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Ebenavia tuelinae HAWLITSCHEK, SCHERZ, RUTHENSTEINER, CROTTINI & GLAW, 2018

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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymEbenavia tuelinae HAWLITSCHEK, SCHERZ, RUTHENSTEINER, CROTTINI & GLAW 2018
Ebenavia inunguis — BLANC 1971, partim
Ebenavia inunguis — BLANC 1972, partim
Ebenavia inunguis — NUSSBAUM & RAXWORTHY 1998, partim
Ebenavia inunguis — MEIRTE 1999, partim
Ebenavia inunguis — MEIRTE 2004
Ebenavia inunguis — HAWLITSCHEK et al. 2011
Ebenavia inunguis — HAWLITSCHEK et al. 2013
Ebenavia inunguis complex Clade A — HAWLITSCHEK et al. 2016
Ebenavia inunguis complex Comoros Clade — HAWLITSCHEK et al. 2016
Ebenavia cf. inunguis — HAWLITSCHEK et al. 2017 
DistributionComor Islands (Grand Comoro, Mohéli, and Anjouan)

Type locality: Dzialandée, Anjouan, Comoros (12.2277° S, 44.4320° E, 922 m elevation)  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: ZSM 68/2010 (FGZC 1592), adult male, collected 21 March 2010, by O. Hawlitschek, J. Berger, B. Brückmann, and F. Glaw. Paratypes: ZSM 716/2000 (FG/MV 2000–816), adult male, collected 05 March 2000, on the slope of Mt. Karthala, Grand Comoro, Comoros (11.7161° S, 43.2886° E, 640 m a.s.l.), by F. Glaw and K. Schmidt; ZSM 64–65/2010 (FGZC 1529–1530), adult males, and ZSM 66/2010 (FGZC 1531), adult female, collected 01 March 2010, at Chalêt St. Antoine, Mohéli, Comoros (12.2884° S, 43.6642° E, 702 m a.s.l.), by O. Hawlitschek, J. Berger, and B. Brückmann; ZSM 67/ 2010 (FGZC 4027), adult male, collected 04 April 2010, at Singani, Grand Comoro, Comoros (11.8503° S, 43.2980° E, 22 m a.s.l.), by O. Hawlitschek, J. Berger, and B. Brückmann. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Morphological data is given in Table 2 and ESM 1, a photograph of a living specimen is available in Fig. 4c. Distinguished from Ebenavia maintimainty, E. boettgeri, and E. robusta sp. nov. by rostral scale in contact with nostril (RNO = yes); from E. maintimainty by larger SVL (32.9–35.2 vs. ≤ 24 mm), rostral scale bordered by postrostrals distinct from posterior head scales, absence of prenasal scale between rostral and nostril, keeled abdominal scales, and lighter colour; from E. inunguis by ratio HL/SVL (0.24–0.30 vs. 0.23–0.26), EE/HL (0.27–0.36 vs. 0.33–0.39), and higher DTAP (52–62 vs. 33– 43); from E. safari sp. nov. by ratio EE/HL (0.27–0.36 vs. 0.29–0.42), HINL/AGD (0.67–0.86 vs. 0.55–0.80), and higher DTAP (52–62 vs. 38–54); from E. boettgeri by ratio EE/HL (0.27–0.36 vs. 0.29–0.41), and higher DTAP (52–62 vs. 33– 49); from E. robusta sp. nov. by absence of distinct tubercles on hindlimbs (TUB = no), smaller SVL (32.9–35.2 vs. 34.4– 42.6 mm), smaller ratio of BW/SVL (0.13–0.17 vs. 0.15– 0.22), lower ILAB (9–10 vs. 10–11), IOS (18–21 vs. 20–23), and higher number of DTAP (52–62 vs. 46–51). Furthermore, distinguished from E. boettgeri and E. safari sp. nov. by short nasal process of premaxilla; from all other analysed Ebenavia except E. robusta sp. nov. by short premaxillary lappets of nasals; from E. safari sp. nov. by recognisable basal tubercle on basisphenoid; and from all other analysed Ebenavia by a codon insertion of AGG (Glutamine) at position 498 from the 5′ primer binding site of the PRLR fragment. (Hawlitschek et al. 2018: 11)


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CommentHabitat: mostly humid forests; ZSM 67/2010 was found in a pineapple plantation at sea level near a stand of dry forest). The specimens of Mohéli were all collected on or around a derelict hut on the central forest ridge. A further specimen was observed, but not collected, in a fragment of degraded dry forest near Ouallah (12.3270° S, 43.6578° E, 32 m a.s.l.).

Distribution: see map in Hawlitschek et al. 2018: 48 (Fig. 5). 
EtymologyA matronym dedicated to the first author’s partner Tülin (alternative spelling Tuelin) for her ceaseless support of this and other works and for her excellent spotting abilities in the field. 
References
  • Blanc, C.P. 1972. Les reptiles de Madagascar et des iles voisines. in Battistini & Richard-Vindard, eds.: 501-614.
  • Blanc, Charles P. 1971. Les Reptiles de Madagascar et des Iles Voisines. Annales Univ. Madagascar, Ser. Sci. Nat. Math. (Tananarive), 8: 95-178.
  • Hawlitschek O, Nagy ZT, Berger J, Glaw F 2013. Reliable DNA Barcoding Performance Proved for Species and Island Populations of Comoran Squamate Reptiles. PLoS One 8 (9): e73368. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0073368 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, O., Ramírez Garrido, S. and Glaw, F. 2017. How marine currents influenced the widespread natural overseas dispersal of reptiles in the Western Indian Ocean region. J. Biogeogr., 44: 1435–1440. doi:10.1111/jbi.12940 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, O., Toussaint, E. F. A., Gehring, P.-S., Ratsoavina, F. M., Cole, N., Crottini, A., Nopper, J., Lam, A. W., Vences, M. and Glaw, F. 2016. Gecko phylogeography in the Western Indian Ocean region: the oldest clade of Ebenavia inunguis lives on the youngest island. J. Biogeogr., doi:10.1111/jbi.12912 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, Oliver; Boris Brückmann, Johannes Berger, Katie Green, Frank Glaw 2011. Integrating field surveys and remote sensing data to study distribution, habitat use and conservation status of the herpetofauna of the Comoro Islands. ZooKeys 144: 21-79 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, Oliver; Mark D. Scherz; Bernhard Ruthensteiner; Angelica Crottini & Frank Glaw 2018. Computational molecular species delimitation and taxonomic revision of the gecko genus Ebenavia Boettger, 1878. The Science of Nature 105:49 - get paper here
  • Kwet, A. 2019. Liste der im Jahr 2018 neu beschriebenen Reptilien. Elaphe 2019 (3): 52-72
  • Meirte D 2004. Reptiles. In: Louette M, Meirte D, Jocqué R (Eds) La faune terrestre de l'archipel des Comores. Studies in Afrotropical Zoology 293:199–220
  • Meirte,D. 1999. In: Louette,M., La faune terrestre de Mayotte. Annales Sciences Zoologiques, Musée Royal de l’Afrique centrale, Tervuren, Belgique 284: 247 pp.
  • Nussbaum, Ronald A. and Christopher J. Raxworthy 1998. Revision of tyhe genus Ebenavia Boettger (Reptilia: Squamata: Gekkonidae). Herpetologica 54 (1): 18-34. - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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