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Epictia fallax (PETERS, 1858)

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Higher TaxaLeptotyphlopidae, Epictinae, Epictini, Typhlopoidea, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Black Blind Snake 
SynonymStenostoma fallax PETERS 1858
Epictia fallax — NATERA-MUMAW et al. 2015: 294 
DistributionVenezuela (Anzoátegui, Aragua, Carabobo, Falcón, Distrito Capital, Nueva Esparta, Sucre, Vargas y Yaracuy)

Type locality: “Laguayra”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ZMB 9550 
Diagnosis 
CommentSynonymy: Natera-Mumaw et al. (2016) removed Stenostoma fallax Peters from the synonymy of E. goudotii and recognized E. fallax as the name for the population occurring in northern Venezuela. Wallach 2016: 315 agrees with this assessment; however, he had only one specimen for his analysis and no molecular analysis seems to have been done.

Distribution: see map 59 in NATERA-MUMAW et al. 2015. 
EtymologyA Latin adjective meaning ‘deceptive’ or ‘fallacious’ in the neutral nominative, with unclear justification. 
References
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Peters, Wilhem Carl Hartwig 1858. Vier neue amerikanische Schlangen aus der Familie der Typhlopinen und darüber einige vorläufige Mittheilungen. Monatsber. königl. Akad. Wiss. Berlin. 1857 (August): 402 [1857] - get paper here
  • Señaris, J. Celsa; María Matilde Aristeguieta Padrón, Haidy Rojas Gil y Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic 2018. Guía ilustrada de los anfibios y reptiles del valle de Caracas, Venezuela. Ediciones IVIC, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC). Caracas, Venezuela. 348 pp.
  • Ukuwela, K.D.B., de Silva, A., Sivaruban, A. et al. 2022. Diversity, distribution, and natural history of the marine snakes of Sri Lanka. Marine Biodiversity 52, 24 (2022) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van. 2016. Morphological review and taxonomic status of the Epictia phenops species group of Mesoamerica, with description of six new species and discussion of South American Epictia albifrons, E. goudotii, and E. tenella (Serpentes: Leptotyphlopidae: Epictinae Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (2): 216-374 - get paper here
 
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