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Erythrolamprus bizona JAN, 1863

IUCN Red List - Erythrolamprus bizona - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: False Coral Snake 
SynonymErythrolamprus aesculapii var bizona JAN 1863: 314
Erythrolamprus bizona — DUNN & BAILEY 1939: 12
Erythrolamprus bizonus — SLEVIN 1942: 477
Erythrolamprus aesculapii bizona — MERTENS 1956: 546
Erythrolamprus bizona — MERTENS 1956: 559
Erythrolamprus bizonus — KORNACKER 1999: 86
Erythrolamprus bizona — BOOS 2001
Erythrolamprus bizonus — SAVAGE 2002
Erythrolamprus bizona — RIVAS et al. 2012
Erythrolamprus bizona — GRAZZIOTIN et al. 2012
Erythrolamprus bizonus — WALLACH et al. 2014: 281
Erythrolamprus bizona — CURLIS et al. 2020 
DistributionCosta Rica, Panama,
N Venezuela (Cojedes, Falcón, Carabobo), Trinidad, Colombia (Caldas, Antioquia, Cundinamarca, Cauca, Meta, Quindío, Boyacá)

Type locality: Colombia; Lectotype locality: Popayan, Cauca Department, Colombia.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesLectotype: MSNM 2871 (Milano), An adult male, designated by Curcio et al. 2015. Syntypes: MHNG 464.30, MSNM and NMW. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Erythrolamprus bizona is distinguishable from all congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) black nuchal collar usually double (when single dorsally, clearly divided in lateral view rendering a semidivided condition); (2) anterior margin of black nuchal collar positioned between posterior tips of parietals and 1.5 dorsals posteriorly from it; (3) outer margins of parietals and primary temporals always distinctly bordered by black; (4) anteromedial area of parietals deeply invaded by black pigment from black head cap; (5) body and tail patterns always composed of tricolor dyads; and (6) subcaudal counts moderate to high, 37–59 in females (often more than 48) and 40–61 in males (often more than 54) [Curcio et al. 2015: 48]. 
CommentSimilar species: Lampropeltis micropholis

Mildly venomous. A case of bite by this species was reported by Angarita-Corzo t al. 2023.

Mimicry: E. bizona is a coral snake mimic.

The photo of Erythrolamprus bizonus in Villa et al. 1988 is actually a mis-identification (fide Scott 1989, Copeia 1989: 802).

Distribution: see map in Curcio et al. 2015: 49 (Fig. 10). Known on Trinidad from only a single specimen (Murphy et al. 2019). Not in Nicaragua fide Sunyer & Martínez-Fonseca 2023 (checklist Nicaragua).

