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Clemmys guttata (SCHNEIDER, 1792)

IUCN Red List - Clemmys guttata - Endangered, EN
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Higher TaxaEmydidae, Emydinae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Spotted Turtle
G: Tropfenschildkröte 
SynonymTestudo guttata SCHNEIDER 1792
Testudo anonyma SCHNEIDER 1792 (nomen nudum)
Testudo punctata SCHOEPFF 1792
Clemmys guttata — STRAUCH 1862
Emys guttata — SOWERBY 1872
Clemmys guttata — WRIGHT 1918: 56
Clemmys guttata — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 188
Clemmys guttata — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 50
Clemmys guttata — CROTHER 2000
Clemmys guttata — FELDMAN & PARHAM 2002
Clemmys guttata — TTWG 2014
Chelopus guttatus — fide TTWG 2017
Melanemys guttatus — fide TTWG 2017
Geoclemys guttata — fide TTWG 2017
Nanemys guttata — fide TTWG 2017
Clemmys guttata — TTWG 2017
Clemmys guttata — TTWG 2021 
DistributionCanada (S Ontario, Quebec),
USA (along the Atlantic Coastal Plain in Maine, SE New Hampshire, Massachusetts, Connecticut, S New York, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, West Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, N Florida, Ohio, Indiana, Michigan, NE Illinois)

Type locality: vicinity of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (designated by MITTLEMAN 1945)  
Reproductionoviparous. Temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesType: BMNH 1853.11.30.25 (possibly the type of Geoclemmys sebae fide P. Campbell, pers. comm., March 2019). 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2648 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentType species: Clemmys guttata is the type species of the genus Clemmys RITGEN, 1828. HOLMAN & FRITZ 2001 and FELDMAN & PARHAM 2002 suggested to treat Clemmys as a monotypic genus with C. guttata as its sole member. However, both author teams suggested different names for the other members of Clemmys (marmorata, muhlenbergii, insculpta).

Illustrations: Picture in Draco 13 (4): 96 (2003).

Habitat: freshwater (swamps, ponds, rivers)

Karyotype (genus Clemmys): 2n = 50: 16 macrochromosomes
with median or submedian centromeres, 10 macrochromosomes with terminal or subterminal centromeres, and 24 microchromosomes (Bickham, 1975). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “guttata” for spotted, referring to the scattered yellow spots on the carapace.

The genus was named after Greek clemmys (κλεμμύς), tortoise. [“...Als Benennung dieser Gattung habe ich Clemmys, Diebkrotte, gewählt...”]. 
References
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  • Ernst, C.H. 1970. Reproduction in Clemmys guttata Herpetologica 26 (2): 228-232. - get paper here
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  • Ernst, C.H. 1976. Ecology of the Spotted Turtle, Clemmys guttata (Reptilia, Testudines, Testudinidae), in Southeastern Pennsylvania Journal of Herpetology 10 (1): 25-33. - get paper here
  • Ernst, C.H. 1982. Environmental Temperatures and Activities in Wild Spotted Turtles, Clemmys guttata Journal of Herpetology 16 (2): 112-120. - get paper here
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  • Ernst, Carl H. 1972. Clemmys guttata. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (124): 1-2 - get paper here
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  • Howell, Hunter J. and Richard A. Seigel 2018. An Examination of the Accuracy of Using Plastral Scute Rings to Age Spotted Turtles (Clemmys guttata). Chelonian Conservation and Biology Jun 2018, Vol. 17, No. 1: 104-108. - get paper here
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  • Howell, Hunter J., Donald G. McKnight and Richard A. Seigel. 2016. A novel method of collecting Spotted Turtles (Clemmys guttata). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 202-205 - get paper here
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  • Litzgus, J.D. & R.J. Brooks 1998. Reproduction in a Northern Population of Clemmys guttata Journal of Herpetology 32 (2): 252-259. - get paper here
  • Litzgus, J.D. & R.J. Brooks 2000. Habitat and Temperature Selection of Clemmys guttata in a Northern Population Journal of Herpetology 34 (2): 178-185. - get paper here
  • Litzgus, J.D. & T.A. Mousseau 2003. Multiple Clutching in Southern Spotted Turtles, Clemmys guttata Journal of Herpetology 37 (1): 17-23. - get paper here
  • Litzgus, J.D. & T.A. Mousseau 2004. Home range and seasonal activity of Southern Spotted Turtles (Clemmys guttata): Implications for management Copeia 2004 (4): 804-817. - get paper here
  • Litzgus, Jacqueline D. & Timothy A. Mousseau 2006. Geographic variation in reproduction in a freshwater turtle (Clemmys guttata). Herpetologica 62 (2): 132-140 - get paper here
  • Litzgus, Jacqueline D., Frances Bolton and Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde. 2008. Reproductive output depends on body condition in spotted turtles, Clemmys guttata. Copeia 2008 (1): 86-92 - get paper here
  • Litzgus, Lacqueline D.;Brooks, Ronald J. 1998. Testing the validity of counts of plastral scute rings in spotted turtles, Clemmys guttata. Copeia 1998 (1): 222-225 - get paper here
  • Lovich, J.E. 1988. Geographic Variation in the Seasonal Activity Cycle of Spotted Turtles, Clemmys guttata Journal of Herpetology 22 (4): 482-485. - get paper here
  • Lovich, J.E. & Jaworski, T.R. 1988. Annotated checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles reported from Cedar Bog, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 88 (4): 139-143 - get paper here
  • Lovich, Jeffrey E.; Carl H. Ernst, Evelyn M. Ernst, and Julia L. Riley 2014. A 21-Year Study of Seasonal and Interspecific Variation of Hatchling Emergence in a Nearctic Freshwater Turtle Community: To Overwinter or Not To Overwinter? Herpetological Monographs, 28: 93-109 - get paper here
  • Manns, B. 1969. Notes on Clemmys guttata as a scavenger in a Parkville, Maryland pond Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 5(2): 57. - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2006. Chelonian Illustrations # 24 - North American Wood and Pond Turtles. Reptilia (GB) (44): 83-86 - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1949. Copulation of Clemmys guttata and Pseudemys troostii elegans Herpetologica 5 (6): 150. - get paper here
  • Merkle, D. A. 1975. A taxonomic analysis of the Clemmys complex (Reptilia: Testudines) utilizing starch gel electrophoresis. Herpetologica 31 (2): 162-166 - get paper here
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  • ULTSCH, G. R., AND D. M. CARROLL 2020. Climate Change and the Timing of Emergence from Hibernation of Spotted Turtles (Clemmys guttata) in Southeastern New Hampshire. Herpetological Review 51: 18-20.
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  • Ward, F. P.;Hohmann, C. J.;Ulrich, J. F.;Hill, S. E. 1976. Seasonal microhabitat selections of spotted turtles (Clemmys guttata) in Maryland elucidated by radioisotope tracking. Herpetologica 32 (1): 60-64 - get paper here
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  • Wright, A.H. 1918. Notes on Clemmys. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 31: 51-58 - get paper here
  • Yagi, Katharine T. and Jacqueline D. Litzgus 2012. The Effects of Flooding on the Spatial Ecology of Spotted Turtles (Clemmys guttata) in a Partially Mined Peatland. Copeia 2012 (2): 179-190. - get paper here
 
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