Epictia australis (FREIBERG & OREJAS-MIRANDA, 1968)

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Higher Taxa	Leptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies
Common Names	E: Freiberg's Blind Snake
Synonym	Leptotyphlops australis FREIBERG & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1968 Leptotyphlops australis — FREIBERG 1982: 82 Leptotyphlops australis — CEI 1993: 469 Leptotyphlops australis — MCDIARMID, CAMPBELL & TOURÉ 1999: 21 Leptotyphlops australis — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 66 Epictia australis — ADALSTEINSSON, BRANCH, TRAPE, VITT & HEDGES 2009 Epictia australis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 276 Epictia australis — GUEDES et al. 2023
Distribution	Argentina (Rio Negro, Mendoza, La Pampa, to Cordoba), Bolivia (Beni), Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) Type locality: Valcheta, Río Negro, Argentina.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: MACN 12525 (Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales), paratypes: MACN
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: Forma de tamaño mediano, con rostral relativamente grande, prominente; coloración blanquecina-amarillenta con líneas oscuras, cabeza negra y ancho anillo caudal negro. Se reconoce de los afines L. munoai y L. albifrons, por carecer ambos del dilatado anillo negro caudal; además munoai posee solamente 190-230 escamas dorsales y albifrons exhibe varias diferencias en su lepidosis cefálica. (Cei 1993) Additional details (2196 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Distribution: A single record from Rio Grande do Sul [de Lema 1994] has apparently not been confirmed, hence the presence of this species in Brazil is still a bit uncertain.
Etymology	Named after Latin australis = southern.
References	Adalsteinsson, S.A.; Branch, W.R.; Trapé, S.; Vitt, L.J. & Hedges, S.B. 2009. Molecular phylogeny, classification, and biogeography of snakes of the Family Leptotyphlopidae (Reptilia, Squamata). Zootaxa 2244: 1-50 - get paper here FRANCISCO, BÁRBARA CRISTINA S.; ROBERTA R. PINTO & DANIEL S. FERNANDES 2012. Taxonomy of Epictia munoai (Orejas-Miranda, 1961) (Squamata: Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae). Zootaxa 3512: 42–52 - get paper here Freiberg, M.A. & OREJAS-MIRANDA, B.R. 1968. Un nuevo Leptotyphlopidae de la Republica Argentina (Reptilia, Ophidia). Physis, Soc. Argent. Cien. Nat., Buenos Aires, 28: 145-147 Hedges, S.B., Marion, A.B., Lipp, K.M., Marin, J. & Vidal, N. 2014. A taxonomic framework for typhlopid snakes from the Caribbean and other regions (Reptilia, Squamata). Caribbean Herpetology 49: 1–61 - get paper here McDiarmid, R.W.; Campbell, J.A. & Touré,T.A. 1999. Snake species of the world. Vol. 1. [type catalogue] Herpetologists’ League, 511 pp. Orejas-Miranda, Braulio R.;Achaval, Federico 1969. Description del hemipenis de Leptotyphlops australis Freiberg y Orejas-Miranda, 1968. Neotropica 15 (48): 132-134 Scrocchi G. 1990. CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE LEPTOTYPHLOPIDAE OF ARGENTINA II. NEW DATA ON LEPTOTYPHLOPS-AUSTRALIS FREIBERG AND OREJAS MIRANDA 1968 [in Spanish]. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 39 (2): 113-114 Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp. Scrocchi, Gustavo J.; Cristian S. Abdala,Javier Nori, Hussam Zaher 2010. Reptiles de la provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Fondo Ed. Rionegrino, 249 pp. Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List Google images

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