You are here » home › advanced search › search results › Diadophis punctatus

Diadophis punctatus (LINNAEUS, 1766)

IUCN Red List - Diadophis punctatus - Least Concern, LC
iNaturalist logo

Can you confirm these amateur observations of Diadophis punctatus?

Add your own observation of
Diadophis punctatus »

Find more photos by Google images search: Google images

Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesDiadophis punctatus acricus PAULSON 1966
Diadophis punctatus amabilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus arnyi KENNICOTT 1859
Diadophis punctatus docilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus dugesii VILLADA 1875
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (MERREM 1820)
Diadophis punctatus modestus BOCOURT 1866
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis punctatus pulchellus BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus punctatus (LINNAEUS 1766)
Diadophis punctatus regalis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus similis BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys COPE 1860
Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii BLANCHARD 1923 
Common NamesE: arnyi : Ringneck Snake
acricus: Key Ringneck Snake
amabilis: Pacific Ringneck Snake
arnyi: Prairie Ringneck Snake
edwardsii: Northern Ringneck Snake
modestus: San Bernardino Ringneck Snake
occidentalis: Northwestern Ringneck Snake
pulchellus: Coralbelly Ringneck Snake
punctatus: Southern Ringneck Snake
regalis: Regal Ringneck Snake
similis: San Diego Ringneck Snake
stictogenys: Mississippi Ringneck Snake
vandenburgii: Monterey Ringneck Snake
G: Halsbandnatter, Ringhalsnatter
S: Culebra de Collar 
SynonymColuber punctatus LINNAEUS 1766: 376
Natrix punctatus — MERREM 1820: 136
Homalosoma punctata — WAGLER 1830: 191
Calamaria punctata — SCHLEGEL 1837: 39
Diadophis amabilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 113
Diadophis pulchellus BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 115
Ablabes punctatus — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 310
Diadophis punctatus — JAN 1866
Diadophis punctatus — GARMAN 1884: 73
Diadophis anthonyi VAN DENBURGH & SLEVIN 1923
Diadophis amabilis anthonyi — BLANCHARD 1942: 47
Diadophis punctatus — STEBBINS 1985: 174
Diadophis punctatus — LINER 1994
Diadophis punctatus — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 599
Diadophis punctatus — MATTISON 2007: 134
Diadophis punctatus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis punctatus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 227

Diadophis punctatus punctatus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 178
Diadophis punctatus punctatus — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis punctatus punctatus — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus acricus PAULSON 1966
Diadophis punctatus acricus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 179
Diadophis punctatus acricus — CROTHER 2000: 60
Diadophis punctatus acricus — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 74
Diadophis punctatus acricus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis punctatus acricus — SUBEDI et al. 2022

Diadophis punctatus amabilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis amabilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853: 113
Diadophis punctatus var. amabilis — JAN 1866
Diadophis amabilis — COPE 1900: 746
Diadophis occidentalis BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis amabilis occidentalis — FITCH 1936
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis — STEBBINS 1985: 174
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis vandenburgii BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii — STEBBINS 1985: 174
Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis punctatus amabilis — CROTHER 2000: 60
Diadophis punctatus amabilis — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus arnyi KENNICOTT 1859
Diadophis arnyi KENNICOTT 1859
Diadophis punctatus var. Arnyi — JAN 1866
Diadophis punctatus var. arnyi — GARMAN 1884: 72
Diadophis regalis arnyi— COPE 1900: 745
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — FORCE 1928
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — BURT 1935
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — STEBBINS 1985: 174
Diadophis punctatus — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 179
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — DIXON 2000
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — CROTHER 2000: 60
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 76
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — BARTS 2006
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis punctatus arnyi — HUBBS 2016

Diadophis punctatus docilis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus var. docilis — JAN 1866
Diadophis punctatus var. docilis — GARMAN 1884: 72
Diadophis amabilis docilis — COPE 1900: 748
Diadophis regalis blanchardi SCHMIDT & SMITH 1944
Diadophis docilis — COLLINS 2008 (online)

Diadophis punctatus dugesii VILLADA 1875
Diadophis punctatus dougesii VILLADA 1875: 226
Diadophis regalis dougesii — TAYLOR 1939
Diadophis regalis dougesii — TAYLOR & SMITH 1939: 240
Diadophis dugesii — BLANCHARD 1942: 51
Diadophis dugesii — SMITH & TAYLOR 1945: 47
Diadophis punctatus dugesii — LEMOS-ESPINAL 2004: 27
Diadophis dugesi — AHUMADA-CARRILLO et al. 2020

Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (MERREM 1820)
Coluber torquatus SHAW 1802 (see comment)
[Coluber Natrix] Edwardsii (MERREM 1820: 136
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — DUNN 1920: 136
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — CONANT 1938
Diadophis punctatus edwardsi — MEHRTENS 1987: 175
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — CROTHER 2000: 60
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 72
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis punctatus edwardsii — FONTANELLA et al. 2017
Diadophis punctatus edwarsii — GRAZIANO et al. 2019 (in error)

Diadophis punctatus modestus BOCOURT 1866
Diadophis anthonyi VAN DENBURGH & SLEVIN 1923
Diadophis similis BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis punctatus modestus — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis punctatus modestus — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus occidentalis BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis amabilis occidentalis BLANCHARD 1923: 6
Diadophis punctatus pallidus COPE 1860: 250
Diadophis occidentalis — COLLINS 2008 (online)
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus pulchellus BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis punctatus var. pulchellus — JAN 1866
Diadophis pulchellus — STEJNEGER 1893: 203
Diadophis punctatus occidentalis — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis punctatus pulchellus — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis amabilis punctatus — COPE 1900: 747

Diadophis punctatus regalis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis regalis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853
Diadophis laetus JAN 1863
Diadophis punctatus var. laetus — JAN 1866
Diadophis regalis — GARMAN 1884: 73
Diadophis regalis — COCKERELL 1896: 326
Diadophis regalis regalis — COPE 1900: 744
Diadophis regalis arizonae BLANCHARD 1923: 2
Diadophis regalis regalis — JAMESON & FLURY 1949
Diadophis punctatus regalis — VAN DEVENDER & LOWE 1977
Diadophis punctatus regalis — TANNER 1985: 629
Diadophis punctatus regalis — LINER 1994
Diadophis punctatus regalis — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 180
Diadophis punctatus regalis — DIXON 2000
Diadophis punctatus regalis — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 78
Diadophis punctatus regalis — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus similis (BLANCHARD 1923)
Diadophis amabilis similis BLANCHARD 1923: 4
Diadophis amabilis similis — SMITH 1945: 47
Diadophis punctatus similis — MEHRTENS 1987: 175
Diadophis punctatus similis — LINER 1994
Diadophis punctatus similis — CROTHER et al. 2012

Diadophis punctatus stictogenys COPE 1860
Diadophis texensis KENNICOTT 1860
Diadophis texensis — GARMAN 1887: 127
Diadophis amabilis stictogenys — COPE 1900: 750
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — ALLEN 1932
Diadophis punctatus strictogenys [sic] — BURT 1935
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 179
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — CROTHER 2000: 61
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — DIXON 2000
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — TENNANT & BARTLETT 2000: 75
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — CROTHER et al. 2012
Diadophis punctatus stictogenys — GUYER et al. 2018

Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii BLANCHARD 1923
Diadophis amabilis vandenburgii BLANCHARD 1923: 5
Diadophis punctatus vandenburgii — CROTHER et al. 2012 
DistributionSE Canada (incl. Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Ontario, Quebec)
USA (California, Oregon, Illinois, New Mexico, Texas, Arizona, Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, SE/NE Minnesota, SE Colorado, SE Idaho, Utah, SE South Dakota, Iowa, Missouri, Arkansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, Florida, South Carolina, North Carolina, Virginia, West Virginia, Tennessee, Kentucky, Indiana, Illinois, Wisconsin, Ohio, Maryland, Pennsylvania, New Jersey, Michigan, New York, Rhode Island, Connecticut, Massachusetts, S New Hampshire, S Vermont, S Maine)
Mexico (incl. Aguascalientes, Queretaro, Durango, Hidalgo, Nuevo León, Coahuila, Jalisco, Chihuahua, San Luis Potosí, Sinaloa, Mexico, Sonora),
Cayman I (apparently introduced)

punctatus: USA (South Carolina); Type locality: Carolina; restricted to Charleston, South Carolina, by Schmidt, 1953; California, USA (fide GRISMER 2002).

acricus: USA (Florida); Type locality: Big Pine Key

amabilis: USA (California, Missouri ?); Type locality: San Jose, California (see Stejneger & Barbour, 1943)

anthonyi (invalid): Mexico (Baja California); Type locality: Islas Todos Santos, Baja California

arnyi: USA (Wisconsin, Kansas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Texas,Nebraska); Type locality: Hyatt, Anderson County, Kansas

docilis: USA (Texas); Type locality: between Rio San Pedro or Devil’s River and Comanche Spring, Texas

dugesii: Mexico (C Veracruz (Mirador) west to Nayarit, north to Guanajuato, south to Distrito Federal, Jalisco); Type locality: Potreros de Balbuena, near Mexico (city), Distrito Federal.

edwardsii: USA (Wisconsin, Ohio, Kentucky, Pennsylvania, West Virginia, North Carolina, Alabama, etc.); Type locality: Pennsylvania

modestus: USA (California); Type locality: California (see Stejneger & Barbour, 1943)

occidentalis: USA (South Carolina); Type locality: designated as “Charleston, South Carolina” (see Schmidt, 1953)

pulchellus: USA (California); Type locality: El Dorado County, California (see Stejneger & Barbour, 1943)

punctatus: USA (Virginia, North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia, Florida); Type locality: Carolina (in Linnaeus, 1766), but given as “Carolina and Eastern Gulf States” by Stejneger & Barbour (1943), and restricted to “Charleston, South Carolina” by Schmidt (1953)

regalis: USA (W Texas, New Mexico), Mexico (Sonora); Type locality: Sonora, Mexico

similis: USA (California); Mexico (Baja California); Type locality: San Diego, California.

stictogenys: USA (Illinois, Arkansas, E Texas, Alabama); Type locality: designated as “southern Illinois” (see Schmidt, 1953: 183)

texensis (invalid): USA (Louisiana, Texas); Type locality: “New Orleans to Galveston”

vandenburgii: USA (Ventura County to Santa Cruz County, California, fide Blanchard 1923); Type locality: “Carmel, Monterey County, California”.  
Reproductionoviparous, but occasionally viviparous (Tinkle & Gibbons 1977) 
TypesHolotype: Unknown; presumably lost.
Holotype: USNM 151831, adult female [acricus]
Holotype: USNM 2061 [amabilis]
Holotype: CAS 56766 [anthonyi]
Holotype: USNM 1968 [arnyi]
Holotype: USNM 2074 [docilis]
Holotype: unknown fide Smith & Taylor 1945: 47 [dugesii]
Syntypes: MNHN-RA 1883.0363 and MNHN-RA 1884.0364 [modestus]
Holotype: MVZ 7260, female [occidentalis]
Holotype: ANSP 3468; California, USNM 2071 (lost) [pallidus]
Holotype: USNM 2069 [pulchellus]
Holotype: USNM 2062 or 2063. USNM 2063 appears to be lost. [regalis]
Holotype: UMMZ 57897 [similis]
Syntypes: USNM 2079, 2076, 2155, 1897 [texensis]
Holotype: CAS 13748; collected by Joseph Slevin; June 20, 1907 [vandenburgii]
Holotype: USNM 103641 [Diadophis regalis blanchardi]
Holotype: USNM 62568 [Diadophis regalis arizonae]
Holotype: ANSP 3467, collector unknown [stictogenys] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (3678 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentIllustrations: Wright and Wright, 1957; Conant and Collins 1991; Ashton and Ashton, 1982, among many others.

Synonymy (edwardsii): “Merrem (1820: 136) lists Coluber (Natrix) edwardsii as his 195th species and attributes it to a synonymy of two authors: Edwards Gleanings Nat. Hist. 1764: 290, pl. 349, and Shaw Gen. Zool. 1820: 553. The description is taken verbatim from Shaw and presumably also from Edwards’ descriptions (which were not binomial). Shaw provides the first binomial description (Coluber torquatus), which is a different species from the torquatus of Lacépède. The locality is Pennsylvania so that restricts the variety to what is known as D. p. edwardsii; however, the authorship belongs to Shaw (1802), not Merrem (1820). This is a case that should be appealed for suppression by the ICZN or considered a nomen oblitum, which I believe no longer has acceptance. Unless, of course, torquatus Shaw, 1802 can be considered preoccupied by torquatus Lacépède, 1789 (which has been officially rejected by the ICZN). Before 1987 it was acknowledged that Lacépède’s name was available but Opinion 1463 changed that and made all names except three (madagascariensis, piscivores, reticulata) unavailable. This means that edwardsii 1820 is a junior synonym of torquatus 1802.” (V. Wallach, pers. comm., 17 May 2019).

Subspecies: D. amabilis, modestus, occidentalis, pulchellus, similis, and vandenburghi appear to be nearly indistinguishable and therefore are of questionable validity (C. Feldman, cited in CROTHER 2000). Using mtDNA, Fontanella et al. (2008) identified fourteen lineages of Ringneck Snakes but declined to recognize them as distinct (sub-) species, pending the acquisition of additional data from Mexican populations and the evaluation of nucleic molecular data for the entire complex. Fontanella et al. 2021 found that D. p. similis and D. p. modestus may be synonymous but they didn’t formally synonymize them.

The following distinct species are recognized by Joe Collins (CNAH): D. acricus, D. amabilis, D. arnyi, D. docilis, D. edwardsii, D. modestus, D. occipitalis, D. pulchellus, D. punctatus, D. regalis, D. stictogenys, D. texensis, based on known type localities (as they appear in Blanchard, 1942, Stejneger and Barbour, 1943, and Schmidt, 1953, plus information generously provided by Van Wallach, Walter E. Meshaka, Jr., James N. Layne, Travis W. Taggart, and Curtis J. Schmidt, pers. comms.; also see Figures 3 & 5 in Fontanella et al. for lineage designations).

The three specimens from Islas Todos Santos were originally described as D. anthonyi and differ from snakes of the adjacent peninsula in that the body tends to be more stout or robust (Blanchard 1942) and the neck ring obscure with poorly defined edges (Van Denburgh and Slevin 1923). Subsequent authors have considered it to be D. punctatus [GRISMER 2002].

Distribution: For subspecies map see Californiaherps.com. For map for California see Thomson et al. 2016: 267.

Taxonomy: Has been assigned to the family “Xenodontidae” by POTTS & COLLINS 2005 and other authors.

Mimicry: Diadophis punctatus mimicks Micrurus elegans (TORRE-LORANCA et al. 2006).

Diet: With the exception of the southwestern populations that feed exclusively on reptiles (Gehlbach, 1965), ringnecks have generalist diets, preying on salamanders, earthworms, reptiles and insects (Blanchard, 1942; Fitch, 1975; Blanchard et al., 1979; Stebbins, 1985; Conant and Collins, 1991).

Type species: Coluber punctatus LINNAEUS 1766: 376 is the type species of the genus Diadophis BAIRD & GIRARD 1853. The genus is monotypic.

Genome: Westeen et al. 2023 
EtymologyNamed after the Latin word punctum, meaning "spotted" (Lemos-Espinal & Dixon 2013).

The genus name is derived from the Latin words diadem , meaning "headband" and ophis, meaning "snake."

The subspecies acricus is named after the Greek a (for no) and “krikos” for ring, referring to the “ringlessness” of the form.

The subspecies amabilis, is named after Latin amāre and amārī (“to love” and “to be loved”) +‎ -bilis (“-able: able or worthy to be”) meaning "lovely, attractive, pleasant," a reference to overall beauty and attractiveness of the subspecies. 
References
  • Allen, Morrow J. 1932. A survey of the Amphibians and reptiles of Harrison County, Mississippi. American Museum Novitates (542): 1-20 - get paper here
  • Arant, P L; White, D & Price, S J; 2019. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) and Storeria occipitomaculata (Red-bellied Snake) Predation. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 392 - get paper here
  • Ashton, R.E., Jr., and Ashton, P.S. 1982. Handbook of reptiles and amphibians of Florida. Pt. I. Snakes. Windward PubI., Inc., Miami: 176 pp.
  • Auth, David L.;Scott, Chris 1996. Geographic Distribution. Diadophis punctatus acricus. Herpetological Review 27 (1): 33 - get paper here
  • Baird, S. F. and C. Girard. 1853. Catalogue of North American Reptiles in the Museum of the Smithsonian Institution. Part 1.-Serpents. Smithsonian Inst., Washington, xvi + 172 pp. - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1919. Herpetological notes. Proc. New England zool. Club 7: 7-13 - get paper here
  • BARTON, LEE J. 2022. Geographic distribution: DIADOPHIS PUNCTATUS (Ring-necked Snake). USA: TENNESSEE: Madison Co. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 263–264.
  • Barts, M. 2006. Herpetologische Beobachtungen im US-Bundesstaat Oklahoma. Reptilia (Münster) 11 (61): 43-50 - get paper here
  • Bezy, Robert L. and Charles J. Cole 2014. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Madrean Archipelago of Arizona and New Mexico. American Museum Novitates (3810): 1-24 - get paper here
  • Blanchard, Frank N. 1923. Comments on ring-neck snakes (Genus Diadophis), with diagnoses of new forms. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (142): 1-9 - get paper here
  • Blanchard, Frank N. 1930. Further studies of the eggs and young of the eastern ring-neck snake, Diadophis punctatus edwardsii. Bull. Antivenin Inst. America 4 (1): 4-10
  • Blanchard, Frank N.;Gilreath, M. Ruth;Blanchard, Frieda Cobb 1979. The Eastern ring-neck snake (Diadophis punctatus edwardsii) in Northern Michigan (Reptilia, Serpentes, Colubridae). Journal of Herpetology 13 (4): 377-402 - get paper here
  • Blanchard, Frank Nelson 1942. The ring-neck snakes, genus Diadophis. Bulletin of the Chicago Academy of Sciences 7 (1): 1-144
  • Bocourt, M. F. 1886. In A. Duméril, M. F. Bocourt, and F. Mocquard, (1870-1909), Etudes sur les reptiles, p. i-xiv, 1-1012. In Recherches Zoologiques pour servir a l'Histoire de Ia Faune de l'Amérique Centrale et du Mexique. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amér Imprimerie Impériale, Paris, Vol. 3 - get paper here
  • Bogosian, Victor; Eric C. Hellgren, and Raymond W. Moody 2012. Assemblages of Amphibians, Reptiles, and Mammals on an Urban Military Base in Oklahoma. Southwestern Naturalist 57 (3): 277-284. - get paper here
  • Breitenbach, Luke and Erik R. Wild. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 262 - get paper here
  • Brennan, T.C., P.C. Rosen, and L. Hellekson. 2009. Diadophis punctatus regalis (Regal Ring-necked Snake) diet. Sonoran Herpetologist 22 (11):123. - get paper here
  • Brock, T L & Camp, C D 2018. Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Northern Ring-necked Snake) Envenomation. Herpetological Review 49 (2): 340-341 - get paper here
  • BROWN, MIKALAH M. & KEITH GELUSO. 2022. Effects of cover object size and material, rainfall, and month on reptile detection in Nebraska. The Prairie Naturalist 54: 1–10. - get paper here
  • BRUST, T. J., A. R. BRADY, AND V. J. CLARKSTON 2020. Diadophis punctatus edwardsi (Northern Ring-Necked Snake). Coloration. Herpetological Review 51: 142.
  • Buikema & Armittage 1969. The effects of temperature on the metabolism of the prairie ringneck snake, Diadophis punctatus arnyi Kennicott Herpetologica 25 (3): 194-206. - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E. 1933. A contribution to the herpetology of Kentucky. American Midland Naturalist 14 (6): 669-679 - get paper here
  • Burt, Charles E. 1935. Further records of the ecology and distribution of amphibians and reptiles in the middle west. American Midland Naturalist 16 (3): 311-336 - get paper here
  • Callejas-Jiménez Francisco, and Leonardo Fernández-Badillo 2015. Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766). Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (4): 549 - get paper here
  • CALZADA-ARCINIEGA, RAFAEL ALEJANDRO; FEDERICO ROMERO-ROMERO & GERARDO CEBALLOS. 2021. New records for Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Squamata: Dipsadidae) in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Herpetology Notes 14: 977-979 - get paper here
  • Calzada-Arciniega, Rafael Alejandro; Federico Romero-Romero, Gerardo Ceballos 2021. New records for Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766) (Squamata: Dipsadidae) in the State of Mexico, Mexico. Herpetology Notes 14: 977-979
  • Camper, Jeffrey D. 2019. The Reptiles of South Carolina. University of South Carolina Press, 288 pp. [review in Copeia 107 (3): 590, 2019] - get paper here
  • CARBAJAL-MARQUEZ, R. A., G. E. QUINTERO-DIAZ, R. ROQUE-LOZANO, T. RAMIREZ-VALVERDE, C. CHAVEZ-FLORIANO, AND M. F. BRIONES-RODRIGUEZ 2020. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-Necked Snake). Mexico: Aguascalientes: Municipality Of El Llano. Herpetological Review 51: 274.
  • Carbajal-Márquez, Rubén A. and Gustavo E. Quintero-Díaz 2016. The Herpetofauna of Aguascalientes, México. Revista Mexicana de Herpetología 2(1):
  • Carl, G. 1978. Notes on Worm-Eating in the Prairie Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus arnyi Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 14(2): 95-97. - get paper here
  • Cathro, Andrew and Lindquist, Erik 2016. Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Northern Ring-necked Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 47 (4): 681 - get paper here
  • CAZARES, A., R. CAZARES, AND R. W. HANSEN 2020. Diadophis punctatus regalis (Regal Ringneck Snake) and salvadora grahamiae grahamiae (Mountain Patchnosed Snake). Diet And Predation. Herpetological Review 51: 616.
