: Chelydridae) at Various Temperatures Herpetologica 34 (3): 274-277. - get paper here
  • Zimmer-Shaffer, Stephanie A., Jeffrey T. Briggler, and Joshua J. Millspaugh 2014. Modeling the Effects of Commercial Harvest on Population Growth of River Turtles. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2014, Vol. 13, No. 2: 227-236. - get paper here
  • ZUG, G.R. 2013. Reptiles and Amphibians of the Pacific Islands. University of California Press, Berkeley, 306 pp. - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Chelydra&species=serpentina

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator