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Erythrolamprus sagittifer (JAN, 1863)

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
SubspeciesErythrolamprus sagittifer modestus (KOSLOWSKY 1896)
Erythrolamprus sagittifer sagittifer (JAN 1863) 
Common NamesE: Arrow Ground Snake 
SynonymChlorosoma sagittifer BURMEISTER 1861 (nomen nudum)
Liopeltis sagittifer JAN 1863: 82
Liophis pulcher STEINDACHNER 1867: 267
Liophis pulcher STEINDACHNER 1867: 228
Rhadinaea sagittifera — BOULENGER 1894: 165 (part.)
Rhadinaea sagittifera — KOSLOWSKY 1895: 368
Liophis sagittifer — BERG 1898
Zamenis argentinus BRÉTHÈS 1917 (incertae sedis fide PETERS & OREJA-MIRANDA 1970: 129)
Leimadophis sagittifer — AMARAL 1926: 19
Leimadophis sagittifer — SERIÉ 1936 (part.)
Dromicus sagittifer — FREIBERG 1982
Leimadophis sagittifer — STRATHEMANN 1983
Liophis sagittifer sagittifer — CEI 1993: 610
Leimadophis sagittifer — PETERS & OREJAS-MIRANDA 1970: 149
Liophis sagittifer sagittifer — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 24
Liophis sagittifer — SCROCCHI et al. 2006: 103
Liophis sagittifer — BERNILS et al. 2007
Erythrolamprus sagittifer — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Liophis sagittifer — WALLACH et al. 2014: 385

Erythrolamprus sagittifer modestus (KOSLOWSKY 1896)
Rhadinaea modesta KOSLOWSKY 1896: 453
Liophis trifasciatus WERNER 1899: 114
Liophis sagittifer modesta — DIXON & THOMAS 1982
Liophis sagittifer modestus — CEI 1993: 608
Liophis sagittifer modestus — LEYNAUD & BUCHER 1999: 24
Liophis sagittifer modestus — SCROCCHI et al. 2006 
DistributionNW Argentina (Chaco, Formosa, Jujuy, Salta, Santiago del Estero, Tucumán, Catamarca, Córdoba, San Luis, San Juan, La Pampa, Mendoza, Neuquén, Rio Negro, Chubut, Sante Fe [HR 30: 54]), SE Bolivia, W Paraguay

modestus: S Bolivia, N Argentina, Uruguay

Type locality: Mendoza, Argentina.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MLUH IV 102, an adult male, probably destroyed during WW II fide Dixon and Thomas, 1982: 391.
Holotype: MLP, cat. no. unknown, collected by Gerling [modestus]
Holotype: NMW 21224(2) [1 specimen, not 2 as mentioned by Häupl et al., fide J. Hallermann, pers. comm., 3 May 2024) [trifasciatus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (sagittifer): A pesar que la forma nominal directamente no constituya un elemento propio de la fauna que nos proponemos tratar, tampoco estimamos conveniente no considerarlo, por su amplia área de contacto e intergradación con la subespecie chaqueña L. s. modestus. No volvemos obviamente a repetir los caracteres diagnósticos dados para ambas formas, los que serán implícitamente detallados en la descripción siguiente. (Cei 1993)


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CommentSynonymy after CEI 1993. Rhadinaea modesta KOSLOWSKY 1896 was synonymized with Leimadophis sagittifer by AMARAL 1926.

Distribution: Reports from Brazil seem to be based on old records but there seem to be no recent findings (H. Costa, pers. comm., 5 April 2016). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin sagittifer, arrow-bearing; armed with arrows. [?]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024)

Erythrolamprus sagittifer modestus was named after Latin modestus, restrained, mild; modest. [“...Largo total 470 mm…”].
 