  • Christman, S. P. 1980. Patterns of geographic variation in Florida snakes. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum of Biological Sciences 25 (3): 1 (157?)-256 - get paper here
  • Clark, D.R., Jr., C.M. Bunck & R.J. Hall 1997. Female Reproductive Dynamics in a Maryland Population of Ringneck Snakes (Diadophis punctatus) Journal of Herpetology 31 (4): 476-483. - get paper here
  • Cockerell, T.D.A. 1896. Reptiles and batrachians of Mesilla Valley, New Mexico. American Naturalist 30: 325-327 - get paper here
  • Cole, Charles C. 1965. The regal ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus regalis Baird and Girard) in Nuevo Leon, Mexico. Herpetologica 21 (2): 156 - get paper here
  • Collins, J.T. & Collins, S.L. 2009. A pocket guide to Kansas snakes, 2nd ed. Great Plains Nature Center, Wichita, 69 pp.
  • Collins, J.T. & Collins, S.L. 2010. A pocket guide to Kansas snakes, 3rd ed. Great Plains Nature Center, Wichita, 69 pp.
  • Conant, Roger 1938. The Reptiles of Ohio. American Midland Naturalist 20 (1): 1-200 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cope, E.D. 1860. Catalogue of the Colubridae in the Museum of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, with notes and descriptions of new species. Part II. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 12: 241-266 - get paper here
  • Craven, S.R. & Knudsen, G.J. 1996. Snakes of Wisconsin. University of Wisconsin.
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Pineda-López R, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Rocha A, Fucsko LA, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Querétaro, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(1) [General Section]: 148–192 (e308) - get paper here
  • Cruz-Sáenz, D., F. J. Muñoz-Nolasco, V. Mata-Silva, J. D. Johnson, E. García-Padilla, and L. D. Wilson. 2017. The herpetofauna of Jalisco, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(1): 23–118 - get paper here
  • Davis DR, LaDuc TJ 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of C. E. Miller Ranch and the Sierra Vieja, Chihuahuan Desert, Texas, USA. ZooKeys 735: 97-130 - get paper here
  • Davis, Drew R., Farkas, Jillian K., Johannsen, Rachel E., Leonard, Kalie M. and Kerby, Jacob L. 2017. Distributional records of amphibians and reptiles from South Dakota, USA. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 133-137 - get paper here
  • Degenhardt, William G.; C. W. Painter, and A. H. Price 1996. Amphibians and reptiles of New Mexico. Univ. New Mexico Press, 431 pp.
  • Dixon, James R. 2000. Amphibians and reptiles of Texas, second edition. Texas A&M University Press, 421 pp.
  • Dixon, James R. and Julio A. Lemos-Espinal 2010. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Queretaro, Mexico. Tlalnepantla UNAM, 428 pp.
  • Dunn, E.R. 1920. Some reptiles and amphibians from Virginia, North Carolina, Tennesse, and Alabama. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 33: 129-137 - get paper here
  • Dury, R. 1932. Notes on Reptiles and Amphibians From Clifty Falls State Park, Jefferson County, Indiana. Proc. Jr. Soc. Nat. Hist. Cincinnati 3 (2): 23-26
  • Elmberg, J. 1980. Herpetological observations 77-78 [in Vernon county, Wisconsin]. Fältbiologerna Umea.
  • Enderson, Erik F.; Thomas R. Van Devender, Robert L. Bezy 2014. Amphibians and reptiles of Yécora, Sonora and the Madrean Tropical Zone of the Sierra Madre Occidental in northwestern Mexico. Check List 10 (4): 913-926 - get paper here
  • Enge, Kevin M. 2009. Venomous and non-venomous snakes of Florida. Publication of the Florida Fish & Wildlife Conservation Commission. 16 pp.
  • Ernst, C.H., & Barbour, R.W. 1989. Snakes of eastern North America. George Mason Univ. Press, Fairfax, VA 282 pp.
  • Evelyn, Christopher J. and Lawrence E. Hunt. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake). Herpetological Review 45 (3): 465 - get paper here
  • Fernández-Badillo, L., J. L. Jiménez-Villegas, N. Morales-Capellán, G. T. González-Bonilla, A. H. Tepango-Benítez , M. B. Ramírez-Cruz, and D. A. Hernández-Silva 2017. Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766). Mexico, Hidalgo. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 961–962 - get paper here
  • Fernández-Badillo, Leonardo & Irene Goyenechea-Mayer Goyenechea 2010. Anfibios y reptiles del valle del Mezquital, Hidalgo, México. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 81: 705- 712
  • Fernández-Badillo, Leonardo; Norma Leticia Manríquez-Morán; Jesús Martín Castillo-Cerón & Irene Goyenechea 2016. Análisis herpetofaunístico de la zona árida del estado de Hidalgo. Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87: 156–170 - get paper here
  • Fitch, H. S. 1936. Amphibians and reptiles of the Rouge River Basin, Oregon. American Midland Naturalist 17: 634-652 - get paper here
  • Fitch, Henry S. 1975. A demographic study of the ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus) in Kansas. The University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, Miscellaneous Publications. (62): 1-53.
  • Fontanella, Frank M.; Chris R. Feldman, Mark E. Siddall and Frank T. Burbrink 2008. Phylogeography of Diadophis punctatus: Extensive lineage diversity and repeated patterns of historical demography in a trans-continental snake. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (3): 1049-1070 - get paper here
  • Fontanella, Frank M.; Pedro F. Victoriano Jack W. Sites, Jr 2017. Secondary contact, gene flow and clinal variation between two mtDNA lineages of the Northeastern ringneck snake Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Colubroidea: Dipsadidae). Zool J Linnean Soc. 182 (2): 444-458 - get paper here
  • Fontanella, Frank M; Emily Miles; Polly Strott 2021. Integrated analysis of the ringneck snake Diadophis punctatus complex (Colubridae: Dipsadidae) in a biodiversity hotspot provides the foundation for conservation reassessment. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (1): - get paper here
  • Force, Edith R. 1928. A Preliminary Checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles of Tulsa County. Proceedings of the Oklahoma Academy of Science 8: - get paper here
  • Franks, M. S. and K. Geluso 2017. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 48 (2): 391 - get paper here
  • French, C. M. 2017. Diadophis punctatus regalis (Regal Ring-necked Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 48 (2): 448 - get paper here
  • Garman, S. 1887. Reptiles and batrachians from Texas and Mexico. Bull. Essex Inst. 19: 119-138
  • Garman, Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
  • Gehlbach, Frederick R. 1974. Evolutionary relations of southwestern ringeck snakes (Diadophis punctatus). Herpetologica 30 (2): 140-148 - get paper here
  • Goldberg, S.R. 2016. Reproduction in the Prairie Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus arnyi (Serpentes, Colubridae), from Oklahoma. Sonoran Herpetologist 29 (2):20-22. - get paper here
  • Goldberg, Stephen R. 2016. Reproduction in the Prairie Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus arnyi (Serpentes, Colubridae), from Oklahoma. Sonoran Herpetologist 29 (2): 20-22 - get paper here
