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Draco lineatus DAUDIN, 1802

IUCN Red List - Draco lineatus - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Draconinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Lined Flying Dragon 
SynonymDraco lineatus DAUDIN 1802: 298
Dracunculus personatus WIEGMANN 1834: 14 (nom. subst. pro Draco lineatus)
Dracunculus lineatus — WIEGMANN in MEYEN 1834: 217
Draco bourouniensis LESSON 1834: pl. 37
Draco amboinensis LESSON 1834
Draco daudinii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 451 (nom. subst. for several species)
Draco lineatus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1837: 459
Dracunculus lineatus — FITZINGER in TREITSCHKE 1842: 116
Draco reinwardtii FITZINGER 1843
Draco lineatus — BOULENGER 1885: 264
Draco ochropterus — WERNER 1910: 11
Draco lineatus — WERNER 1910: 12
Draco lineatus — DE ROOIJ 1915: 76
Draco ochropterus— DE ROOIJ 1915: 79
Draco lineatus var. ochropterus — SMITH & PROCTER 1921
Draco buruensis DE JONG 1926: 89 (fide HENNIG 1936)
Draco toxopei DE JONG 1926: 88 (fide HENNIG 1936)
Draco lineatus bourouniensis — HENNIG 1936: 201
Draco lineatus bourouniensis — WERMUTH 1967: 50
Draco lineatus bourouniensis — MUSTERS 1983
Draco lineatus ochropterus — MUSTERS 1983
Draco lineatus — MUSTERS 1983
Draco lineatus bourouniensis — BRYGOO 1988: 4
Draco lineatus — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 176
Draco bourouniensis — MCGUIRE & KIEW 2001
Draco bourouniensis — ISKANDAR & ERDELEN 2006
Draco lineatus — MCGUIRE et al. 2007: 198 
DistributionMalaysia, Indonesia (Mentawi Archipelago), Philippines

amboinensis: Amboina Island, Ceram (= Seram), Misol? (fide WERMUTH 1967: 49). Type locality: “Insula Moluccarum dicta a peregrinatoribus Amboine”.

bourouniensis: Buru Island. Type locality: “Insula Moluccarum vulgo dicta Bourou”.

ochropterus: Kei Islands. Type locality: “Key Inseln”.

Type locality: Java  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost (fide Brygoo, 1988)
Syntypes: ZMA.RENA 10931, 10932-33, all males [bourouniensis] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (group): The Draco lineatus group is comprised of nine species (biaro, caerulhians, lineatus, supriatnai, iskandari, beccarii, rhytisma, spilonotus, walkeri). The species group is diagnosed on the basis of the following features: (1) a strong statistical mode of five ribs supporting each wing (versus six), (2) absence of lacrimal bones (versus presence), (3) nostrils oriented laterally (versus posterodorsally), and (4) dewlap scalation small and undifferentiated (versus enlarged distally). The only Draco species that cannot be distinguished from the D. lineatus group on the basis of these characters is D. bimaculatus of the southern Philippines (which we comment on below). Most Draco lineatus group species can be distinguished primarily on the basis of adult male coloration because these lizards are characterized by granular squamation that is not conducive either to the evolution or the discovery of heritable species-specific differences. Presumably because most of the taxonomically useful characters are based on adult male coloration, many previous workers have chosen to treat distinct taxa within this group as subspecies (from MCGUIRE et al. 2007). 
CommentSynonymy and distributions after WERMUTH 1967 and McGuire et al. 2007. GÜNTHER 1872 used “spilopterus” in the text of his paper but “spilonotus” in the legend of the figure. Anyway, “spilopterus” is preoccupied by Dracunculus spilopterus WIEGMANN 1834. Brygoo 1988 considered Draco amboinensis as a synonym of Draco (Iineatus) bourouniensis.

Subspecies: after WERMUTH 1967 and McGuire et al. 2007. The former subspecies of D. lineatus, D. l. bimaculatus GÜNTHER 1864, rhytisma MUSTERS 1983, spilonotus GÜNTHER 1872, modigliani, and beccarii have been elevated to species status.

NCBI taxonID: 162338 [bourouniensis] 
EtymologyNamed after Latin “linea”, meaning stripe or line. 
References
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1891. Description of new oriental reptiles & batrachians. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (7) 6: 279-283 - get paper here
  • Brygoo, E.R. 1988. Les types d’Agamidés (Reptiles, Sauriens) du Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle Catalogue critique. Bull. Mus. Nat. Hist. Nat. 10 (ser. 4) A (3), suppl.: 1-56
  • Capocaccia, L. 1961. Catalogo dei tipi di Rettili del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova [MSNG]. Ann. Mus. Civ. Stor. Nat. Giacomo Doria 72: 86-111 - get paper here
  • Daan, S. & Hillenius,D. 1966. Catalogue of the type specimens of amphibians and reptiles in the Zoological Museum, Amsterdam. Beaufortia 13: 117-144
  • Daudin, F. M. 1802. Histoire Naturelle, génerale et particulièredes reptiles, ouvrage faisant suite, a l'histoiure naturelle, générale et particulière composée par LECLERC DE BUFFON, et redigée par C. S. SONNINI, vol. 3. F. Dufart, Paris, 452 pp. - get paper here
  • De JONG,J.K. 1926. Fauna buruana: reptiles. Treubia, Buitenzorg, 7: 85-96 - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A. M. C. and G. Bibron. 1837. Erpétologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 4. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 570 pp. - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1864. The Reptiles of British India. London (Taylor & Francis), xxvii + 452 pp. - get paper here
  • Günther, A. 1872. On the reptiles and amphibians of Borneo. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1872: 586-600. - get paper here
  • Hennig, W. 1936. Revision der Gattung Draco (Agamidae). Temminckia, Leiden 1: 153-220
  • Honda, Masanao; Ota, Hidetoshi; Kobayashi, Mari; Nabhitabhata,Jarujin; Yong, Soi-Sen & Hikida,Tsutomu 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of the flying lizards, genus Draco (Reptilia: Agamidae). Zoological Science 16: 535-549 - get paper here
  • Inger,R.F. 1983. Morphological and ecological variation in the flying lizards (genus Draco). Fieldiana: Zoology, New Ser. 18: vi, 1-35 - get paper here
  • Iskandar, Djoko T. and Walter R. Erdelen 2006. Conservation of amphibians and reptiles in Indonesia: issues and problems. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 4 (1): 60-87 - get paper here
  • Koch, André, Evy A. Arida and Wolfgang Böhme 2007. Zwischenbericht über die Herpetofauna Sulawesis unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Gattung Varanus: phylogeographische Beziehungen zu angrenzenden Gebieten. Elaphe 15 (3):42-52
  • Lazell J D Jr 1987. A new flying lizard from the Sangihe Archipelago, Indonesia. Breviora (488): 1-9 - get paper here
  • Lesson, R.P. 1834. Illustrations de Zoologie. Arthus Bertrand - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. - get paper here
  • McGuire, Jimmy A. & Heang, Kiew Bong 2001. Phylogenetic systematics of Southeast Asian flying lizards (Iguania: Agamidae: Draco) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 72: 203–229 - get paper here
  • MCGUIRE, JIMMY A.; RAFE M. BROWN, MUMPUNI, AWAL RIYANTO, AND NOVIAR ANDAYANI 2007. The flying lizards of the Draco lineatus group (Squamata: Iguania: Agamidae): A taxonomic revision with descriptions of two new species. Herpetological Monographs 21 (1): 180-213. - get paper here
  • Musters, C. J. M. 1983. Taxonomy of the genus Draco L. (Agamidae, Lacertilia, Reptilia). Zoologische Verhandelingen (199): 1-120 - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig and G. Doria. 1878. Catalogo dei retilli e dei batraci raccolti da O. Beccari, L. M. D'Alberts e A. A. Bruijn. nella sotto-regione Austro-Malese. Annali del Museo Civico de Storia Naturale di Genova. ser. 1, 13: 323-450 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. & PROCTER, J.B. 1921. On a collection of reptiles and batrachians from the island of Ceram, Indo-Australian Archipelago. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (9) 7: 352-355 - get paper here
  • Treitschke, R. (Hrsg.) 1839. Naturhistorischer Bildersaal des Thierreiches. nach William Jardine bearbeitet, nebst einem Vorworte von Karl Vogel; 4 Bände. Pesth & Leipzig (C. A. Hartleben), [1839, 1841, 1842, 1843 for the 4 volumes]
  • Vinciguerra, D. 1892. Rettili e batraci di Engano. Ann. Mus. civ. stor. nat. Genova, 2. Ser. 7 (32): 517-526. - get paper here
  • Wermuth, Heinz 1967. Liste der rezenten Amphibien und Reptilien. Agamidae. Das Tierreich 86: 1-127
  • Werner,F. 1910. Über neue oder seltene Reptilien des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. ii. Eidechsen. Jahrb. Hamburg. Wiss. Anst., vol. 27 (1909), suppl. no. 2, 1910, pp. 1-46; reprinted: 1910, Mitteil. Naturhist. Mus. Hamburg, vol. 27: 205-) - get paper here
  • Wiegmann,A.F.A. 1834. Herpetologia Mexicana, seu descriptio amphibiorum novae hispaniae , quae itineribus comitis de Sack, Ferdinandi Deppe et Chr. Guil. Schiede im Museum Zoologicum Berolinense Pervenerunt. Pars prima, saurorum species. Berlin, Lüderitz, iv + 54 pp. - get paper here
 
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