References
  • Abalos, J.W., Baez, E.C., & Nader, R. 1964. Serpientes de Santiago del Estero. Acta Zoologica Lilloana 20: 211-283
  • Amaral,A. do 1926. Notas de ophiologia. I. Sobre a invalidez de um genero e algumas especies de ophidios Sul-Americanos. Rev. Mus. Paulista 14: 17-33
  • Arzamendia, Vanesa;Giraudo, Alejandro R. 1999. Geographic distribution. Liophis sagittifer modestus. Herpetological Review 30 (1): 54 - get paper here
  • Arzamendia, Vanesa;Giraudo, Alejandro R. 1999. Geographic distribution. Liophis sagittifer modestus. Herpetological Review 30 (1): 54 - get paper here
  • Beconi, Hugo Cabral; Alberto Carosini, Paul Smith 2019. Die Hard: How Paraguayan snakes avoid predation and live to tell the tale. Herpetology Notes 12: 513-518 - get paper here
  • Boulenger, George A. 1894. Catalogue of the snakes in the British Museum (Natural History). Volume II., Containing the Conclusion of the Colubridæ Aglyphæ. British Mus. (Nat. Hist.), London, xi, 382 pp. - get paper here
  • Cacciali, Pier; Norman J. Scott, Aida Luz Aquino Ortíz, Lee A. Fitzgerald, and Paul Smith 2016. The Reptiles of Paraguay: Literature, Distribution, and an Annotated Taxonomic Checklist. SPECIAL PUBLICATION OF THE MUSEUM OF SOUTHWESTERN BIOLOGY, NUMBER 11: 1–373 - get paper here
  • Cei, J. M. 1993. Reptiles del noroeste, nordeste y este de la Argentina. Museo Regionale Sci. Naturale Torino, Monografie 14: 1-949
  • Dixon, James R. 1989. A key and checklist to the neotropical snake genus Liophis with country lists and maps. Smithsonian Herp. Inf. Serv. (79): 1-40 - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. & Thomas, Robert A. 1982. The status of the Argentine colubrid snakes Liophis sagittifer and L. trifasciatus. Herpetologica 38 (3): 389-395 - get paper here
  • Freiberg, M.A. 1982. Snakes of South America. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, NJ, 189 pp. - get paper here
  • Gemel, R.; G. Gassner & S. Schweiger 2019. Katalog der Typen der Herpetologischen Sammlung des Naturhistorischen Museums Wien – 2018. Ann. Naturhist. Mus. Wien, B 121: 33–248 - get paper here
  • Gonzales, Lucindo; Arturo Muñoz y Edson Cortez 2006. PRIMER REPORTE SOBRE LA HERPETOFAUNA DE LA RESERVA NATURAL “EL CORBALÁN”, TARIJA, BOLIVIA [FIRST REPORT ON THE HERPETOFAUNA OF “EL CORBALAN” NATURAL RESERVE, TARIJA, BOLIVIA]. Kempffiana 2 (1): 72-94 - get paper here
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1863. Elenco Sistematico degli Ofidi descriti e disegnati per l'Iconografia Generale. Milano, A. Lombardi. vii + 143 pp. - get paper here
  • Kacoliris F.P.; Berkunsky I. & Williams J. 2006. Herpetofauna of Impenetrable, Argentinean Great Chaco. Phyllomedusa 5 (2): 149-158 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1895. Batracios y reptiles de Rioja y Catamarca. Rev. Mus. La Plata 6: 359-370 - get paper here
  • Koslowsky,J. 1896. Sobre algunos reptiles de Patagonia y otras regiones argentinas. Revista Mus. La Plata 7: 447-457 - get paper here
  • Leynaud, Gerardo C. and Enrique H. Bucher 1999. La fauna de serpientes del Chaco Sudamericano: diversidad, distribución geografica y estado de conservación. Academia Nacional de Ciencias Miscelanea (98):1-46
  • Love, B. 2018. Western Herp Perspectives: Paraguay. Reptilia 23 (131): 58-59
  • Mattison, Chris 2007. The New Encyclopedia of Snakes. Princeton University Press
  • Minoli I, Morando M, Avila LJ 2015. Reptiles of Chubut province, Argentina: richness, diversity, conservation status and geographic distribution maps. ZooKeys 498: 103-126. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.498.7476 - get paper here
  • Müller,L. 1941. Über die in der Sammlung des zoologischen Institutes der Universität Halle a. Saale aufbewahrten Amphibien und Reptilientypen. [type catalogue] Zeitschr. f. Naturwiss. 94: 182-205
  • Scrocchi, G.J.; Moreta, J.C. & Kretzschmar, S. 2006. Serpientes del Noroeste Argento [Jujuy, Salta, Tucumán, Catamarca, La Rioja, Santiago del Estero]. Fundación Miguel Lillo, Tucumán, 178 pp.
  • Scrocchi, Gustavo J.; Cristian S. Abdala,Javier Nori, Hussam Zaher 2010. Reptiles de la provincia de Río Negro, Argentina. Fondo Ed. Rionegrino, 249 pp.
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. New reptiles from Chili, Brazil, and Persia. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 19: 228 - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. Abhandlung über mehrere neue Reptilien aus Chile, Brasilien und Persien. Anz. Akad. Wiss. Wien 1867: 40-41 - get paper here
  • Steindachner, F. 1867. Herpetologische Notizen. Sitzungsber. Akad. Wiss Wien 55: 263-273 - get paper here
  • Strathemann, U. 1983. Leimadophis viridis und Leimadophis sagittifer im Hydrokulturterrarium. Herpetofauna 5 (22): 23-25 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Williams,J.D. & Scrocchi, G.J. 1994. Fauna de agua dulce de la República Argentina. Vol. 42, Fasc. 3 - Ophidia, Lepidosauria. PROFADU (CONICET) La Plata: 1-55 [Universidad Nacional de La Plata] - get paper here
 
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