  • Gordon, Deborah J. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Diadophis punctatus. Herpetological Review 28 (1): 51-52 - get paper here
  • Gotte, Steve W. 2016. Diadophis punctatus punctatus (Southern Ring-necked Snake) Predation. Herpetological Review 47 (2): 310 - get paper here
  • Graziano, Matt; David Weisenbeck and David S. McLeod 2019. A Herpetological Survey of the Edith J. Carter Arboretum at James Madison University (Harrisonburg, Virginia). Catesbeiana 39 (2): 97-107 - get paper here
  • Green, N.B., & Pauley, T.K. 1987. Amphibians and reptiles in West Virginia. Univ. of Pittsburgh Press, Pittsburgh, 241 pp.
  • Gregory, P.T. 2004. Analysis of patterns of aggregation under cover objects in an assemblage of six species of snakes. Herpetologica 60 (2): 178-186 - get paper here
  • Groves, F. 1978. A Case of Twinning in the Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus edwardsi Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 14(1): 48-49. - get paper here
  • Groves, J.D. 1974. An Albino Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus from New Jersey Bull. Maryland Herpetol. Soc., 10(4): 102. - get paper here
  • Guyer, Craig; Mark A. Bailey, and Robert H. Mount 2018. Lizards and snakes of Alabama. University of Alabama Press, 397 pp. - get paper here
  • HAMILTON, BRYAN T. & MARK W. HAZEL. 2021. Geographic distribution: DIADOPHIS PUNCTATUS (Ring-necked Snake). USA: UTAH: Millard Co. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 578. - get paper here
  • HANSEN, R. W 2020. Diadophis punctatus (Ringneck Snake). Reproduction. Herpetological Review 51: 615-616.
  • Hartzell, Sean M. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 47 (2): 261-262 - get paper here
  • Hathcock, C.D. & Giermakowski, J.T. 2018. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 49 (1): 75. - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Henderson, R.W. 1970. Feeding Behavior, Digestion, and Water Requirements of Diadophis punctatus arnyi Kennicott Herpetologica 26 (4): 520-526. - get paper here
  • Hernandez T, Herr MW, Stevens S, Cork K, Medina-Nava C, Vialpando CJ, Warfel T, Fields N, Brodie C, Graham SP 2019. New distribution records for amphibians and reptiles in eastern Chihuahua, Mexico. Check List 15(1): 79-86 - get paper here
  • Hernández-Melo, J. A., F. Torres-Angeles and Z. K. Zepéda-Hernández. 2017. Diadophis punctatus (Linnaeus, 1766). Mexico, Hidalgo. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(2): 466–467 - get paper here
  • Hörold, Ralf 2020. Haltung und Nachzucht von Lepidodactylus lugubris (DUMERIL & BIBRON, 1836) als Aufzuchtfutter für Echsen fressende Schlangen. Ophidia 14 (1): 2-14
  • Hubbs, Brian. 2016. New county records for Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska, USA. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 94-95 - get paper here
  • Hunter, M.L., Jr., Albright, J., & Arbuckle, J., eds. 1992. The amphibians and reptiles of Maine. Maine Agric. Experiment Station, Orono, Bull. 838 188 pp.
  • Inman, B & Miller, B T; 2018. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 49 (4): 717-718 - get paper here
  • Inman, B & Miller, B T; 2019. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) USA: Tennessee: Lawrence Co. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 330 - get paper here
  • Irwin, Kelly J. 2004. Arkansas Snake Guide. Arkansas Game & Fish Commission, Little Rock, 50 pp.
  • Jameson, David H.;Flury, Alvin G. 1949. The reptiles and amphibians of the Sierra Vieja Range of southwestern Texas. Texas Journal of Science 1 (2): 54-77 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1866. Iconographie générale des ophidiens. 15. Livraison. J.B. Bailière et Fils, Paris - get paper here
  • Jensen, John B.; Carlos D. Camp, Whit Gibbons, & Matt J. Elliott 2008. Amphibians and reptiles of Georgia. University of Georgia Press, 575 pp.
  • Johnson, Jerry D. 1994. Diadophis punctatus arnyi (Prairie ringneck snake). USA: Texas. Herpetological Review 25 (4): 166 - get paper here
  • Kapfer, Joshua M., Jeffrey M. Lorch, Erik R. Wild, Donald J. Brown, Lisa Mitchem, Nicholas Rudolph, Karl Rutzen and Richard C. Vogt. 2015. Distributional records for amphibians and reptiles from Wisconsin, USA. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 587-590 - get paper here
  • KELLY, N. D., P. R. MAY, AND G. D. SMITH 2020. Diadophis punctatus regalis (Regal Ring-Necked Snake) and tantilla hobartsmithi (Smith’s Black-Headed Snake). Diet And Predation. Herpetological Review 51: 616-617.
  • Kennicott, R. 1859. Notes on Coluber calligaster of Say, and a description of a new species of Serpents in the collection of the north Western University of Evanston,Ill. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 11: 98-100 - get paper here
  • King, Richard B.; Oldham, Michael J.; Weller, Wayne F.; Wynn, Douglas. 1997. Historic and current amphibian and reptile distributions in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie. American Midland Naturalist 138(1):153-173 - get paper here
  • Kunz, K. 2007. Die vergessene Schönheit - Ein paar Worte zu Haltung und Nachzucht von Diadophis punctatus Terraria (3) 2 (1): 70-73.
  • Lancaster, D.L. & S.E. Wise 1996. Differential Response by the Ringneck Snake, Diadophis punctatus, to Odors of Tail-Autotomizing Prey Herpetologica 52 (1): 98-108. - get paper here
  • Lazcano D, Nevárez-de los Reyes M, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, Wilson LD. 2019. The herpetofauna of Coahuila, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13(2) [General Section]: 31–94 (e189) - get paper here
  • LeClere, Jeff 1994. Snakes of Minnesota: Ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus). Newsletter of the Minnesota Herpetological Society 14 (1): 11-13
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2016. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Coahuila, Mexico, with comparison with adjoining states. ZooKeys 593: 117-137, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.593.8484 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of the State of Mexico, Mexico with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 953: 137-159 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Mexico City, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 951: 109-131 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR 2020. A checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sinaloa, Mexico with a conservation status summary and comparisons with neighboring states. ZooKeys 931: 85-114 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Cruz A 2016. Amphibians and Reptiles of the state of Nuevo León, Mexico. ZooKeys 594: 123-141, doi: 10.3897/zookeys.594.8289 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Gadsden-Esparza H, Valdez-Lares R, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 748: 65-87 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Rorabaugh JC 2019. A conservation checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Sonora, Mexico, with updated species lists. ZooKeys 829: 131-160 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 753: 83-106 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A. (ed.) 2015. Amphibians and Reptiles of the US - Mexico Border States / Anfibios y Reptiles de los Estados de la Frontera México - Estados Unidos. Texas A&M University Press, College Station, Texas. x + 614 pp.; ISBN 978-1-62349-306-6. - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A., Geoffrey R. Smith 2015. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. Check List 11 (3): 1642 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio Alberto 2004. Anfibios y reptiles del estado de Chihuahua. Informe final del Proyecto AE003, UNAM, 70 pp.
