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Dipsas catesbyi (SENTZEN, 1796)

IUCN Red List - Dipsas catesbyi - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Catesby's Snail-eater
Portuguese: Cobra-Cipó, Come-Lesma, Dormideira, Dorminhoca, Jararaquinha-Dormideira, Papa-Lesma 
SynonymColuber catesbeji SENTZEN 1796: 66 (error typographicus)
Dipsas catesbaei — BOIE 1827: 560 (nomen emendatum)
Dipsas Catesbyi — SCHLEGEL 1837: 279 (nomen emendatum)
? Stremmatognathus Catesbyi — DUMÉRIL, BIBRON & DUMÉRIL 1854: 522
Leptognathus Catesbyi — GÜNTHER 1858: 180
Leptognathus Catesbyi — BOULENGER 1886: 436
Leptognathus catesbyi — BOULENGER 1896: 449
Dipsas catesbyi — BEEBE 1946: 24
Sibynomorphus macedoi PRADO & HOGE 1947: 180
Dipsas catesbyi — PETERS 1956
Dipsas catesbyi — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 86
Dipsas catesbyi — GASC & RODRIGUES 1980
Dipsas catesbyi — KORNACKER 1999: 78
Dipsas catesbyi — WHITHWORTH & BEIRNE 2011
Dipsas catesbeji — WALLACH et al. 2014: 231
Dipsas catesbyi — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 
DistributionBolivia (Beni), Peru (Pasco etc.), Ecuador, Colombia, S Venezuela, Guyana, Brazil (Rondonia, Amazonas, Pará, Bahia, Acre, Roraima etc.), French Guiana, Suriname

Type locality: “probably America” (fide KORNACKER 1999)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: unlocated, 474 mm and 610 mm specimens (present location unknown fide Peters 1960:56, V. Wallach, pers. comm.) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: The following combination of characters distinguishes Dipsas catesbyi from all congeners: (1) dorsals 13 without reduction; (2) temporals excluded from orbit by postoculars; (3) usually one pair of infralabials in contact behind mental; (4) infralabials broadly contacting second pair of chinshields; sublabials separating infralabials from third chinshield, preventrals, and ventrals; (5) loreal square, excluded from orbit by lower preocular; (6) preocular present above loreal, excluding prefrontal from orbit; (7) head dark brown to black with white stripe across snout; (8) labials of snout and nuchal stripes white, immaculate or spotted; black bar below eye; (9) white nuchal collar extending onto last few supralabials; first blotch not reaching rictus, separated from parietals by 2–4 vertebrals; (10) dorsal body light to reddish brown with dark brown to black blotches edged first in cream then in dark brown; (11) blotches usually not complete ventrally, longer than interspaces, subrectangular anteriorly, oval on posterior body and narrowest at paraventrals; (12) interspaces mostly immaculate, accessory blotches absent from flanks; (13) venter with series of dark brown to black, rectangular blotches interrupting interspaces; venter cream to white or with varying amounts of interspace pigment with wide cream edging of ventral blotches; (14) ventrals 164–202 in males and 167–189 in females; (15) subcaudals 86–118 in males and 72–102 in females; (16) maxillary teeth 15–18 (HARVEY & EMBERT 2008: 72). 
CommentSynonymy partly after BOULENGER 1886 and WALLACH et al. 2014. Original orthography of catesbeji was presumed a typographical error, but that spelling is consistently used in Seetzen (1795: 320; 1796: 66) whereas Catesby’s name was correctly spelled.

Type: unknown fide PETERS 1960

Habitat: fully arboreal (Harrington et al. 2018).

Distribution: see map in Sánchez-Martínez et al. 2022. 
EtymologyNamed after Mark Catesby (~1682-1749), British explorer who traveled to the South-Eastern US and who published The Natural History of Carolina, Florida and the Bahama Islands in two volumes in 1747. For more details see Nelson & Elliot 2015 and McKeever 2023. 
References
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