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Cnemidophorus rostralis UGUETO & HARVEY, 2010

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: La Tortuga Whiptail 
SynonymCnemidophorus rostralis UGUETO & HARVEY 2010
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus nigricolor — HUMMELINCK 1940: 83 (in part)
Cnemidophorus lemniscatus nigricolor — LAMMERÉE 1970: 54 (in part)
Cnemidophorus nigricolor — WRIGHT 1993: 79 (in part)
Cnemidophorus rostralis — HARVEY et al. 2012 
DistributionVenezuela

Type locality: Isla La Tortuga (10° 55’ N, 65° 18’ W), Dependencias Federales, Venezuela.  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 34890, San Diego Natural History Museum (Fig. 17), adult male, collected in 1939 by C. B. Perkins. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the C. lemniscatus species complex distinguished from all conge- ners by the following combination of characters: (1) maximum SVL in males 79 mm; (2) nostril usually anterior, less often slightly anterior or centered within nasal suture; (3) rostral scale pointed and projecting; (4) frontonasal hexagonal or octagonal, forming angular or semicircular sutures with nasals; (5) first supraciliary usually separated, less often in contact with prefrontal; (6) scales of circumorbital semicircles 4–8 (total of both sides) in contact with supraoculars, extending to posterior portion of third or, less often, to anterior portion of fourth supraocular; (7) 25– 38 (total of both sides) scales usually in single row, sometimes in partially doubled row between supraoculars and supraciliaries; (8) mesoptychials slightly enlarged; (9) ventrals in eight longitudinal and 30–32 transverse rows; (10) bisexual (gonochoristic); (11) brachials moderately enlarged and extending to, but decreasing in size towards, shoulder; (12) males with one anal spur at each side; spur usually somewhat narrow and moderately elongate, extending close to body; (13) 1–3 small scales between anal spurs and preanal shield; (14) subcaudals near base of tail smooth; (15) vertebral and paravertebral stripes absent; (16) adult males in life jet black, with brownish cast on sides of head and with or without 20–33 faint, almost invisible pale spots on flanks; (17) females in life uniformly gray-brown with or without 21–30 small, very faint pale spots; (18) juvenile color pattern like that of adult females [from UGUETO & HARVEY 2010].


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Comment 
EtymologyThe specific name rostralis is a Latin adjective, meaning ‘‘belonging to the snout’’ and alluding to the pointed rostral scale characteristic of this species. 
References
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Ugueto, Gabriel N. and Michael B. Harvey 2010. Southern Caribbean Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae): Description of New Species and Taxonomic Status of C. murinus ruthveni Burt. Herpetological Monographs 24 (1): 111-148 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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