  • Leyte-Manrique A, Mata-Silva V, Báez-Montes O, Fucsko LA, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Rocha A, Johnson JD, Porras LW, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Guanajuato, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(2) [General Section: 133–180 (e321) - get paper here
  • Leyte-Manrique, Adrian; Christian Berriozabal-Islas, Vicente Mata-Silva, and Juan Pablo Morales-Castorena 2018. Herpetofaunal diversity in Área Natural Protegida Las Musas, Guanajuato, Mexico. Mesoamerican Herpetology 5 (1): 122–136 - get paper here
  • Lillywhite, H.B. 2022. Discovering snakes in wild places. ECO Publishing, Rodeo, NM, 164 pp. - get paper here
  • Linné, C. von [= Linnaeus, C.] 1766. Systema naturæ per regna tria naturæ, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio duodecima, reformata. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, Holmiae. 1-532 pp. - get paper here
  • Linzey, D.W., & Clifford, M.J. 1981. Snakes of Virgina. Univ. Press of Virginia, Charlottesville 159 pp.
  • Loc-Barragán JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA, Lemos-Espinal JA 2024. An updated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nayarit, Mexico with conservation status and comparison with adjoining States. Herpetozoa 37: 25-42 - get paper here
  • Lönnberg, Einar 1894. Notes on reptiles and batrachians collected in Florida in 1892 and 1893. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 17 (1003): 317-339 - get paper here
  • Lovich, J.E. & Jaworski, T.R. 1988. Annotated checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles reported from Cedar Bog, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 88 (4): 139-143 - get paper here
  • Lynch, J.D. 1985. Annotated checklist of the amphibians and reptiles of Nebraska. Nebraska Acad. of Sci., Lincoln, Trans. 13: 33-57.
  • Marcou, Z.J. 2018. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus stictogenys (Mississippi Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 49 (1): 75-76. - get paper here
  • Marcou, Zachary John 2018. Delineating Metrics of Diversity for a Snake Community in a Rare Ecosystem. MSc Thesis, Stephen F. Austin State University - get paper here
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • Mays, Jonathan D., Enge, Kevin M., Emerick, Adam and Hill, E. Pierson 2017. New island records for reptiles in the Florida Keys, Monroe County, Florida, USA. Herpetological Review 48 (1): 145-146 - get paper here
  • MCALLISTER, CHRIS T. & NIKOLAS H. MCALLISTER. 2021. DIADOPHIS PUNCTATUS ARNYI (Prairie Ringneck Snake). DIET. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 664. - get paper here
  • McCauley, R.H., Jr. 1941. Diadophis punctatus in Maryland Copeia 1941 (1): 55. - get paper here
  • McCranie, J.R. & Wilson, L.D. 2001. The herpetofauna of the Mexican State of Aguascalientes. Courier Forschungsinstitut Senckenberg 230: 1-57
  • McFerrin, M. A. and J. R. Ennen 2017. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 48 (2): 391 - get paper here
  • Mecham, John S. 1956. The relationship between the ringneck snakes Diadophis regalis and D. punctatus. Copeia 1956 (1): 51-52 - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Mendelson, Joseph R., III and Andrea J. Adams. 2014. Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake) diet. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 709-710 - get paper here
  • Merrem, B. 1820. Versuch eines Systems der Amphibien I (Tentamen Systematis Amphibiorum). J. C. Kriegeri, Marburg, 191 pp. - get paper here
  • Meshaka Jr, Walter E.;, Jane Netting Huff & Robert C. Leberman 2008. Amphibians and Reptiles of Powdermill Nature Reserve in Western Pennsylvania. Journal of Kansas Herpetology (25): 12-18 - get paper here
  • Meshaka, Walter E., Jr and Montrell L. D. Wilkerson. 2008. Seasonal activity, reproduction, and growth of the Ringneck Snake (Diadophis punctatus) in Pennsylvania. Journal of Kansas Herpetology (28): 17-20
  • Meshaka, Walter E., Jr. and Pablo R. Delis 2014. Snake assemblage structures and seasonal activity patters on a military base in south-central Pennsylvania: Land Management implications for snake conservation. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2014(1):7-20 - get paper here
  • Meyers, Charles W. 1965. Biology of the ringneck snake, Diadophis punctatus, in Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 10 (2): 43-90 - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J. C. & Reay, K.K. 1999. Atlas of amphibians and reptiles in Virginia. Specialty Publication 1, VA Dept of Game and Fisheries, 122 pp. - get paper here
  • Mitchell, J.C. 1994. The reptiles of Virginia. Virginia Department of Game and Inland Fisheries, ca. 350 pp.
  • Montgomery, Chad;Waldron, Kevin;Hobert, Justin;Donoho, Ron;Mackessy, Stephen P. 1996. Geographic Distribution. Diadophis punctatus arnyi. Herpetological Review 27 (1): 33 - get paper here
  • Muelle, R M; 2019. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) Predation. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 154 - get paper here
  • Myers, Charles W. 1965. Biology of the ringneck snake, Diadophis punctatus, in Florida. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum, Biological Sciences 10 (2): 43-90 - get paper here
  • Myers, Edward A., Kari A. Maupin and Robert E. Weaver. 2010. Geographic distribution: Diadophis punctatus. Herpetological Review 41 (3): 379 - get paper here
  • Neill, W.T., Jr. 1941. A Case of Albinism in Diadophis p. punctatus Copeia 1941 (4): 266. - get paper here
  • Nevárez-de-los-Reyes, Manuel, David Lazcano, Elí García-Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The Herpetofauna of Nuevo León, Mexico: Composition, Distribution, and Conservation. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (3): 558–638 - get paper here
  • Nussbaum, R.A., Brodie, E.D., Jr., & Storm, R.M. 1983. Amphibians and reptiles of the Pacific Northwest. Univ. Press of Idaho, Moscow 332 pp.
  • O’Shea, M. 2018. The Book of Snakes. Ivy Press / Quarto Publishing, London, - get paper here
  • Palis, J. G. 2016. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) diet. Herpetological Review 47(3): 477-478. - get paper here
  • PALIS, JOHN G. & JOSHUA J. VOSSLER. 2021. Diurnal Surface Activity in Ring-necked Snakes (Diadophis punctatus). Transactions of the Illinois State Academy of Science. Illinois State Academy of Science 114: 57–64. - get paper here
  • Palmer, W.M. & Braswell, A.L. 1995. Reptiles of North Carolina. Univ. North Carolina Press
