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Ficimia olivacea GRAY, 1849

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Higher TaxaColubridae, Colubrinae, Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Mexican Hook-nosed Snake
G: Mexikanische Hakennasennatter
S: Nariz de Gancho Huaxtena 
SynonymFicimia olivacea GRAY 1849
Ficimia olivacea — GARMAN 1884: 84
Ficimia olivacea — STUART 1935: 51
Ficimia olivacea — SMITH 1941: 366
Ficimia olivacea — LINER 1994
Ficimia olivaceus — LINER 2007
Ficimia olivacea — WALLACH et al. 2014: 296 
DistributionMexico (incl. Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, San Luis Potosí, Querétaro, Hidalgo, Puebla, Veracruz)

Type locality: "Mexico."  
Reproductionoviparous (Wright and Wright 1957:281) 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.1.5.44, a 451 mm male (H. Finck), and 1946.1.5.45, a 361 mm male (H. Finck). 
DiagnosisDiagnosis (genus). Like Gyalopion, except: Maxillary teeth with very faint lateral grooves or depressions; rostral in contact with frontal, separating prefrontals medially; loreal absent; internasals present or absent (fused); ventrals 140 to 160, caudals 32 to 42 (Smith & Taylor 1941: 362).


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CommentDistribution: Not in Guatemala (KÖHLER 2008), in contrast to reports in Stuart (1935).

Type species: Ficimia olivacea GRAY 1849 is the type species of the genus Ficimia GRAY 1849.

Key to species (genus Ficimia): Hardy 1990. 
EtymologyThe name olivacea is formed from the Latin word oliva (olive tree) and refers to the olive color of this species.

The origin of the genus name is unknown (fide LEMOS-ESPINAL & DIXON 2013).  
References
  • Casas-Andreu, G., F.R. Méndez-De la Cruz and X. Aguilar-Miguel. 2004. Anfibios y Reptiles; pp. 375–390, in A.J.M. García-Mendoza, J. Ordoñez and M. Briones-Salas (ed.). Biodiversidad de Oaxaca. Instituto de Biología, UNAM-Fondo Oaxaqueño para la Conservación de la Naturaleza-World Wildlife Fund, México, D. F.
  • Cruz-Elizalde R, Ramírez-Bautista A, Pineda-López R, Mata-Silva V, DeSantis DL, García-Padilla E, Johnson JD, Rocha A, Fucsko LA, Wilson LD. 2022. The herpetofauna of Querétaro, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 16(1) [General Section]: 148–192 (e308) - get paper here
  • Dixon, James R. and Julio A. Lemos-Espinal 2010. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Queretaro, Mexico. Tlalnepantla UNAM, 428 pp.
  • Garman, Samuel 1884. The reptiles and batrachians of North America. Mem. Mus. comp. Zool, Cambridge (Massachusetts), 8 (3): xxxiv + 185 pp. [1883] [CNAH reprint 10] - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1849. Catalogue of the specimens of snakes in the collection of the British Museum. Edward Newman, London, i-xv; 1-125. - get paper here
  • Hardy L M 1978. Ficimia olivacea Gray. Brown hook-nosed snake. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 219: 1-2 - get paper here
  • Hardy L M 1990. Ficimia Gray. Southern hook-nosed snakes. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 471: 1-5 - get paper here
  • Heimes, P. 2016. Snakes of Mexico. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 572 pp
  • Lemos-Espinal JA, Smith GR, Woolrich-Piña GA 2018. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of San Luis Potosí, Mexico, with comparisons with adjoining states. ZooKeys 753: 83-106 - get paper here
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A. and James R. Dixon 2013. Amphibians and Reptiles of San Luis Potosí. Eagle Mountain Publishing, xii + 300 pp.
  • Lemos-Espinal, Julio A., Geoffrey R. Smith 2015. Amphibians and reptiles of the state of Hidalgo, Mexico. Check List 11 (3): 1642 - get paper here
  • Liner, Ernest A. 2007. A CHECKLIST OF THE AMPHIBIANS AND REPTILES OF MEXICO. Louisiana State University Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural Science 80: 1-60 - get paper here
  • Martin, Plul S. 1958. A biogeography of reptiles and amphibians in the Gomez Farias Region, Tamaulipas, Mexico. Miscellaneous publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (101): 1-102 + 7 plates - get paper here
  • Mata-Silva, Vicente, Jerry D. Johnson, Larry David Wilson and Elí García-Padilla. 2015. The herpetofauna of Oaxaca, Mexico: composition, physiographic distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 2 (1): 6–62 - get paper here
  • Mendoza-Quijano F; Smith H M 1993. A new species of hooknose snake, Ficimia (Reptilia, Serpentes). Journal of Herpetology 27 (4): 406-410 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Dieter 2007. Ungewöhnliches Futter für Mexikanische Hakennasennattern. Ophidia 1 (2): 22-24 - get paper here
  • Smith, Hobart M.; Taylor, Edward H. 1941. A review of the snakes of the genus Ficimia. J. Washington Acad. Sci. 31 (8): 356-368 - get paper here
  • Stuart, L. C. 1935. A contribution to a knowledge of the herpetology of a portion of the savanna region of Central Peten, Guatemala. University of Michigan Museum of Zoology Miscellaneous Publications 29: 1-56 - get paper here
  • Tepos-Ramírez M, Garduño-Fonseca FS, Peralta-Robles CA, García-Rubio OR, Cervantes Jiménez R 2023. Annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from Querétaro, Mexico, including new records, and comments on controversial species. Check List 19(2): 269-292 - get paper here
  • Terán-Juárez, Sergio A., Elí García Padilla, Vicente Mata-Silva, Jerry D. Johnson and Larry David Wilson. 2016. The herpetofauna of Tamaulipas, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 3 (1): 43–113 - get paper here
  • Torres-Hernández, LA, Ramírez-Bautista A, Cruz-Elizalde R, Hernández-Salinas U, Berriozabal-Islas C, DeSantis DL, Johnson JD, Rocha A, García-Padilla E, Mata-Silva V, Fucsko LA, and Wilson LD. 2021. The herpetofauna of Veracruz, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 15(2) [General Section]: 72–155 - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • Woolrich-Piña, G. A., E. García-Padilla, D. L. DeSantis, J. D. Johnson, V. Mata-Silva, and L. D. Wilson 2017. The herpetofauna of Puebla, Mexico: composition, distribution, and conservation status. Mesoamerican Herpetology 4(4): 791–884 - get paper here
 
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