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Dibamus dezwaani DAS & LIM, 2005

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Higher TaxaDibamidae, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymDibamus dezwaani DAS & LIM 2005
Dibamus dezwaani — DAS & LIM 2009
Dibamus dezwaani — QUAH et al. 2017
Dibamus dezwaani — KLIUKIN et al. 2024 
DistributionIndonesia (Nias)

Type locality: Lelewua, 1°13'N 97°34'E, 360 m elevation, Pulau Nias (Nias Island), Sumatera Utara Propinsi, Indonesia  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMA.RENA 15498 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A small species of Dibamus, distinguishable from congeners using the following combination of characters: SVL 123.1 mm; body relatively slender, 3.0% SVL; postoculars two; midbody scale rows 22; ventrals 178; subcaudals 37; frontonasal entire; incomplete rostral sutures; labial and nasals sutures complete; preanal pores absent; nuchal collar and body band absent; presacral vertebrae 126; postsacral vertebrae 23, and tail relatively short (12.75% SVL).
The new species of Dibamus from Pulau Nias is compared with all nominal species. The Nias material had been allocated to D. alfredi Taylor, 1962 (distribution: southern Thailand) by Greer (1985) but differentiated from that species in having the labial and nasal sutures complete and fused (vs. incomplete); midbody scale rows 22 (vs. 20); subcaudals 37 (vs. 41-47); and interparietal smaller (vs. larger) than frontal.
The new species has paired postoculars, which differentiates it from the following congeners with a single postocular: Dibamus bogadeki Darevsky, 1992 (Hong Kong, eastern China), Dibamus booliati Das and Yaakob, 2003 (northern Malay Peninsula), Dibamus bourreti Angel, 1935 (Tam Dao, Vietnam), Dibamus deharvengi Ineich, 1999 (Binh Chaˆu, Vietnam), Dibamus greeri Darevsky, 1992 (Vietnam), Dibamus montanus Smith, 1921 (Le Bosquet, Langbian Plateau, Vietnam), Dibamus nicobaricus (Fitzinger in Steindachner, 1867; Nicobar Archipelago, Bay of Bengal, India), and Dibamus leucurus (Bleeker, 1860; Sumatra, Borneo and islands of the southern Philippines). It also differs from Dibamus taylori Greer, 1985 (Sumba, Flores,Wetar and Lombok), which has 3-4 postoculars.
Dibamus somsaki Honda et al., 1997 (Khao Soi Dao National Park, Chanthaburi Province, Thailand) differs from the new species in having a complete (vs. absent) median rostral suture and subcaudals 57-59 (vs. 37). Dibamus ingeri Das and Lim (2003) from Borneo differs from the Nias species in showing a relatively stout body-body width 4.7% SVL (vs. 3.0%), frontonasals divided (vs. undivided), presacral vertebrae 97, postsacral vertebrae 21, and cream nuchal band (absent). Dibamus vorisi Das and Lim (2003), also from Borneo, differs from the new Nias species in having a lower subcaudals count, 33 (vs. 37); labial suture absent (vs. present), presacral vertebrae 97, postsacral vertebrae 20, and a pale brown body band (absent). Dibamus kondaoensis Honda et al., 2001 (Kondao Island, Vietnam) differs from the new species in having complete median rostral suture (incomplete), subcaudals 59 (vs. 37), presacral vertebrae 140 (vs. 126), postsacral vertebrae 33 (vs. 23), and scales bordering posterior edge of first infralabial three (vs. four). Dibamus smithi Greer, 1985 (Daban, Langbian Plateau, Vietnam) differs from the new species in showing midbody scale counts of 18- 19 (vs. 22), subcaudal counts of 59-61 (vs. 37), presacral vertebrae 130-137 (vs. 126), and postsacral vertebrae 30-34 (vs. 23).
