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Draco blanfordii BOULENGER, 1885

IUCN Red List - Draco blanfordii - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Draconinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Blanford’s Flying Lizard
G: Blanfords Flugdrache
Chinese: 裸耳飞蜥 
SynonymDraco major BLANFORD 1878: 125 (not of LAURENTI)
Draco blanfordii BOULENGER 1885: 267 (nom. nov.)
Draco cyanolaemus BOULENGER 1908 (fide HENNIG 1936)
Draco blanfordi — SMITH 1935: 141
Draco blanfordii — TAYLOR 1963: 855
Draco blanfordi blanfordi — MUSTERS 1983
Draco blanfordii — MANTHEY & GROSSMANN 1997: 168
Draco blanfordii — COX et al. 1998: 102
Draco blanfordi blanfordi — MANTHEY & SCHUSTER 1999: 55
Draco blanfordii — BARTS & WILMS 2003
Draco blanfordii — GRISMER & QUAH 2019
Draco blanfordii — STUART et al. in WCS 2024 
DistributionChina (SW Yunnan)
E Thailand, Laos, W Malaysia (incl. Pulau Langkawi, Pulau Singa Besar, Tuba Island), S Myanmar (= Burma), Vietnam, India, Bangladesh

Type locality: “in provincia Tenasserim, haud procul ab urbe Tavoy atque ad radices montis Nawlabu dicti”, restricted to the forest fo Tavoy by SMITH 1935.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: BMNH 1946.8.26.76 (designated by Musters 1983). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Patagium in males usually without dark bands; a black, longitudinal line on the border between the gular pouch and the lateral pouch; gular pouch in males 1.43-1.87 times the head length and in females 0.57-0.63 times the head length (Musters 1983: 14).


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CommentThe dewlap of D. indochinensis is widest at its base, decreases in width over its entire length, and terminates in a sharp point. In contrast, the dewlap of D. blanfordii is distally expanded with a basal constriction, and terminates in a rounded distal edge. Draco indochinensis also differs from D. blanfordii in the presence (in both sexes) of a thick, black transverse band that extends across the posterior gular region from one throat lappet to the other, and in the presence of dark radial bands on the dorsal surfaces of the patagia in both sexes rather than in females only. See also STUART et al. (2006).

Synonymy: Draco blanfordii indochinensis SMITH 1928 is considered as a valid species again.

