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Ebenavia inunguis BOETTGER, 1878

IUCN Red List - Ebenavia inunguis - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaGekkonidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Madagascar Clawless Gecko
D: Pinselschwanzgecko 
SynonymEbenavia inunguis BOETTGER 1878
Ebenavia inunguis — BOULENGER 1885: 96
Ebenavia boettgeri BOULENGER 1885: 96
Ebenavia inunguis — KLUGE 1993
Ebenavia inunguis — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 263
Ebenavia inunguis — RÖSLER 1995: 114
Ebenavia inunguis — BROADLEY & HOWELL 1991: 9
Ebenavia inunguis — RÖSLER 2000: 78
Ebenavia inunguis — SPAWLS et al. 2018: 75 
DistributionNW Madagascar, Nossi Be

Type locality: Nossi Be = Nosy Bé  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: SMF 8318, originally 4096a, adult male. Boettger (1878:10) explicitly stated that his description was based on a single individual. Boettger (1893:26) indicated that 4096a consisted of four individuals. Mertens (1967) selected the original holotype as the lectotype of a series that also comprised three adult females SMF 8332–8334, which were originally joined with SMF 8318 under the number 4096a. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus). Leaf-toed (phyllodactyle) gekkonines with claws restricted to digits of pes of females; dorsolateral scales of head, body, and limbs multicarinate except few enlarged anterior plates on tip of snout of E. inunguis; variable number of multicarinate scales on tail and ventral surfaces. (Nussbaum & Raxworthy 1998) 
CommentSynonymy: Ebenavia boettgeri Boulenger, 1885 was considered a synonym of Ebenavia inunguis by Boulenger (1887) and subsequent authors but was resurrected as a valid species by Hawlitschek et al. 2018.

Type Species: Ebenavia inunguis BOETTGER 1878 is the type species of the genus Ebenavia BOETTGER 1878.

Taxonomy: Hawlitschek et al. 2016 provide evidence for the existence of a species complex.

Distribution: see map in Hawlitschek et al. 2018: 48 (Fig. 5).

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyThe specific name "inunguis", (Latin) for "without claws", is a misnomer as females have claws on their toes (but see description). 
References
  • Andreone F., Randrianirina J., Jenkins P.D. & Aprea G. 2000. Species diversity of Amphibia, Reptilia and Lipotyphla (Mammalia) at Ambolokopatrika, a rainforest between the Anjanaharibe-Sud and Marojejy massifs, NE Madagascar. Biodiversity and Conservation 9: 1587–1622 - get paper here
  • Barbour, Thomas 1918. Vertebrata from Madagascar. 2. Amphibia and Reptilia. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 61 (14): 479-489. - get paper here
  • Bauer A M. Good D A. Branch W R. 1997. The taxonomy of the Southern African leaf-toed geckos (Squamata: Gekkonidae), with a review of Old World "Phyllodactylus" and the description of five new genera. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 49 (14): 447-497. - get paper here
  • Boettger, O. 1878. Die Reptilien und Amphibien von Madagascar. I. Studien über Reptilien aus Madagascar. II. Aufzählung der bis jetzt von Madagascar bekannt gewordenen Reptilien und Amphibien. III. Bemerkungen über die verwandtschaftlichen und geographischen Beziehungen der Reptilien und Amphibien Madagascars. Abh. senckenb. naturf. Ges. (Frankfurt) 11: 1-56 [1877] - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Broadley, D. G. & HOWELL, K. M. 1991. A check list of the reptiles of Tanzania, with synoptic keys. Syntarsus 1: 1—70
  • Carretero, M.A.; Harris, J.D. & Rocha, S. 2005. Recent observation of reptiles in the Comoro islands (Western Indian Ocean). Herpetological Bulletin (91): 19-28
  • D'Cruze, Neil; Jeremy Sabel, Katie Green, Jeffrey Dawson, Carlie Gardner, Janine Robinson, Georgina Starkie, Miguel Vences, and Frank Glaw. 2007. The First Comprehensive Survey of Amphibians and Reptiles at Montagne des Francais, Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 2 (2): 87-99 - get paper here
  • D’Cruze, N.; Köhler, J.; Franzen, M & Glaw, F. 2008. A conservation assessment of the amphibians and reptiles of the Forêt d’Ambre Special Reserve, north Madagascar. MADAGASCAR CONSERVATION & DEVELOPMENT 3 (1): 44-54 - get paper here
  • Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3)
  • Hawlitschek, O., Toussaint, E. F. A., Gehring, P.-S., Ratsoavina, F. M., Cole, N., Crottini, A., Nopper, J., Lam, A. W., Vences, M. and Glaw, F. 2016. Gecko phylogeography in the Western Indian Ocean region: the oldest clade of Ebenavia inunguis lives on the youngest island. J. Biogeogr., doi:10.1111/jbi.12912 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, O.; F. Glaw & D. Rödder 2012. Pemba – Herpetologische Fundgrube im Indischen Ozean. Reptilia (Münster) 17 (97): 97-109 - get paper here
  • Hawlitschek, Oliver; Boris Brückmann, Johannes Berger, Katie Green, Frank Glaw 2011. Integrating field surveys and remote sensing data to study distribution, habitat use and conservation status of the herpetofauna of the Comoro Islands. ZooKeys 144: 21-79 - get paper here
  • Hyde-Roberts, S. & C. Daly 2014. A rapid herpetofaunal assessment of Nosy Komba Island, northwestern Madagascar, with new locality records for seventeen species. Salamandra 50 (1): 18-26 - get paper here
  • Krüger, Jens 1999. Neue Erkenntnisse zur Faunistik einiger Reptilien Madagaskars. Salamandra 35 (2): 65-76 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Rösler, Herbert 1995. Geckos der Welt - Alle Gattungen. Urania, Leipzig, 256 pp.
  • Schönecker, P. & Böhle, A. 2004. Die Geckogattungen Madagaskars. Draco 5 (19): 56-67 - get paper here
  • Spawls, S.; Howell, K.; Drewes, R.C. & Ashe, J. 2002. A field guide to the reptiles of East Africa. Academic Press, 543 pp. [reviews in HR 34: 396 and Afr. J. Herp. 51; 147] - get paper here
  • Spawls, Steve; Kim Howell, Harald Hinkel, Michele Menegon 2018. Field Guide to East African Reptiles. Bloomsbury, 624 pp. - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Werning, Heiko 2013. Der Pinselschwanzgecko, Ebenavia inunguis. Reptilia (Münster) 18 (101): 7 - get paper here
  • Zimmermann, H. 2001. Das erste “deutsche” Naturschutzgebiet in Madagaskar, der “Drachenbaum-Regenwald Maromiza bei Andasibe und seine Herpetofauna. Herpetofauna 23 (134): 28-34 - get paper here
 
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