  • Paloski, Rori A., Rowe, Stacy A. and Badje, Andrew F. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus edwardsii (Northern Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 47 (4): 629-630 - get paper here
  • Parker, William S.;Brown, William S. 1974. Notes on the biology of regal ringneck snakes (Diadophis punctatus regalis) in northern Utah. Journal of Herpetology 8 (3): 262-263 - get paper here
  • Paul, J. R. 1967. Integradation among ring-necked snakes in southeastern United States. The Journal of the Eliha Mitchell Scientific Society 83 (2): 98-102
  • Paulson, D.R. 1966. Variation in some snakes from the Florida Keys. Quarterly J. Florida Acad. Sci. 29 (4): 296 [1968 - get paper here
  • Pauly-Hubbard, Emma C. 2015. Prairie Ring-necked Snake Diadophis punctatus arnyi captive care. Collinsorum 3 (2-4): 17-18
  • Peralta-García A, Valdez-Villavicencio JH, Fucsko LA, Hollingsworth BD, Johnson JD, Mata-Silva V, Rocha A, DeSantis DL, Porras LW, and Wilson LD. 2023. The herpetofauna of the Baja California Peninsula and its adjacent islands, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 17(1&2): 57–142
  • Peterson, H. W. 1956. A Record of Viviparity in a Normally Oviparous Snake. Herpetologica 12: 152 - get paper here
  • Phillips, JG 2016. Updated Geographic Distributions of Michigan Herpetofauna: a Synthesis of Old and New Sources. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2016: 45–69 - get paper here
  • Pierson, T. 2012. Geographic distribution: Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake). Herpetological Review 43: 307 - get paper here
  • Pierson, T. & Rajeev, M. 2012. Geographic distribution: Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake). Herpetological Review 43: 620 - get paper here
  • Pinou,T. 1995. Geographic variation of serum albumin in the monotypic snake genus Diadophis (Colubridae: Xenopeltinae). Journal of Herpetology 29 (1): 105-110 - get paper here
  • Pitts, Steven L. 2015. Crotalus horridus (timber rattlesnake), Agkistrodon contortrix (copperhead), Thamnophis sirtalis (common gartersnake), Nerodia sipedon (northern watersnake), Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake), Storeria dekayi (Dekay's brownsnake) aggregation. Herpetological Review 46 (4): 641 - get paper here
  • Potts, George D. & Joseph T. Collins 2005. A CHECKLIST OF THE VERTEBRATE ANIMALS OF KANSAS. Kansas Department of Wildlife and Parks, 50 pp.
  • Presnall, C. C. 1937. Herpetological notes from Zion National Park. Copeia 1937 (4): 232 - get paper here
  • Pursley, H.R. & Geluso, K. 2018. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 49 (1): 75. - get paper here
  • Pyron, R.Alexander; Frank T. Burbrink 2009. Neogene diversification and taxonomic stability in the snake tribe Lampropeltini (Serpentes: Colubridae). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 52 (2): 524-529 - get paper here
  • Riedle, J. Darren 2014. Demography of an Urban Population of Ring-necked Snakes (Diadophis punctatus) in Missouri. Herp. Cons. Biol. 9 (2): - get paper here
  • Rodríguez-Robles, Javier A., Good, David A., Wake, David B. 2003. Brief History of Herpetology in the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley, with a List of Type Specimens of Recent Amphibians and Reptiles. UC Publications in Zoology, 119 pp. - get paper here
  • Roebke, R.S. & Geluso, K. 2017. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 48 (4): 814 - get paper here
  • Rohrbach, Cynthia I. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake). Herpetological Review 47 (4): 629 - get paper here
  • Rorabaugh, J C; Turner, D; van Devender, T R; Hugo-Cabrera, V; Maynard, R J; Van Devender, R W; Villa, R A; Hamilton, P; Hale, S F; Aguilar-Morales, C; Blanco-Gutiérrez, A; Wallace, E & Hedgcock, C; 2019. Herpetofauna of the Mesa Tres Ríos area in the Northern Sierra Madre Occidental of Sonora, Mexico. Herpetological Review 50 (2): 251-259 - get paper here
  • RUVALCABA, A. J., AND K. GELUSO 2020. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-Necked Snake). USA: Nebraska: Kearney Co. Herpetological Review 51: 79.
  • Schlüter, U. 2012. Ringhalsnattern (Diadophis punctatus) im Terrarium. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (96): 68-75 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Dieter 2012. Giftbisse von giftigen und „harmlosen“ Schlangen. Teil 1. Terraria-Elaphe 2012 (2): 78-82 - get paper here
  • Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp.
  • Sie, Nathalie 1999. Keeping and breeding of the eastern ringnecked snake (Diadophis punctatus punctatus). Litteratura Serpentium 19 (3): 79-84 - get paper here
  • Smith, C.E. & Robinson, D. 2018. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) Venom. Herpetological Review 49 (1): 130. - get paper here
  • SMITH, DUSTIN C.; R. GRAHAM REYNOLDS; KATHERINE L. HAGEN 2021. Snakes on a Path: Ecology of a North Carolina Piedmont Snake Community. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 473–481
  • Smith, Hobart M.;Leonard, Arthur B. 1934. Distributional records of reptiles and amphibians in Oklahoma. American Midland Naturalist 15: 190-196 - get paper here
  • SMITH, S. S., AND K. GELUSO 2020. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-Necked Snake). USA: Nebraska: Clay Co. Herpetological Review 51: 79.
  • Snyder, Richard C. 1945. Notes on the snakes of southeastern Alabama. Copeia 1945 (3): 173-174 - get paper here
  • Soehren, Eric C., John A. Trent, Jennifer N. Soehren, Austin R. Williamon, Anthony L. Cochran and Mark A. Bailey. 2014. Geographical Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake). Herpetological Review 45 (4): 664 - get paper here
  • Solís, R E & Fernández, J A; 2019. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 154-155 - get paper here
  • Spinner, Leo 2017. Auf Schlangensuche in Cape Cod, Massachusetts. Terraria-Elaphe 2017 (1): 14-24 - get paper here
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Stejneger, L.H. 1893. Annotated list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by the Death Valley Expedition in 1891, with descriptions of new species. North American Fauna, No. 7: 159-228 (+ 14 plates + 4 maps) - get paper here
  • STEVENSON, DIRK J. et al. 2021. New County Records for Amphibians and Reptiles in Georgia, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (2): 350-359
  • Stokely, Paul S.;Kuchan, Frank 1962. A record of Diadophis punctatus edwardsi (Merrem) from Jefferson County, Ohio. Ohio Journal of Science 62 (2): 100
  • SUBEDI, SURESH C.; SUSAN C. WALLS, WILLIAM J. BARICHIVICH, RYAN BOYLES, MICHAEL S. ROSS, J. AARON HOGAN & JOHN A. TUPY. 2022. Future changes in habitat availability for two specialist snake species in the imperiled rocklands of South Florida, USA. Conservation Science and Practice 4(10):1-12. - get paper here
  • Tanner, Wilmer W. 1985. Snakes of Western Chihuahua. Great Basin Naturalist 45 (4): 615-676 - get paper here
  • Taylor, Edward H. 1939. Some Mexican serpents. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 26 (13): 445-487 - get paper here
  • Taylor-Young, M. 2011. The Guide to Colorado Reptiles and Amphibians. Fulcrum Publishing, Golden, Colorado, 169 pp.
  • Tennant, A. 2003. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions, revised edition. Lone Star Books, 605 pp.