The Nias species differs from Dibamus tiomanensis Diaz et al., 2004, from Pulau Tioman, Pahang, islands off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia, in showing 37 (vs. 45) subcaudals, 22 (vs. 23) midbody scale rows, 178 (vs. 220) ventrals, and interparietal surrounded by four (vs. 3) nuchals. It differs from Dibamus celebensis Schlegel, 1858 (Sulawesi, eastern Indonesia), in showing 22 (vs. 26-30) midbody scale rows, interparietal surrounded by four (vs. 3) nuchals, and postsacral counts of 17-20 in females; from D. novaeguineae Dume´ril and Bibron, 1839 (southern Philippines, Maluku and eastern New Guinea), in showing frontonasal deeper than frontal (vs. subequal), interparietal surrounded by four (vs. 3) nuchals, and presacral counts of 115-125 in females.
Finally, the new species differs from Dibamus seramensis Greer, 1985 (Seram, Makulu, eastern Indonesia) in its small size, SVL of the only specimen known 123.1 mm (vs. a maximum SVL of 203 mm), postoculars two (vs. 4), interparietal distinctly enlarged (vs. weakly differentiated) from adjacent scales, midbody scale rows 22 (vs. 33), and subcaudals 37 (vs. 40). 
CommentAbundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). This is one of the species called 'lost' and 'rediscovered' by Lindken et al. 2024. 
EtymologyNamed after Johannes Pieter Kleiweg de Zwaan (1875–1971), a Dutch professor of anthropology at Amsterdam University, and collector of the type specimen. 
References
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Das, I. & K.K.P. Lim 2005. A new species of Dibamus (Squamata,: Dibamidae) from Pulau Nias, Indonesia. Journal of Herpetology 39 (1): 113-117 - get paper here
  • DAS, INDRANEIL & KELVIN K. P. LIM. 2009. A new species of Dibamus (Squamata: Dibamidae) from Pulau Simeuleu, Mentawai Archipelago, Indonesia. Zootaxa 2088: 15-23 - get paper here
  • KLIUKIN, N. S., VAN NGUYEN, T. A. N., LE, S. X., BRAGIN, A. M., TRAN, T. T. V., GORIN, V. A., & POYARKOV, N. A. 2023. A new species of the genus Dibamus Duméril & Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Dibamidae) from the driest and hottest place of Vietnam. Zootaxa 5380 (4): 301-320 - get paper here
  • KLIUKIN, NIKITA S.; ANDREY M. BRAGIN; TAN VAN NGUYEN; SON XUAN LE; TIN TRONG VO TRAN; VLADISLAV A. GORIN & NIKOLAY A. POYARKOV 2024. Another new species of Dibamus Duméril & Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Dibamidae) from Nui Chua National Park, Ninh Thuan Province, Vietnam Zootaxa 5406 (1): 087–104 - get paper here
  • KOPPETSCH, THORE; WOLFGANG BÖHME, ANDRÉ KOCH 2019. A new species of Dibamus Duméril & Bibron, 1839 (Squamata: Dibamidae) from Pulau Manado Tua, Northern Sulawesi, Indonesia. Zootaxa 4555 (3): 331–345 - get paper here
  • Lindken T.; Anderson, C. V., Ariano-Sánchez, D., Barki, G., Biggs, C., Bowles, P., Chaitanya, R., Cronin, D. T., Jähnig, S. C., Jeschke, J. M., Kennerley, R. J., Lacher, T. E. Jr., Luedtke, J. A., Liu, C., Long, B., Mallon, D., Martin, G. M., Meiri, 2024. What factors influence the rediscovery of lost tetrapod species? Global Change Biology, 30: 1-18 - get paper here
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions - get paper here
  • NEANG, THY; JEREMY HOLDEN,TOBY EASTOE,RATHEA SENG,, SAVENG ITH & L. LEE GRISMER 2011. A new species of Dibamus (Squamata: Dibamidae) from Phnom Samkos Wildlife Sanctuary, southwestern Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia. Zootaxa 2828: 58–68 - get paper here
  • Quah, Evan S. H.; Shahrul Anuar M. S., L. Lee Grismer & Rupert Grassby-Lewis 2017. A new species of Dibamus Duméril & Bibron 1839 (Squamata: Dibamidae) from a hill station in Peninsular Malaysia. RAFFLES BULLETIN OF ZOOLOGY 65: 681–690 - get paper here
 
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