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Crotalus estebanensis KLAUBER, 1949

IUCN Red List - Crotalus estebanensis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaViperidae, Crotalinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: San Esteban Island Rattlesnake
G: San Esteban-Klapperschlange
S: Cascabel de San Esteban 
SynonymCrotalus molossus estebanensis KLAUBER 1949
Crotalus molossus estebanensis — CLIFF 1954
Crotalus molossus estebanensis — LINER 1994
Crotalus estebanensis — GRISMER 1999
Crotalus molossus estebanensis — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008
Caudisona (Smythus) estebanensis — HOSER 2009
Crotalus estebanensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 190
Crotalus estebanensis — DIAZ DE LA VEGA-PÉREZ 2016
Crotalus estebanensis — HEIMES 2016
Crotalus estebanensis — JOHNSON et al. 2017
Crotalus estebanensis — GARCÍA-PADILLA et al. 2025 
DistributionMexico (Sonora: Isla San Esteban)

Type locality: "San Esteban Island, Gulf of California, Mexico".  
Reproductionovoviviparous. 
TypesHolotype: SDNHM = SDSNH 26792. 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1662 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentVenomous! GRISMER (1999) elevated estebanensis to full species status based on morphology and coloration using an evolutionary species concept. 
EtymologyNamed after the type locality. 
References
  • Beaman, K.R. & Hayes, W.K. 2008. Rattlesnakes: Research Trends and Annotated Checklist. In: Hayes et al. (eds), The biology of rattlesnakes. Loma Linda University Press, pp. 5-16
  • Cliff, Frank S. 1954. Snakes of the islands in the Gulf of California, Mexico. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 12 (5): 67-98 - get paper here
  • Díaz de la Vega-Pérez, Aníbal H., Víctor H. Jimenez-Arcos, Rafael A. Lara-Resendiz, Fausto R. Méndez-de la Cruz and Ali Rabatsky. 2016. Crotalus estebanensis. Activity and thermoregulation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 739–741 - get paper here
  • Enderson, Erik F.; Adrian Quijada-Mascareñas; Dale S. Turner; Philip C. Rosen & Robert L. Bezy 2009. The herpetofauna of Sonora, Mexico, with comparisons to adjoining states. Check List 5 (3): 632–672 - get paper here
  • García-Padilla, E., Heredia-López, I., Villalobos-Juárez, I., Lazcano, D., & Fucsko, L. A. 2025. Notes on the Herpetofauna of Mexico 48: From Sacred to Scorned---A Study of the Mexican Rattlesnake’s Changing Status. Bulletin of the Chicago Herpetological Society, 60(3), 25-30 - get paper here
  • GARCÍA-PADILLA, ELI; JORGE H. VALDEZ VILLAVICENCIO, ANNY PERALTA GARCÍA 2018. Las Serpientes de Cascabel más allá del continente. Especies - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee. 1999. An evolutionary classification of reptiles on islands in the Gulf of California, México. Herpetologica 55 (4): 446-469 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Hoser, R. 2009. A reclassification of the rattlesnakes; species formerly exclusively referred to the genera Crotalus and Sistrurus. Australasian J. Herpetol. 3: 1-21 - get paper here
  • Johnson, J. D., L. D. Wilson, V. Mata-Silva, E. García-Padilla, and D. L. DeSantis. 2017. The endemic herpetofauna of Mexico: organisms of global significance in severe peril. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4 (3): 544–620 - get paper here
  • Klauber, Laurence M. 1949. Some new and revived subspecies of rattlesnakes. Transactions of the San Diego Society of Natural History 11 (6): 61-116 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Rorabaugh JC 2019. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sonora, Mexico, with updated species lists. ZooKeys 829: 131-160 - get paper here
  • Liner, E.A. 1994. Scientific and common names for the Amphibians and Reptiles of Mexico in English and Spanish. Herpetological Circular 23: 1-113
  • Reyes-Velasco J., Cox C. L., Jones J. M., Borja M. & Campbell J. A. 2022. How many species of rattlesnakes are there in the Crotalus durissus species group (Serpentes: Crotalidae)? Revista Latinoamericana de Herpetología 5 (1): 43-55 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
 
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