Echinanthera cyanopleura (COPE, 1885)
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Echinanthera cyanopleura
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| Higher Taxa | Colubridae (Dipsadinae, Echinantherini), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes) |
| Subspecies | |
| Common Names | Portuguese: Cobrinha-Cipó, Corredeira-Grande-do-Mato, Papa-Rã |
| Synonym | Aporophis cyanopleurus COPE 1885: 191 Echinanthera cyanopleura Dromicus melanostigma — BOULENGER 1885 Liophis melanostigma — BOULENGER 1894 Leimadophis melanostigma — AMARAL 1930 Dromicus melanostigmus — LEMA 1980 Echinanthera cyanopleura — GIRAUDO & SCROCCHI 2002 Echinanthera cyanopleura — WALLACH et al. 2014: 253 Echinanthera cyanopleura — NOGUEIRA et al. 2019 |
| Distribution | Brazil (Espirito Santo, Rio Grande do Sul, Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, Sao Paulo, Parana, Santa Catarina), Argentina (Misiones) Type locality: Montenegro, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. |
| Reproduction | oviparous |
| Types | Syntypes: ANSP 11198-99 (2) |
| Diagnosis | Diagnosis (genus): Echinanthera can be recognized by (1) usually eight supralabials, with 2nd–3rd or 2nd only touching the loreal and 3rd–5th touching the orbit; (2) 17/17/17 dorsal scale rows usually with one or two apical pits; (3) middorsal pattern composed by an undulating dark-brown stripe (vestigial in E. cephalostriata, E. cyanopleura and E. melanostigma); (4) midventral portion with transverse bands at the base of the ventral scales, especially observable in adults; (5) hemipenis unilobed, unicalyculate and semicapitate, with an asulcate interspinal gap extending from the distal to the proximal region of the organ; in its distal end, it terminates in a homogeneous group of small to medium-sized papillae; (6) dorsolateral crests of the parietal bone inconspicuous in the region close to the contact with supraoccipital; (7) parabasisphenoid lateral crests conspicuous; (8) large number of maxillary (24–35), palatine (19–21), pterygoid (30–37) and dentary teeth (34–40) (Figures 4A–E, 5L–O, 7D, 8B–E and Table 1).” (Abegg et al. 2022) Additional details (3392 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. |
| Comment | Type species: Aporophis cyanopleurus COPE 1885: 191 is the type species of the genus Echinanthera COPE 1894. Type genus: Echinanthera COPE 1894 is the type genus of the tribus Echinantherini which contains Adelphostigma, Amnisiophis, Dibernardia, Echinanthera, Sordellina, and Taeniophallus, fide Abegg et al. 2022. For a comparison of morphological characters of these genera see Abegg et al. 2022: 10 (Table 1). |
| Etymology | Not given by Cope (1894), but Abegg et al. 2022 assume that the genus may be named after the Greek words εχις (echis = adder, viper) and ανθηρóς (antheros = flowery, blooming) (Liddell and Scott, 1883; Carreira et al., 2005), probably in reference to the color pattern. The genus name is feminine. |
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