Furcifer verrucosus CUVIER, 1829

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Higher Taxa	Chamaeleonidae, Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies	Furcifer verrucosus verrucosus (CUVIER 1829) Furcifer verrucosus semicristatus (BOETTGER 1894)
Common Names	G: Warzenchamäleon
Synonym	Furcifer verrucosus verrucosus (CUVIER 1829) Chamaeleo verrucosus CUVIER 1829 Chamaeleon monilifer GRAY 1831 (nomen nudum, synonymy uncertain) Chamaeleo verrucosus — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 210 Chamaeleon verrucosus — GRAY 1865: 344 Furcifer verrucosus — GLAW & VENCES 1994: 253 Furcifer verrucosus — NECAS 1999: 222 Furcifer verrucosus semicristatus (BOETTGER 1894) Chamaeleon semicristatus BOETTGER 1894 Chamaeleo verrucosus semicristatus — MERTENS 1966 Furcifer verrucosus semicristatus — KLAVER & BÖHME 1997 Furcifer verrucosus semicristatus — GLAW 2015
Distribution	Madagascar (except of the E and N ) Type locality: Ile Bourhon semicristatus: S Madagascar; Type locality: Südspitze von Madagascar.
Reproduction	oviparous
Types	Holotype: MNHN-RA 6635 Holotype: SMF 16371 [semicristatus]
Diagnosis
Comment	Distribution: Reports from Réunion are erroneous (Mickaël Sanchez, pers. comm., 20 Nov 2011) F. verrucosus exhibits hemipenial and karyotypical variability that might be an indication that more than one taxon is covered by the respective names (KLAVER & BöHME 1986: 31). Similar species: Furcifer oustaleti
Etymology	Named after L.: verruca, wart or wartlike outgrowth; -osus/a/um, adjectival suffix: warty or rough-skinned, denoting the tuberculous scalation (Charles Klaver, pers. comm., 11 Jan 2023).
References	Andersson, Lars Gabriel 1910. Reptiles and batrachians from the north-west of Madagascar collected by V. Kaudern, 1906-1907. Arkiv för Zoologi 7 (7): 1-15. - get paper here Boettger, O. 1894. Diagnosen eines Geckos und eines Chamaeleons aus Süd-Madagascar. Zool. Anz. 17: 137-140. - get paper here Cocca, W., G. M. Rosa, F. Andreone, G. Aprea, P. E. Bergò, F. Mattioli, V. Mercurio, J. E. Randrianirina, D. Rosado, M. Vences & A. Crottini 2018. The herpetofauna (Amphibia, Crocodylia, Squamata, Testudines) of the Isalo Massif, Southwest Madagascar: combining morphological, molecular and museum data. Salamandra 54 (3): 178-200 plus Supplementary Material - get paper here Cuvier, G. J. L. N. F. D. 1829. Le Regne Animal Distribué, d'apres son Organisation, pur servir de base à l'Histoire naturelle des Animaux et d'introduction à l'Anatomie Comparé. Nouvelle Edition [second edition]. Vol. 2. Les Reptiles. Déterville, Paris, i-xvi, 1-406 - get paper here D'Cruze, Neil; Annette Olsonn, David Henson, Sunil Kumar, and David Emmett. 2009. The Amphibians and Reptiles of the Lower Onilahy River Valley, a Temporary Protected Area in Southwest Madagascar. Herp. Cons. Biol. 4: 62-79 - get paper here Duméril, A.M. C. and G. Bibron. 1836. Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp. - get paper here Florio AM, Raxworthy CJ 2016. A Phylogeographic Assessment of the Malagasy Giant Chameleons (Furcifer verrucosus and Furcifer oustaleti). PLoS One 11 (6): e0154144, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0154144 - get paper here Gardner, Charlie 2013. Observation of reed bed use by Furcifer verrucosus (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae) in southwest Madagascar. Herpetology Notes 6: 21-22 Glaw ,F. & Vences, M. 1994. A Fieldguide to the Amphibians and Reptiles of Madagascar. Vences & Glaw Verlag, Köln (ISBN 3-929449-01-3) Glaw, F. 2015. Taxonomic checklist of chameleons (Squamata: Chamaeleonidae). [type catalogue] Vertebrate Zoology 65 (2): 167–246 - get paper here Gray,J.E. 1865. Revision of the genera and species of Chamaeleonidae, with the description of some new species. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (3) 15: 340-354 - get paper here Karsten, Kristopher B.; Laza N. Andriamandimbiarisoa, Stanley F. Fox, and Christopher J. Raxworthy 2009. Social Behavior of Two Species of Chameleons in Madagascar: Insights Into Sexual Selection. Herpetologica 65 (1): 54-69 - get paper here Karsten, Kristopher B.;Laza N Andriamandimbiarisoa, Stanley F. Fox, and Christopher J. Raxworthy 2008. A unique life history among tetrapods: An annual chameleon living mostly as an egg. PNAS 105 (26): 8980-8984 - get paper here Klaver, C. & BÖHME,W. 1986. Phylogeny and classification of the Chamaeleonidae (Sauria), with special reference to hemipenis morphology. Bonner zool. Monogr. 22: 1-64. - get paper here Klaver, Ch. J.J. & Böhme,W. 1997. Chamaeleonidae. Das Tierreich, 112: XIV, 1-85 Lutzmann, N. & Esser, S. 2009. Haltung und Nachzucht des Warzenchamäleons, Furcifer verrucosus verrucosus (CUVIER, 1829). Sauria 31 (3): 17-23 - get paper here Nečas, Petr 1999. Chameleons - Nature's Hidden Jewels. Edition Chimaira, Frankfurt; 348 pp.; ISBN 3-930612-04-6 (Europe)<br>ISBN 1-57524-137-4 (USA, Canada) RAXWORTHY, C.J.; ENRIQUE MARTINEZ-MEYER; NED HORNING; RONALD A. NUSSBAUM; GREGORY E. SCHNEIDER; MIGUEL A. ORTEGA-HUERTA & A. TOWNSEND PETERSON 2003. Predicting distributions of known and unknown reptile species in Madagascar. Nature 426: 837 - 841 - get paper here Schmidt, W.; Tamm, K. & Wallikewitz, E. 2010. Chamäleons - Drachen unserer Zeit. Natur und Tier Verlag, 328 pp. [review in Reptilia 101: 64, 2013] - get paper here SCHNEIDER, V.& N. LUTZMANN 2002. Das Warzenchamäleon Furcifer verrucosus, seine Haltung und Zucht. CHAMAELEO 12(2): 21-22. - get paper here Van Beest, Piet 2004. Herpetologische waarnemingen op Madagascar - deel 2: Fianarantsoa en verder naar het zuiden. Lacerta 62 (3): 92-103 - get paper here van Hoof, J. et al. 2006. Kameleons, een fascinerende hobby. Lacerta 64 (5-6): 1-96 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://vesmir.msu.cas.cz/Madagaskar/priroda/Reptilia.html http://www.batraciens-reptiles.com/cameleons.htm http://orsp1.adm.binghamton.edu/~steve/CCS/Chamaeleo/chamaeleo_species.html http://blackbook.org/~sullivan/indexes/sciIndexD-K.html http://verity.mcphu.edu/adcham/paged.asp?genus=furcifer http://www.chameleontradehouse.nl/en/fu-verrus-en.html Google images

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