Cnemaspis pemanggilensis GRISMER & DAS, 2006
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Cnemaspis pemanggilensis
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| Higher Taxa | Gekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | E: Pemanggil Island Rock Gecko |
| Synonym | Cnemaspis pemanggilensis GRISMER & DAS 2006 Cnemaspis pemanggilensis — GRISMER 2011 Cnemaspis pemanggilensis — GRISMER et al. 2014: 111 |
| Distribution | Malaysia (Johor: Pulau Pemanggil, 0-250 m elevation) Type locality: the base of Batu Buau, a small rocky hill behind Kampung Buau on the west side of Pulau Pemanggil, Johor, West Malaysia, elevation 100 m. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Holotype: ZRC 2.6043, adult male, collected by Jesse L. Grismer on 27 March 2002. |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis: Maximum SVL 76.0 mm; 10–13 supralabials; 8–10 infralabials; keeled ventral scales; no precloacal pores; 30–37 paravertebral tubercles; body tubercles randomly arranged, weak to absent on flanks, absent from lateral caudal furrows; ventrolateral row of caudal tubercles present anteriorly; lateral row of caudal tubercles present; caudal tubercles encircle tail; subcaudals keeled, bearing an enlarged median row of keeled scales; one or two postcloacal tubercles on each side of tail base; no enlarged femoral or subtibial scales; distal submetatarsal scales of fourth toe enlarged; subtibials keeled; 27–34 subdigital fourth toe lamellae; small, yellow spots on flanks (Tables 6,7 in GRISMER et al. 2014). Cnemaspis pemanggilensis resembles C. baueri from nearby Pulau Aur and Pulau Dayang to the south, and C. limi from nearby Pulau Tioman and Pulau Tulai to the north. It differs from C. baueri by its larger SVL (maximum 76.0 mm vs. 64.9 mm), higher number of subdigital lamellae on the fourth toe (27–31 vs. 26–27), and by having two as opposed to one postcloacal spur. Other than having white spots on the flanks, the color pattern of C. pemanggilensis closely resembles that of C. baueri except that the color of C. pemanggilensis is usually more pronounced (in the light phase) and less faded. Cnemaspis pemanggilensis differs more significantly from C. limi than it does from C. baueri by having a smaller SVL (maximum 76.0 mm vs. 88.2 mm), fewer supralabial scales (13–15 vs. 16–18), more infralabial scales (10–14 vs. 8–10), having two as opposed to one postcloacal spur, and having an enlarged median row of keeled subcaudal scales as opposed to lacking keeled subcaudals. In coloration, C. pemanggilensis differs from C. limi primarily in lacking the prominent white-tipped dorsal and caudal tubercles and by having white spots on the flanks. It resembles C. kendallii of Tioman, Tulai (Grismer et al. 2001, 2004), Seribuat, Sembilang (Wood et al. 2003a), Tinggi (Escobar et al. 2003), Babi Besar, and Sibu islands (Wood et al. 2004a,b) and Peninsular Malaysia and northwestern Borneo (Manthey and Grossmann 1997) in having an enlarged midventral row of keeled subcaudal scales but differs from C. kendallii in lacking a dark, chevron-shaped marking in the lateral abdominal region, by having 21–31 subdigital lamellae beneath the fourth toe vs. 18–23 in C. kendallii, and by having a much larger SVL (maximum 76.0 mm vs. 62.0 mm) [from GRISMER & DAS 2006]. |
| Comment | During the day, individuals were dark in color with almost no discernible pattern. During the evening, their dorsal ground color changed to light grey, which greatly accentuated a prominent series of dark transverse body bands and head stripes. Cnemaspis pemanggilensis is syntopic with Gekko monarchus. To date, this is the only species of reptile endemic to Pulau Pemanggil. Abundance: only known from its original description (Meiri et al. 2017). Distribution: See map in Grismer et al. 2014: 18 (Fig. 4). |
| Etymology | Named after the type locality. |
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