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Eublepharis macularius (BLYTH, 1854)

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Higher TaxaEublepharidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesEublepharis macularius afghanicus BÖRNER 1976
Eublepharis macularius fasciolatus GÜNTHER 1864
Eublepharis macularius macularius BLYTH 1854
Eublepharis macularius montanus BÖRNER 1976
Eublepharis macularius smithi BÖRNER 1981 
Common NamesE: Common Leopard Gecko, Spotted fat-tailed gecko
G: Leopardgecko, Pakistanischer Fettschwanzgecko 
SynonymCyrtodactylus macularius BLYTH 1854: 738
Eublepharis fasciolatus GÜNTHER 1864: 429 (fide SMITH 1935)
Eublepharis macularius — ANDERSON 1872
Eublepharis macularius — BOULENGER 1885: 232
Eublepharis macularius — BOULENGER 1890
Eublepharis macularius — SMITH 1935: 127
Eublepharis macularius — WERMUTH 1965: 29
Cyrtodactylus madarensis SHARMA 1980
Eublepharis gracilis BÖRNER 1974
Eublepharis macularius — KLUGE 1993
Eublepharis cf. macularius — ANDERSON 1999
Eublepharis macularius — RÖSLER 2000: 78
Eublepharis macularius — SEUFER et al. 2005
Eublepharis macularius — NASRABADI et al. 2017

Eublepharis macularius afghanicus BÖRNER 1976
Eublepharis macularius afghanicus — GRISMER 1988
Eublepharis macularius afghanicus — RÖSLER 1999

Eublepharis macularius montanus BÖRNER 1976
Eublepharis macularius montanus — RÖSLER 1999

Eublepharis macularius fasciolatus GÜNTHER 1864
Eublepharis macularius fasciolatus — RÖSLER 1999

Eublepharis macularius smithi BÖRNER 1981
Eublepharis macularius smithi — SEUFER 2005 
DistributionE Afghanistan, Pakistan, NW India (Rajasthan, Ajmer, Madar foot hills, Punhab, Jammu), Nepal, E Iran (fide CARRIÓN et al. 2003).

Type locality: Salt Range, Punjab.  
ReproductionTemperature-dependent sex determination (TSD) (Shine 1999, Shoemaker & Crews 2009). 
TypesHolotype: ZSI 6224
Types: BMNH 1946.8.26.65-66; Types of E. fasciolatus Hydrabad, Suia, India, Asia, donor R T. Riddell [fasciolatus]
Holotype: SMF 60980, paratype: SMF [smithi]
Holotype: AMNH 88582, paratypes: AMNH [montanus]
Holotype: FMNH 161142 paratypes: AMNH [afghanicus] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: (Fig. 56 in Anderson 1999: 120) Subdigital lamellae each with several distinct small tubercles (Fig. E in key, Anderson 1999: 117); mid-dorsal tubercles generally larger than intertubercular spaces; chin shields usually in contact with first lower labials (Fig. C in key, page 117); elements of dorsal color pattern not linearly arranged. Additional diagnostic characters (Grismer, 1988:442-450; 1991: 251-252): height of auditory meatus 1.5 times internostril distance; rounded ventral scales in 21-30 rows; rostral twice as wide as high; 3 transverse rows of ventral scales in each caudal whorl; mental shorter than wide; 46-57 eyelid fringe scales; "cleft terminal subdigital lamellae" (see remarks below); widely spaced, pronounced and pointed dorsal tubercles, much smaller inter-tubercle granules; ventral scales rounded, in 21-30 transverse rows at midbody; dorsal scales of regenerated tail circular and slightly convex; conspicuous supratemporal bone present; a straight pterygoid-palatine suture; a longitudinally-directed crest on ventral portion of basioccipital anterior to spheno-occipital tubercles, posterior section of basioccipital smoothly rounded; posterior margin of coronoid shelf foes not contact the adductor fossa; clavicle extending above scapulocoracoid and making broad contact with the suprascapula (Anderson 1999: 120). 
CommentSynonymy: Cyrtodactylus madarensis Sharma, 1980 is a subjective synonym of Eublepharis macularius (Blyth, 1854), according to Das (1990). Grismer (in ESTES & PREGILL 1988) synonymized E. gracilis and E. afghanicus with E. macularius. Eublepharis macularius fuscus BÖRNER 1981 has been elevated to full species status by DAS 1997.

Distribution: No confirmed records from Iran fide RASTEGAR-POUYANI et al. 2008. See map in Mirza et al. 2014. See map in SMID et al. 2014 for distribution in Iran (showing only one record).

Hybridization: Eublepharis macularius and E. angramainyu can be crossed and F1 hybrids were viable and fertile. The examined hybrids (except those of the F2 generation) displayed neither malformations nor a reduced survival (Jančúchová-Lásková et al. 2015).

Genomics: A draft genome of this species has been sequenced by Xiong et al. 2016. A trio was sequenced by Bergeron et al. 2023.

Longevity: Berghof 2019 reported two Leopard geckos reaching an age of up to 37 years in captivity. 
EtymologyFrom Latin “macul-” (small) spots + L. -arius connected with, belong to, having (Partridge, 1966). 
References
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