  • Tennant, A. & Bartlett, R.D. 2000. Snakes of North America - Eastern and Central Regions. Gulf Publishing, Houston, TX, 588 pp.
  • Tepos-Ramírez M, Garduño-Fonseca FS, Peralta-Robles CA, García-Rubio OR, Cervantes Jiménez R 2023. Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species. Check List 19(2): 269-292 - get paper here
  • Terrell, Vanessa C., Jaimie L. Klemish, Nathan J. Engbecht, John A. May, Peter J. Lannoo, Rochelle M. Stiles, and Michael J. Lannoo. 2014. Amphibian and reptile colonization of reclaimed coal spoil grasslands. The Journal of North American Herpetology 2014(1):59-68 - get paper here
  • Tetzlaff, Sasha J. 2014. Diadophis punctatus (ring-necked snake) diet. Herpetological Review 45 (4): 710 - get paper here
  • Thomson, Robert C.; Amber N. Wright & H. Bradley Shaffer 2016. California Amphibian and Reptile Species of Special Concern. University of California Press - get paper here
  • Tinkle, Donald W.;Gibbons, J. Whitfield 1977. The distribution and evolution of viviparity in reptiles. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (154): 1-55 - get paper here
  • Torre-Loranca, M.A. de la; Aguirre-León, G. & López-Luna, M.A. 2006. Coralillos verdaderos (Serpentes: Elapidae) y Coralillos falsos (Serpentes: Colubridae) de Veracruz, México. Acta Zoologica Mexicana 22 (3): 11-22 - get paper here
  • Torres-Hernández, LA, Ramírez-Bautista A, Cruz-Elizalde R, Hernández-Salinas U, Berriozabal-Islas C, DeSantis DL, Johnson JD, Rocha A, García-Padilla E, Mata-Silva V, Fucsko LA, and Wilson LD. 2021. The herpetofauna of Veracruz, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 72–155 - get paper here
  • Trauth, Stanley E. 1996. Subspecific recognition in Arkansas ringneck snakes (Diadophis punctatus). Proceedings of the Arkansas Academy of Science 50: 145-147
  • Turner, D. S., Van Devender, T. R., Hale, S. F., Zach, R., Martínez, R., Van Devender, R. W., ... & Paholski, C. 2022. Amphibians and reptiles of Rancho Las Playitas area, Sonora, Mexico. Sonoran Herpetologist, 35, 50-59 - get paper here
  • UNDERWOOD, TYLER L. & KEITH GELUSO. 2022. Geographic distribution: DIADOPHIS PUNCTATUS (Ring-necked Snake). USA: NEBRASKA: Red Willow Co. Herpetological Review 53 (1): 79.
  • Ustach, Paul C. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Diadophis punctatus. Arizona. Herpetological Review 28 (3): 159 - get paper here
  • Valdez-Lares, R.; R. Muñiz-Martínez; E.Gadsden; G. Aguirre-León; G. Castañeda-Gaytán; R. Gonzalez-Trápaga 2013. Checklist of amphibians and reptiles of the state of Durango, México. Check List 9 (4):714-724 - get paper here
  • Van Denburgh, J.; Slevin, J. R. 1923. Preliminary diagnoses of four new snakes from Lower California, Mexico. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. (4) 13 (1): 1-2 - get paper here
  • VAN DEVENDER, T. R., J. A. SALAZAR-MARTINEZ, G. M. FERGUSON, S. F. HALE, J. C. RORABAUGH, E. F. ENDERSON, AND J. A. LEMOS-ESPINAL 2020. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-Necked Snake). Mexico: Sonora: Municipality Of Arizpe. Herpetological Review 51: 544-545.
  • Van Devender, Thomas R. and Eduardo Gómez-Limón. 2014. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus regalis (regal ring-necked snake). Herpetological Review 45 (3): 465 - get paper here
  • Van Devender, Thomas R.; Lowe, Charles H. Lowe, Jr. 1977. Amphibians and reptiles of Yepomera, Chihuahua, Mexico. Journal of Herpetology 11 (1): 41-50 - get paper here
  • VanDeWalle, Terry 2022. The Natural History of the Snakes and Lizards of Iowa. University of Iowa Press, Iowa City, Iowa, 384 pp. ISBN: 978-1- 609388-37-9. [review in HR 54 (1): 151] - get paper here
  • Vázquez Díaz, Joel;Quintero Díaz, Gustavo E. 2005. Anfibios y Reptiles de Aguascalientes [2nd ed.]. CONABIO, CIEMA, 318 pp.
  • Villada, M.M. 1875. El Diadophis punctatus, var. Dougesii. La Naturaleza, México City 3, 226–230, pl - get paper here
  • Vitt, L.J. 1975. Observations on Reproduction in Five Species of Arizona Snakes Herpetologica 31 (1): 83-84. - get paper here
  • WADE, BRYCE S.; STEPHEN K. NELSON, TODD W. PIERSON, BEN HOLT, KEVIN G. HUTCHESON, CHRISTINA MOYNIHAN & EVIN T. CARTER. 2021. New Amphibian and Reptile Distribution Records from Middle and East Tennessee, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 581–583. - get paper here
  • Wagenen, G. van 1917. Diadophis amabilis in Missouri Copeia 43: 43-44. - get paper here
  • WAL, L. S., AND K. GELUSO 2020. Geographic Distribution: Diadophis punctatus (Ring-Necked Snake). USA: Nebraska: Fillmore Co. Herpetological Review 51: 79.
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • WARD, KRISTA J. 2022. Geographic distribution: DIADOPHIS PUNCTATUS (Ring-necked Snake). USA: KANSAS: Kingman Co. Herpetological Review 53 (2): 263.
  • Webb, R.G. 1984. Herpetogeography in the Mazatlán-Durango Region of the Sierra Madre Occidental, Mexico. Vetrebrate Ecology and Systematics - A ribute to Henry S. Fitch; Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, Lawrence, pp. 217-241
  • Weisenbeck, D. R., Nelson, E. M., & McLeod, D. S. 2022. Herpetological inventory at Sweet’s Farm in Highland County, Virginia. Banisteria, 56, 118-136 - get paper here
  • Weller, W.H. 1930. Records of Some Reptiles and Amphibians from Chimney Rock Camp, Chimney Rock N. C., and Vicinity. Proc. Jr. Soc. Nat. Hist. Cincinnati 1 (8-9): 51-54 [unnumbered pages]
  • Werler, John E. & James R. Dixon 2000. Texas Snakes. University of Texas Press, 544 pages
  • Westeen, E. P., Escalona, M., Beraut, E., Marimuthu, M. P., Nguyen, O., Fisher, R. N., ... & Wang, I. J. 2023. A reference genome assembly for the continentally-distributed ring-necked snake, Diadophis punctatus. Journal of Heredity, esad051 - get paper here
  • Wijk, B. van 1985. Breeding results: Diadophis punctatus. Litteratura Serpentium 5 (1): 32 - get paper here
  • Wilgers, D.J.; Horne, E.A.; Sandercock, B.K. & Volkmann, A.W. 2006. Effects of rangeland management on community dynamics of the herpetofauna of the Tall-grass Prairie [Flint Hills, Kansas/Oklahoma]. Herpetologica 62 (4): 378-388 - get paper here
  • Wood, Dustin A., Jason Myrand and Andrew T. Holycross. 2016. Diadophis punctatus (Ring-necked Snake) Diet. Herpetological Review 47 (1): 146 - get paper here
  • Woodbury, Angus Munn 1928. The reptiles of Zion National Park. Copeia 1928 (166): 14-21 - get paper here
  • Woolrich-Piña, Guillermo A, Paulino Ponce-Campos, Jesús Loc-Barragán, Juan Pablo Ramírez-Silva, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson, Elí García-Padilla and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Nayarit, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 376-448 - get paper here
  • Wright, A. H., & Wright, A. A. 1957. Handbook of Snakes of the United States and Canada 1. Constable, London, xviii + 564 pp. - get paper here
 
External links  
Is it interesting? Share with others:

As link to this species use URL address:

https://reptile-database.reptarium.cz/species?genus=Diadophis&species=punctatus

without field 'search_param'. Field 'search_param' is used for browsing search result.



Please submit feedback about this entry to the curator