Eulamprus tympanum (LÖNNBERG & ANDERSSON, 1915)

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Higher Taxa	Scincidae, Sphenomorphinae (Sphenomorphini), Scincoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies	Eulamprus tympanum marnieae HUTCHINSON & RAWLINSON 1995 Eulamprus tympanum tympanum (LÖNNBERG & ANDERSSON 1915)
Common Names	E: Cool-temperate Water-skink, Highland Water Skink
Synonym	Lygosoma tympanum LÖNNBERG & ANDERSSON 1915 Sphenomorphus tympanum — COGGER 1983: 188 Sphenomorphus tympanum — GREER 1983 Eulamprus herseyi WELLS & WELLINGTON 1985 (fide SHEA & SADLIER 1999) Sphenomorphus tympanum — HENLE & OSBORNE 1986 Eulamprus tympanum — COGGER 2000: 789 Eulamprus tympanum — COUPER et al. 2006: 380 Eulamprus tympanum — WILSON & SWAN 2010 Eulamprus tympanum marnieae HUTCHINSON & RAWLINSON 1995 Eulamprus tympanum marnieae — WILSON & SWAN 2013
Distribution	Australia (New South Wales, South Australia, Victoria), Tasmania Type locality: ". . . said to have been collected in the neighbourhood of Melbourne. . . ", Vic. (fice COGGER 1983)
Reproduction	ovovivparous. Embryos of the actively thermoregulating ovovivparous skink Eulamprus tympanum are subject to temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD), offering the mother the chance to select the sex of her offspring and a mechanism to help to balance sex ratios in wild populations (Robert & Thompson 2001).
Types	Holotype: NRM (NHRM) 3094 Holotype: NMV D52921, adult male [marnieae]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: A water skink lacking any trace of longitudinal dorsal striped pattern, with a pale anterior margin to the ear opening, usually 42 or fewer midbody scale rows and without transversely oriented dark dorsal markings (Hutchinson & Rawlinson 1995: 192)
Comment	Distribution: see map in Pepper et al. 2018: Fig. 2. Limb morphology: 5 digits, 5 toes (Singhal et al. 2018, Cogger 2014) Subspecies: Pepper et al. 2018 found no genetic support for the separation of E. t. marnieae although they did not explicitly suggest synonymization.
Etymology	Presumably named after the Latin tympanum (drum), referencing the prominent tympanic membrane in this species. (G. Shea, pers. comm., 9 Feb 2024)
References	Biazik, Joanna M.; Michael B. Thompson, and Christopher R. Murphy 2010. Paracellular and transcellular transport across the squamate uterine epithelium. Herp. Cons. Biol. 5 (2) - get paper here Cogger, H. G. 2014. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 7th ed. CSIRO Publishing, xxx + 1033 pp. - get paper here Cogger, H.G. 2000. Reptiles and Amphibians of Australia, 6th ed. Ralph Curtis Publishing, Sanibel Island, 808 pp. Cornejo-Páramo, Paola; Duminda S B Dissanayake, Andrés Lira-Noriega, Mónica L Martínez-Pacheco, Armando Acosta, Ciro Ramírez-Suástegui, Fausto R Méndez-de-la-Cruz, Tamás Székely, Araxi O Urrutia, Arthur Georges, Diego Cortez 2020. Viviparous reptile regarded to have temperature-dependent sex determination has old XY chromosomes. Genome Biology and Evolution, , evaa104, - get paper here Couper, P., Covacevich, J., Amey, A. & Baker, A. 2006. The genera of skinks (Family Scincidae) of Australia and its island territories: diversity, distribution and identification. in: Merrick, J.R., Archer, M., Hickey, G.M. & Lee, M.S.Y. (eds.). Evolution and Zoogeography of Australasian Vertebrates. Australian Scientific Publishing, Sydney, pp. 367-384 Doughty, Paul; Shine, Richard & Lee, Michael S.Y. 2003. Energetic costs of tail loss in a montane scincid lizard. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A 135: 215–219 - get paper here Greer, A.E. 1983. On the adaptive significance of the reptilian spectacle: the evidence from scincid, teiid, and lacertid lizards. in A.G.J. Rhodin and K. Miyata (eds), Advances in Herpetology and Evolutionary Biology. Mus. Comp. Zool., Massachusetts; 725 pp. [pp. 213-221.] - get paper here Henle, K. & Osborne, W. S. 1986. Herpetologische Spaziergänge im Kosciusko-Nationalpark/Australien. Herpetofauna 8 (40): 28-33 - get paper here Hutchinson, M.N & P.A. Rawlinson 1995. The water skinks (Lacertilia: Eulamprus) of Victoria and South Australia. Records of the South Australian Museum 28(2): 185–207 Hutchinson, M.N. 1979. The reptiles of Kinglake National Park. Victorian Naturalist 96: 124-134 - get paper here Lönnberg, E. & Andersson, G. L. 1915. Results of Dr. E. Mjöberg's Swedish Scientific Expeditions to Australia 1910-1913. VII. Reptiles collected in northern Queensland. Kungl. Svenska Vetensk. -Akad. Hand]. 52 (7): 1-9 - get paper here Pepper, Mitzy; Joanna Sumner Ian G. Brennan Kate Hodges Alan R. Lemmon Emily Moriarty Lemmon Garry Peterson Daniel L. Rabosky Lin Schwarzkopf Ian A. W. Scott Glenn Shea J. Scott Keogh 2018. Speciation in the mountains and dispersal by rivers: Molecular phylogeny of Eulamprus water skinks and the biogeography of Eastern Australia. Journal of Biogeography 45: 2040– 2052 - get paper here Rawlinson, P.A. 1969. The reptiles of East Gippsland. Proc. R. Soc. Vict. 82: 113-128 Robert, K.A. & M.B. Thompson 2000. Influence of Feeding on the Metabolic Rate of the Lizard, Eulamprus tympanum Copeia 2000 (3): 851-855. - get paper here Robert, K.A. & M.B. Thompson 2007. Is Basking Opportunity in the viviparous lizard, Eulamprus tympanum, compromised by the presence of a predator scent? Journal of Herpetology 41 (2): 287-293. - get paper here Robert, KYLIE A. & THOMPSON, MICHAEL B. 2001. Sex determination: Viviparous lizard selects sex of embryos. Nature 412: 698 - 699 - get paper here Singhal, Sonal; Huateng Huang, Maggie R. Grundler, María R. Marchán-Rivadeneira, Iris Holmes, Pascal O. Title, Stephen C. Donnellan, and Daniel L. Rabosky 2018. Does Population Structure Predict the Rate of Speciation? A Comparative Test across Australia’s Most Diverse Vertebrate Radiation. The American Naturalist - get paper here Skinner, Adam; Mark N. Hutchinson, Michael S.Y. Lee 2013. Phylogeny and Divergence Times of Australian Sphenomorphus Group Skinks (Scincidae, Squamata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 69 (3): 906–918 - get paper here Stewart, James R. and Tom W. Ecay 2010. Patterns of maternal provision and embryonic mobilization of calcium in oviparous and viviparous squamate reptiles. Herp. Cons. Biol. 5 (2) - get paper here Swan, G.; Sadlier, R.; Shea, G. 2017. A field guide to reptiles of New South Wales. Reed New Holland, 328 pp. Wilson, S. & Swan, G. 2010. A complete guide to reptiles of Australia, 3rd ed. Chatswood: New Holland, 558 pp.
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.amonline.net.au/herpetology/research/pdf/scincidae.pdf http://www.lacerta.de/AS/Taxon.php?Genus=50&Species=269 http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/bioinformatics/lizards/images/tymplive1.htm http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/bioinformatics/lizards/images/ttymlive1.htm http://www.museum.vic.gov.au/bioinformatics/lizards/images/ttymlive2.htm http://www.dpiwe.tas.gov.au/inter.nsf/WebPages/LJEM-5UCTWQ?open http://www.arod.com.au/arod/reptilia/Squamata/Scincidae/Eulamprus/tympanum https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/reptiliaweb/FichaEspecie/Philodryas%20amaru https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/346719777552627 https://bioweb.bio/faunaweb/reptiliaweb/FichaEspecie/Philodryas%20simonsii https://www.facebook.com/groups/stshc/posts/420326890191915 Google images

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