Habitat: forest 
EtymologyNamed after Latin bi-, two and Latin zona, woman's girdle, (tunic) belt. [“...ora gli anelli neri sono tutti separati e disposti a due a due anche sul collo (bizona)...”]. (from Esteban Lavilla, pers. comm., May 2024) 
References
  • Angarita-Corzo, K., García-Peluffo, J. D., & Franco-Gutiérrez, M. 2023. Case report of human envenomation by a False Coralsnake, Erythrolamprus bizona Jan, 1863. Herpetology Notes, 16, 627-631
  • Boos, H.E.A. 2001. The snakes of Trinidad and Tobago. Texas A&M University Press, 270 pp.
  • Carvajal-Cogollo, J.E.; L.E. Rojas-Murcia. & G. Cárdenas-Arévalo 2020. Reptiles del Caribe colombiano/ Reptiles of the Colombian Caribbean. Tunja: Editorial UPTC, 268 pp. - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Castro-Herrera, F.; Bolívar-García, W. & Herrera-Montes, M.I. 2007. Guía de los Anfibios y Reptiles des Bosque de Yotoco, Valle deel Cauca, Colombia. Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia, 70 pp. - get paper here
  • Curcio, Felipe Franco; Stefano Scali, and Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues 2015. Taxonomic Status of Erythrolamprus bizona Jan (1863) (Serpentes, Xenodontinae): Assembling a Puzzle with Many Missing Pieces. Herpetological Monographs 29 (1): 40-64 - get paper here
  • Curlis JD, Fisher EC, Muhic WK, Moy J, Garro-Cruz M, Montero-Ramírez JJ 2020. A survey of the reptiles and amphibians at the University of Georgia Costa Rica field station in San Luis de Monteverde, Costa Rica. Check List 16(6): 1433-1456 - get paper here
  • DUGAN, ERIC A. & GINNI CALLAHAN. 2022. ERYTHROLAMPRUS BIZONA. MAXIMUM LENGTH. Herpetological Review 53 (3): 508–509.
  • Dunn, Emmett R. & Bailey, Joseph R. 1939. Snakes from the uplands of the Canal Zone and of Darien. Bull. Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard 86 (1): 1-22 - get paper here
  • Grazziotin, Felipe G.; Hussam Zaher, Robert W. Murphy, Gustavo Scrocchi, Marco A. Benavides, Ya-Ping Zhang and Sandro L. Bonatto 2012. Molecular phylogeny of the New World Dipsadidae (Serpentes: Colubroidea): a reappraisal. Cladistics DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00393.x - get paper here
  • Herrera, Ángel and Julie M. Ray. 2016. Geographic Distribution: Erythrolamprus bizona (Black-ringed False Coralsnake). Herpetological Review 47 (1): 83 - get paper here
  • Jan, G. 1863. Enumerazione sistematica degli ofidi appartenenti al gruppo Coronellidae. Arch. Zool. Anat. Fisiol. 2 (2): 213-330 [1862] - get paper here
  • Kornacker,P.M. 1999. Checklist and key to the snakes of Venezuela. PaKo-Verlag, Rheinbach, Germany, 270 pp.
  • Lancini,A.R. & Kornacker,P.M. 1989. Die Schlangen von Venezuela. Armitano Editores C.A., Caracas, 1-381
  • Markezich, A.L. 2002. New distribution records of reptiles from Western Venezuela. Herpetological Review 33 (1): 69-74 - get paper here
  • Mehrtens, J.M. 1987. Living snakes of the world in color. Sterling Publ. Co., hic., New York, NY: 480 pp.
  • Mertens, R. 1956. Das Problem der Mimikry bei Korallenschlangen. Zool. Jahrb., Abt Syst. Ökol. Geogr. Tiere 84: 541-576 + plates 6-14
  • Mertens, R. 1956. Das Problem der Mimikry bei Korallenschlangen. English Translation by Andrew Durso. SMITHSONIAN HERPETOLOGICAL INFORMATION SERVICE 160 (2023) - get paper here
  • Muñoz-Saba, Yaneth; Nathaly Calvo-Roa, Paul Andrés Gómez-Sandoval, Diego Casallas-Pabón John Douglas Lynch, Lucas S. Barrientos, Diego A. Gómez-Sánchez. 2019. Guía de campo de los mamíferos, anfibios y reptiles de Santa María (Boyacá, Colombia). Serie Guías de Campo del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. N° 23. Bogotá D.C. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá. 317 p - get paper here
  • Murphy JC, Braswell AL, Charles SP, Auguste RJ, Rivas GA, Borzée A, Lehtinen RM, Jowers MJ 2019. A new species of Erythrolamprus from the oceanic island of Tobago (Squamata, Dipsadidae). ZooKeys 817: 131-157 - get paper here
  • Natera-Mumaw, Marco; Luis Felipe Esqueda-González & Manuel Castelaín-Fernández 2015. Atlas Serpientes de Venezuela. Santiago de Chile, Dimacofi Negocios Avanzados S.A., 456 pp. - get paper here
  • Páez, V.P. et al. 2002. Guía de campo de algunas especies de anfibios y reptiles de Antioquia. Universidad de Antioquia, - get paper here
  • Palacio-Baena, Jaime Alberto; Eliana María Muñoz Escobar; Sandra Milena Gallo Delgado; Mauricio Rivera Correa 2006. ANFIBIOS Y REPTILES DEL VALLE DE ABURRÁ Editorial Zuluaga, 92 pp. - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Ramírez-Fernández, José D. 2016. Predation of Stenorrhina freminvillei (Duméril, Bibron & Duméril, 1854) by Erythrolamprus bizona Jan, 1863. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3(4): 1022–1024 - get paper here
  • Ray, Julie M. and Patty Ruback 2015. Updated checklists of snakes for the provinces of Panamá and Panamá Oeste, Republic of Panama. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (2): 168-188 - get paper here
  • Rincón-Aranguri, M., Toro-Cardona, F. A., Galeano, S. P., Roa-Fuentes, L.. & Urbina-Cardona, N. 2023. Functional diversity of snakes is explained by the landscape composition at multiple areas of influence. Ecology and Evolution, 13, e10352 - get paper here
  • RINCÓN-ARANGURI, MONICA T. 2021. ERYTHROLAMPRUS BIZONA (False Coral Snake). DIET. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 664–665. - get paper here
  • Rivas Fuenmayor, Gilson and Cesar Luis Barrio Amorós 2005. New Amphibian and Reptile records from Cojedes State, Venezuela. Herpetological Review 36 (2):205-209. - get paper here
  • RIVAS, GILSON A.; CÉSAR R. MOLINA, GABRIEL N. UGUETO, TITO R. BARROS, CÉSAR L. BAR- RIO-AMORÓS & PHILIPPE J. R. KOK 2012. Reptiles of Venezuela: an updated and commented checklist. Zootaxa 3211: 1–64 - get paper here
  • Rojas-Morales, Julián Andrés, Héctor Fabio Arias-Monsalve y Gustavo A. González-Durán 2014. Anibios y reptiles de la región centro-sur del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 15 (1): 73-93 - get paper here
  • Rojas-Morales, Julián Andrés 2012. Snakes of an urban-rural landscape in the central Andes of Colombia: species composition, distribution, and natural history. Phyllomedusa 11 (2): 135- - get paper here
  • Savage, J.M. 2002. The Amphibians and Reptiles of Costa Rica: A Herpetofauna Between Two Continents, Between Two Seas. University of Chicago Press, 934 pp. [review in Copeia 2003 (1): 205]
  • Señaris, J. Celsa; María Matilde Aristeguieta Padrón, Haidy Rojas Gil y Fernando J. M. Rojas-Runjaic 2018. Guía ilustrada de los anfibios y reptiles del valle de Caracas, Venezuela. Ediciones IVIC, Instituto Venezolano de Investigaciones Científicas (IVIC). Caracas, Venezuela. 348 pp.
  • Slevin, J.R. 1942. Notes on a collection of reptiles from Boquete, Panama, with the description of a new species of Hydromorphus. Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci. 23: 463-480 - get paper here
  • Solorzano, A. 2004. Serpientes de Costa Rica - Snakes of Costa Rica. Editorial INBio, Costa Rica, 792 pp.
  • Villa, J., Wilson, L.D., Johnson, J.D. 1988. Middle American Herpetology - A Bibliographic Checklist. University of Missouri Press, 132 pp [review in Copeia 1989 (3): 802]
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Zúniga-Baos, Jorge Alberto; Felipe Barrera-Ocampo & Manuel Maldonado 2023. Utilizando ciencia ciudadana para ampliar el conocimiento de la dieta ofiófaga de Erythrolamprus bizona Jan 1863 (Squamata, Colubridae), con nuevos ítem presa registradas en Colombia. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 10: X-X
 
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