Crotalus ruber COPE, 1892
Can you confirm these amateur observations of Crotalus ruber?
Crotalus ruber
Find more photos by Google images search: 
| Higher Taxa | Viperidae, Crotalinae, Serpentes (snakes) |
| Subspecies | Crotalus ruber exsul GARMAN 1884 Crotalus ruber ruber COPE 1892 Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis RADCLIFF & MASLIN 1975 Crotalus ruber lucasensis VAN DENBURGH 1920 |
| Common Names | E: Red Diamond Rattlesnake; exsul: Cedros Island Rattlesnake; lorenzoensis: San Lorenzo Island Rattlesnake; lucasensis: San Lucan Rattlesnake; ruber: Red Diamond Rattlesnake Red Rattlesnake [monserratensis] G: Rote Diamant-Klapperschlange |
| Synonym | Crotalus ruber ruber COPE 1892 Crotalus adamanteus var. ruber COPE 1892: 690 Crotalus atrox ruber - STEJNEGER 1895 Crotalus atrox elegans SCHMIDT 1922 Crotalus ruber ruber KLAUBER 1949 Crotalus ruber monserratensis HARRIS & SIMMONS 1978 Crotalus ruber ruber — STEBBINS 1985: 227 Crotalus ruber ruber — LINER 1994 Crotalus ruber — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 292 Crotalus ruber ruber — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008 Hoserea (Mullinsus) ruber — HOSER 2009 Hoserea (Mullinsus) exsul — HOSER 2009 Crotalus ruber exsul GARMAN 1884 Crotalus exsul GARMAN 1884 Crotalus exsul — LINER 1994 Crotalus exsul — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 284 Crotalus ruber exsul — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008 Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis RADCLIFF & MASLIN 1975 Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis RADCLIFF & MASLIN 1975 Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis — LINER 1994 Crotalus lorenzoensis — GRISMER 1999 Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008 Hoserea (Mullinsus) lorenzoensis — HOSER 2009 Crotalus ruber lucasensis VAN DENBURGH 1920 Crotalus lucasensis VAN DENBURGH 1920 Crotalus ruber lucasensis KLAUBER 1949 Crotalus ruber lucansensis [sic] — STEBBINS 1985: 227 Crotalus ruber lucasensis — LINER 1994 Crotalus lucasensis — SHINE 1994 Crotalus ruber lucasensis — MATTISON 2007: 45 Crotalus ruber lucasensis — BEAMAN & HAYES 2008 |
| Distribution | Mexico (Baja California), USA (SW California) TYPE-LOCALITY: None given in COPE 1892. Smith and Taylor (1950) proposed "Dulzura, San Diego County, California" as a possibility and Schmidt (1953) designated "vicinity of San Diego, California." exsul: Mexico (Baja California) lorenzoensis: endemic to Isla San Lorenzo. lucasensis: S Baja California, Santa Margarita Island, San Jose Island Map legend:  - Region according to the TDWG standard, not a precise distribution map.NOTE: TDWG regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and this does not always work properly. We are working on it. |
| Types | lorenzoensis: Holotype: SDSNH 46009; paratypes SDSNH 6605, 45052, 45053. Holotype: CAS 45888 [lucasensis] Holotype: USNM 9209 [ruber] |
| Comment | Venomous! Synonymy: partly after McDIARMID et al. 1999. Crotalus atrox elegans SCHMIDT 1922 has been synonymized with C. atrox by AMARAL 1929. AMARAL 1929 also considered lucasensis as indistinguishable from either elegans or atrox. GRISMER et al. 1994 synonymized C. ruber with C. exsul but C. ruber has been given precedence by the ICZN (Opinion 1960). Subspecies: GRISMER (1999) suggested to elevate Crotalus ruber lorenzoensis to full species status based on an evolutionary species concept. Nomenclature: Smith et al. (1998) proposed to retain the name C. ruber: “The purpose of this application is to conserve the long used and well known specific name of Crotalus ruber Cope, 1892 for the red diamond rattlesnake (family Viperidae) of southern California, the peninsula of Baja California and some offshore islands, by giving it precedence over the less widely used name C. exsul Garman, 1884. The latter name refers to the rat tlesnake of the Isla de Cedros, Baja California, Mexico, which some authors now consider to be conspecific with C. ruber” [from SMITH et al. 1998]. Hoser’s 2009 classification and nomenclature has been rejected as unnecessary and unavailable by WÜSTER & BERNILS 2011. Reproduction: viviparous. Crotalus ruber has been hybridized with C. atrox (SCHMIDT 2004). |
| References |
|
| External links |
|