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Cyrtodactylus mamanwa WELTON, SILER, LINKEM, DIESMOS & BROWN, 2010

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mamanwa Bent-toed Gecko 
SynonymCyrtodactylus mamanwa WELTON, SILER, LINKEM, DIESMOS & BROWN 2010
Gymnodactylus philippinicus — GÜNTHER 1879: 76
Gymnodactylus philippinicus — BOULENGER 1885: 46 (part)
Gymnodactylus agusanensis — TAYLOR 1915: 90
Gymnodactylus agusanensis — TAYLOR 1922: 49
Cyrtodactylus agusanensis — BROWN & ALCALA 1978: 16 (part) 
DistributionPhilippines (Dinagat)

Type locality: Dinagat Island, Dinagat Province, Municipality of Loreto, Barangay Santiago, Sitio Cambinlia (Sudlon), Mt. Cambinlia (10.344° N, 125.618° E, 195 m; WGS84  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: PNM 9725 (formerly KU 310109; field no. RMB 8380), adult male, collected on 30 July 2007 by Jason B. Fernandez. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Cyrtodactylus mamanwa is distinguished from C. agusanensis by post- cloacal tubercles 4–7 (vs. 8–11); anterior– posterior dorsal band projections moderate (vs. extensive); dark dorsal band enclosing light bands (vs. light bands not enclosed); and cephalic tubercles small (vs. moderate). Cy- rtodactylus mamanwa also shows tendencies toward fewer subdigital lamellae beneath Finger III (18–23 vs. 21–24) and midbody dorsals (95–112 vs. 111–124); and a greater number of scales separating pore-bearing precloacal and femoral scales (15–21 vs. 13– 17).


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CommentSynonymy after WELTON et al. 2010. C. mamanwa was split from the C. agusanensis complex (Welton et al. 2010). 
EtymologyThe specific epithet is chosen in recognition of the rapidly disappearing southern Leyte, Dinagat, and Agusan Del Norte Province indigenous people’s group, the Mamanwa (‘‘people of the mountains’’ or ‘‘first forest dwellers’’). Believed by some archeologists and anthropologists to be the oldest tribal group in the Philippines, the history of the Mamanwa is characterized by peace; seasonal movements of clan groups to follow food sources; and recently, mass tribal migration to escape logging and mining company intrusion into their ancestral homelands. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Brown W C; Alcala A C 1978. Philippine lizards of the family Gekkonidae. Silliman University, Dumaguete City, Philippines 1978: i-vii, 1-146
  • Grismer, L. L., Wood, P. L., Poyarkov, N. A., Le, M. D., Kraus, F., Agarwal, I., ... & Grismer, J. L. 2021. Phylogenetic partitioning of the third-largest vertebrate genus in the world, Cyrtodactylus Gray, 1827 (Reptilia; Squamata; Gekkonidae) and its relevance to taxonomy and conservation. Vertebrate Zoology 71: 101–154 - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1879. List of mammals, reptiles, and batrachians sent by Mr. Everett from the Philippine Islands. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1879: 74-79 - get paper here
  • Maglangit EPT, Tapdasan RJC, Medija Jr. RC, De Alba MFP, Adamat LA, Amparado OA, Nuñeza OM, Diesmos MLL, Diesmos AC 2021. New distribution record, ecology and tail trifurcation of Cyrtodactylus mamanwa (Gekkonidae) on Dinagat Islands, Philippines. Herpetozoa 34: 175-181 - get paper here
  • Sanguila MB, Cobb KA, Siler CD, Diesmos AC, Alcala AC, Brown RM 2016. The amphibians and reptiles of Mindanao Island, southern Philippines, II: the herpetofauna of northeast Mindanao and adjacent islands. ZooKeys 624: 1–132, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.624.9814 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1915. New species of Philippine lizards. Philippine Journal of Science. 10: 89-109 - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1922. The lizards of the Philippine Islands. Department of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Bureau of Science, Government of the Philippine Islands, Manila, Publication no. 17: 269 pp. - get paper here
  • Welton, Luke J.; Cameron D. Siler, Charles W. Linkem, Arvin C. Diesmos, and Rafe M. Brown 2010. Philippine Bent-Toed Geckos of the Cyrtodactylus agusanensis Complex: Multilocus Phylogeny, Morphological Diversity, and Descriptions of Three New Species. Herpetological Monographs 24 (1): 55-85 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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