Distribution: see map in Manthey 2010: 109. 
EtymologyNamed after William Thomas Blanford (1832-1905), member of the Geological Survey of India. 
References
  • Ahsan, M. Farid 1992. A record of Draco blandfordii from Bangladesh. Hamadryad 17: 39-40 - get paper here
  • Barts, M. & Wilms, T. 2003. Die Agamen der Welt. Draco 4 (14): 4-23 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Blanford, W.T. 1878. Notes on some Reptilia from the Himalayas and Burma. J. Asiat. Soc. Bengal (2) xlvii: 125-131 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1908. Report on the Gunong Tahan expedition, May - Sept. 1905.111. Fishes, batrachians and reptiles. J. Fed. Malay St. Mus., Singapore, 3: 61-69. - get paper here
  • Chan-ard, T., Parr, J.W.K. & Nabhitabhata, J. 2015. A field guide to the reptiles of Thailand. Oxford University Press, NY, 352 pp. [see book reviews by Pauwels & Grismer 2015 and Hikida 2015 for corrections] - get paper here
  • Chan-ard,T.; Grossmann,W.; Gumprecht,A. & Schulz,K. D. 1999. Amphibians and reptiles of peninsular Malaysia and Thailand - an illustrated checklist [bilingual English and German]. Bushmaster Publications, Würselen, Gemany, 240 pp. [book review in Russ. J Herp. 7: 87] - get paper here
  • Cox, Merel J.; Van Dijk, Peter Paul; Jarujin Nabhitabhata & Thirakhupt,Kumthorn 1998. A Photographic Guide to Snakes and Other Reptiles of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and Thailand. Ralph Curtis Publishing, 144 pp.
  • Goldberg, Stephen R. and L. Lee Grismer. 2015. Notes on reproduction of seven species of Draco: D. abbreviatus, D. blanfordii, D. formosus, D. maculatus, D. maximus, D. sumatranus, D. taeniopterus (Squamata: Agamidae) from South-east Asia. Hamadryad 37 (1-2): 117-121 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee. 2008. A new species of insular skink (Genus Sphenomorphus Fitzinger 1843) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, West Malaysia with the first report of the herpetofauna of Pulau Singa Besar and an updated checklist of the herpetofauna of Pulau Langkawi. Zootaxa 1691: 53-66 - get paper here
  • GRISMER, L. LEE; & EVAN S. H. QUAH 2019. An updated and annotated checklist of the lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, and their adjacent archipelagos. Zootaxa 4545 (2): 230–248 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L. Lee; Chan K. Onn, Jesse L. Grismer, Perry L. Wood, Jr., and A. Norhayati 2010. A CHECKLIST OF THE HERPETOFAUNA OF THE BANJARAN BINTANG, PENINSULAR MALAYSIA. Russ. J. Herpetol. 17 (2): 147-160 - get paper here
  • Grismer, L.L. 2011. Lizards of Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore and their adjacent archipelagos. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt, 728 pp. [review in Herp. Rev. 43: 155] - get paper here
  • Hennig, W. 1936. Revision der Gattung Draco (Agamidae). Temminckia, Leiden 1: 153-220
  • Honda, Masanao; Ota, Hidetoshi; Kobayashi, Mari; Nabhitabhata,Jarujin; Yong, Soi-Sen & Hikida,Tsutomu 1999. Phylogenetic relationships of the flying lizards, genus Draco (Reptilia: Agamidae). Zoological Science 16: 535-549 - get paper here
  • Inger,R.F. 1983. Morphological and ecological variation in the flying lizards (genus Draco). Fieldiana: Zoology, New Ser. 18: vi, 1-35 - get paper here
  • Macey, J. R., J. A. Schulte II, A. Larson, N. B. Ananjeva, Y. Wang, R. Pethiyagoda, N. Rastegar-Pouyani, T. J. Papenfuss 2000. Evaluating trans-Tethys migration: an example using acrodont lizard phylogenetics. Systematic Biology 49 (2): 233-256 - get paper here
  • Manthey, U. & Grossmann, W. 1997. Amphibien & Reptilien Südostasiens. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 512 pp. (ISBN 3-931587-12-6) - get paper here
  • Manthey,U. & SCHUSTER,N. 1999. Agamen, 2. Aufl. Natur und Tier Verlag (Münster), 120 pp. - get paper here
  • McGuire, Jimmy A. & Heang, Kiew Bong 2001. Phylogenetic systematics of Southeast Asian flying lizards (Iguania: Agamidae: Draco) as inferred from mitochondrial DNA sequence data. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 72: 203–229 - get paper here
  • Nampochai, W., Rongchapho, P., Makchai, S., & Cota, M. 2021. Distribution of the Flying Lizard Genus Draco Linnaeus, 1758 (Squamata: Agamidae) of the Reference Collection of the Natural History Museum, National Science Museum, Thailand. The Thailand Natural History Museum Journal 15(1), 65-72 - get paper here
  • ONN, CHAN KIN; L. LEE. GRISMER, DIONYSIUS S. SHARMA, DAICUS BELABUT, and NORHAYATI AHMA 2009. New herpetofaunal records for Perlis State Park and adjacent areas. Malayan Nature Journal 61 (4): 255 - 262
  • Pauwels, O.S.G.; David, P.; Chimsunchart, C. & Thirakhupt, K. 2003. Reptiles of Phetchaburi Province, Western Thailand: a list of species, with natural history notes, and a discussion on the biogeography at the Isthmus of Kra. Natural History Journal of Chulalongkorn University 3 (1): 23-53 - get paper here
  • Pauwels,O.S.G. et al. 2000. Herpetological investigations in Phang-Nga Province, southern Peninsular Thailand, with a list of reptile species and notes on their biology. Dumerilia 4 (2): 123-154 - get paper here
  • QUAH, EVAN S. H.; PERRY L. JR. WOOD, M.S. SHAHRUL ANUAR, MOHD ABDUL MUIN 2020. A new species of Cnemaspis Strauch 1887 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the Langkawi Archipelago, Kedah, Peninsular Malaysia with an updated checklist of the herpetofauna of Tuba Island. Zootaxa 4767 (1): 138–160 - get paper here
  • Simmons, J.E. & Snider, J. 2012. Observation and Distillation-Preservation, Depiction, and the Perception of Nature. Bibliotheca Herpetologica 9 (1-2): 115-134 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1928. Description of a new species of Draco from the Indo-Chinese Region. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (10) 2: 248 - get paper here
  • Smith, M.A. 1935. The fauna of British India, including Ceylon and Burma. Reptiles and Amphibia, Vol. II. Sauria. Taylor and Francis, London, 440 pp.
  • Smith, Malcolm A. 1937. Draco blanfordi and its allies. Bulletin of the Raffles Museum 13: 75-76
  • Srichairat, Nattawut; Pattanee Jantrarotai, Prateep Duengkaeb, Yodchaiy Chuaynkern 2017. Identification key to species of the flying lizard genus Draco Linnaeus, 1758 (Squamata: Agamidae) in Thailand. Agriculture and Natural Resources - get paper here
  • Taylor, E.H. 1963. The lizards of Thailand. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 44: 687-1077. - get paper here
  • Venugopal, P.D. 2010. An updated and annotated list of Indian lizards (Reptilia: Sauria) based on a review of distribution records and checklists of Indian reptiles. Journal of Threatened Taxa 2 (3): 725-738. - get paper here
  • Wang K, Lyu ZT, Wang J, Qi S, Che J 2022. Updated Checklist and Zoogeographic Division of the Reptilian Fauna of Yunnan Province, China. Biodiversity Science 30 (4): 21326, 1–31 - get paper here
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  • WCS 2024. Wildlife in Lao PDR, 2024 Status Report. Vientiane; Wildlife Conservation Society Lao PDR Program
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