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Chelydra serpentina (LINNAEUS, 1758)

IUCN Red List - Chelydra serpentina - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaChelydridae, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Common Snapping Turtle
S: Tortuga Lagarto 
SynonymTestudo serpentina LINNAEUS 1758: 199
Testudo serpentaria — WIEDEMANN 1802 (nom. subst. pro T. serpentina L.)
Chelydra serpentina — SCHWEIGGER 1812
Chelydra lacertina SCHWEIGGER 1812
Testudo serpentina — SHAW & NODDER 1813: plate 1062
Chelonura serpentina — SAY 1824: 206
Testudo longicauda SHAW 1831 (nomen nudum)
Emysaura Serpentina — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 350
Chelonuria serpentina — KIRTLAND 1838: 167
Emys serpentina — SCHLEGEL et al. 1838: 40
Chelydra emarginata AGASSIZ 1857
Chelydra serpentina — GÜNTHER 1885: 10
Macroclemys lacertina — RHOADS 1895: 381
Devisia mythodes OGILBY 1905
Macrochelys lacertina — LARGELAMB 1907
Chelydra serpentina serpentina — STEJNEGER 1914
Chelydra serpentina osceola STEJNEGER 1918: 89
Chelydra osceola STEJNEGER 1918: 89
Chelydra serpentina osceola — MERTENS 1934
Chelydra serpentina — STEBBINS 1985: 97
Chelydra serpentina — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 130
Chelydra serpentina — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 41
Chelydra serpentina serpentina — CROTHER 2000
Chelydra serpentina osceola — CROTHER 2000
Chelydra serpentina — TTWG 2014
Chelydra serpentina — TTWG 2021 
DistributionS Canada (from Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, S Quebec, Ontario, west to Manitoba, SE Alberta, Saskatchewan),
USA (east of the Rocky Mountains and south to the Texas coast: Colorado, Montana, New Mexico, Rhode Island, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, Nebraska, Kansas, Oklahoma, Texas, Minnesota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Wisconsin, Illinois, Michigan, Indiana, Ohio, Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Maryland, Delaware, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, New York, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, Maine)

Type locality: “in Calidis regionibus”

Introduced to: USA (Arizona, California, Nevada, Oregon), Japan (Honshu), China, Taiwan  
Reproductionoviparous. Temperature-dependant sex determination (TSD) fide Nemesházi & Bókony 2023. 
TypesHolotype: lost, originally in NRM, lost according to Andersson 1900; Iverson 1986:13, cites ZIUS GA 49 (Stockholm) as the holotype.
Holotype: USNM 10369 [osceoloa] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (924 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSubspecies: Most subspecies of Chelydra serpentina are now considered as valid species. However, Feuer (1971) reported intergradation between Chelydra serpentina serpentina and Chelydra serpentina osceola, indicating incomplete genetic separation and therefore subspecies status. This is confirmed by Shaffer et al. (in Steyermark et al. 2008) who reject osceola as a clearly distinguishable subspecies.

Type species: Testudo serpentina LINNAEUS 1758: 199 is the type species of the genus Chelydra SCHWEIGGER 1812: 292.

Habitat: freshwater (swamps, rivers)

Genome: the 2,3 GB genome of Chelydra serpentina has been sequenced by Das et al 2020. 
EtymologyProbably named serpentina after Latin “serpens” (= snake) for its vicious bite and its often aggressive behavior.

The genus has been named after the Greek kheludros, an amphibious serpent, a kind of tortoise. 
References
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