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Elgaria coerulea (WIEGMANN, 1828)

IUCN Red List - Elgaria coerulea - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaAnguidae, Diploglossa, Sauria (lizards) 
SubspeciesElgaria coerulea coerulea (WIEGMANN 1828: 380)
Elgaria coerulea palmeri (STEJNEGER 1893: 196)
Elgaria coerulea principis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852
Elgaria coerulea shastensis (FITCH 1934) 
Common NamesNorthern Alligator Lizard
coerulea: San Francisco Alligator Lizard
palmeri: Sierra Alligator Lizard
principis: Northern Alligator Lizard
shastensis: Shasta Alligator Lizard 
SynonymGerrhonotus coeruleus WIEGMANN 1828: 380
Gerrhonotus burnetti GRAY 1831: 64 (fide SCHMIDT 1953)
Gerrhonotus caeruleus [sic] — BOULENGER 1885: 273
Gerrhonotus caeruleus [sic] — BOULENGER 1887: 346
Gerrhonotus burnetti — STEJNEGER 1893
Gerrhonotus coeruleus utahensis WOODBURY 1945
Gerrhonotus coeruleus — STEBBINS 1985: 166
Elgaria coerulea — CROTHER 2000
Elgaria coerulea coerulea — BOUNDY et al. 2012

Elgaria coerulea palmeri (STEJNEGER 1893)
Gerrhonotus scincicauda palmeri STEJNEGER 1893: 196
Gerrhonotus coeruleus palmeri — FITCH 1938
Elgaria coerulea palmeri — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Elgaria coerulea palmeri — BOUNDY et al. 2012

Elgaria coerulea principis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852
Elgaria principis BAIRD & GIRARD 1852: 175
Gerrhonotus coeruleus principis — FITCH 1936
Gerrhonotus coeruleus principis — FITCH 1938
Elgaria coerulea principis — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Elgaria coerulea principis — BOUNDY et al. 2012

Elgaria coerulea shastensis (FITCH 1934)
Gerrhonotus coeruleus shastensis FITCH 1934
Gerrhonotus coeruleus shastensis — FITCH 1936
Gerrhonotus coeruleus shastensis — FITCH 1938
Elgaria coerulea shastensis — COLLINS & TAGGART 2009
Elgaria coerulea shastensis — BOUNDY et al. 2012 
DistributionCanada (S British Columbia),
USA (Washington, Oregon, Utah, Idaho, Montana, California)

Type locality: “Brasilia” (in error); modified to “San Francisco, California” by STEJNEGER 1902. Map legend:
TDWG region - Region according to the TDWG standard, not a precise distribution map.

NOTE: TDWG regions are generated automatically from the text in the distribution field and this does not always work properly. We are working on it.
 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 1163 
CommentReproduction: viviparous. There is evidence for maternal-fetal transfer of nutrients in this species (Blackburn 1994).

Synonymy: partly after WERMUTH 1969. 
References
  • Adams, Michael J.; West, Stephen D.; Kalmbach, Lorrie. 1999. Amphibian and reptile surveys of U.S. Navy lands on the Kitsap and Toandos Peninsulas, Washington. Northwestern Naturalist 80(1):1-7
  • Baird,S.F. and Girard,C. 1852. Descriptions of new species of reptiles, collected by the U.S. exploring expedition under the command of Capt. Charles Wilkes, U.S.N. First part. - Including the species from the Western coast of America. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 6: 174-177 - get paper here
  • Blackburn, D.G. 1994. Standardized criteria for the recognition of embryonic nutritional patterns in squamate reptiles. Copeia 1994 (4): 925-935 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Natural History). Vol. 2, Second edition. London, xiii+497 pp. - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1887. On the affinity of the north-American lizard fauna. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (5) 20: 345-346 - get paper here
  • Boundy, Jeff; Frank T. Burbrink, Jonathan A. Campbell, Brian I. Crother, Kevin de Queiroz, Darrel R. 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. SSAR, 101 pp.
  • Espinoza, Robert E.;Carre±o, Carrie A.;Van Heest, Ronald W. 1999. Geographic distribution. Elgaria coerulea Herpetological Review 30 (1): 51-52
  • Fitch, H. S. 1936. Amphibians and reptiles of the Rouge River Basin, Oregon American Midland Naturalist 17: 634-652 - get paper here
  • Fitch, H.S. 1938. A Systematic Account of the Alligator Lizards (Gerrhonotus) in the Western United States and Lower California. American Midland Naturalist 20: 381-424 - get paper here
  • Good, D.A. 1988. Phylogenetic relationships among gerrhonotine lizards; an analysis of external morphology Univ. of Calif. Publs. in Zool. 121: 139 pp. - get paper here
  • Good, David A. 1995. Cranial ossification in the northern alligator lizard, Elgaria coerulea (Squamata, Anguidae) Amphibia-Reptilia 16 (2): 157-166 - get paper here
  • Good, David A.;Bauer, Aaron M.;Günther, Rainer 1993. An Annotated Type Catalogue of the Anguimorph Lizards (Squamata: Anguidae, Helodermatidae, Varanidae, Xenosauridae) in the Zoological Museum, Berlin Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berl. 69 (1): 45-56
  • Lais, P. Mike 1976. Gerrhonotus coeruleus. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (178): 1-4 - get paper here
  • Nussbaum, R.A., Brodie, E.D., Jr., & Storm, R.M. 1983. Amphibians and reptiles of the Pacific Northwest Univ. Press of Idaho, Moscow 332 pp.
  • Otvos, I.S. 1977. Observations on the food of three forest-dwelling lizards in California. Herpetological Review 8 (1); 6-7
  • Stebbins,R.C. 1985. A Field Guide to Western Reptiles and Amphibians, 2nd ed. Houghton Mifflin, Boston
  • Stejneger,L. 1902. Gerrhonotus caeruleus vs. Gerrhonotus burnettii. Proc. Biol. Soc, Washington 15: 37 - get paper here
  • Stejneger,L.H. 1893. Annotated list of the reptiles and batrachians collected by the Death Valley Expedition in 1891, with descriptions of new species. North American Fauna, No. 7: 159-228 (+ 14 plates + 4 maps) - get paper here
  • Vindum, Jens V.;Arnold, E. N. 1997. The Northern Alligator Lizard (Elgaria coerulea) from Nevada Herpetological Review 28 (2): 100
  • Wiegmann,A.F.A. 1828. Beyträge zur Amphibienkunde. Isis von Oken 21 (4): 364-383 - get paper here
  • Woodbury,A. M. 1945. A new Gerrhonotus lizard from Utah. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 58: 5-10 - get paper here
 
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