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Gallotia auaritae MATEO, GARCIA-MARQUEZ, LÓPEZ-JURADO & BARAHONA, 2001

IUCN Red List - Gallotia auaritae - Critically Endangered, CR

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Higher TaxaLacertidae (Gallotiinae), Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymGallotia simonyi auaritae MATEO, GARCIA-MARQUEZ, LÓPEZ-JURADO & BARAHONA 2001
Gallotia (simonyi) auaritae — PLEGUEZUELOS et al. 2002
Gallotia auaritae — CRUZADO-CABALLERO et al. 2019 
DistributionCanary Islands (La Palma)

Type locality: “yacimiento del Roque de Mazo (Holoceno)”  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: ULPGC (also as DBULPGC) 50, dentary only, Departamento de Biología de la Universidad de Las Palmas. 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A giant species of Gallotia (with an absolute length of the frontal around or upper to 40 mm, similar to that of Gallotia goliath). It differs from all other giant taxa except G. goliath in the lack of lateral constriction of the frontals (lateral margin of frontals is almost straight). It differs from G. stehlini in the lack of multicusped teeth (the maximum number of cusps is three, like in the rest of giant forms except G. goliath that can reach 4–5 cusps in some teeth. It differs from G. stehlini (but not from the rest of giant taxa) in presenting two rows of pterygoid teeth forming a V-shape in adults. For a given size, G. auaritae has more dentary and maxillary teeth than G. simonyi and G. bravoana, and less than G. goliath (see Barahona et al. and Mateo et al.) (from Cruzado-Caballero et al. 2019). 
CommentConservation: Only known from subfossil bones. Probably extinct. However, recent report of an unconfirmed sighting indicate that it may not have been gone extinct (MÌnguez et al. 2007, Cruzado-Caballero et al. 2019). 
Etymology“El genitivo auaritae hace referencia al nombre que se daban a sí mismos los antiguos pobladores de la isla de La Palma.” 
References
  • Bischoff, Wolfgang 2008. Hat die La Palma-Rieseneidechse überlebt? Die Eidechse 19 (1): 19-21 - get paper here
  • Cruzado-Caballero, P., Castillo Ruiz, C., Bolet, A. et al. 2019. First nearly complete skull of Gallotia auaritae (lower-middle Pleistocene, Squamata, Gallotiinae) and a morphological phylogenetic analysis of the genus Gallotia. Sci Rep 9, 16629 (2019) doi:10.1038/s41598-019-52244-z - get paper here
  • DEEMING, D.C. 2022. Inter‐relationships among body mass, body dimensions, jaw musculature and bite force in reptiles. Journal of Zoology jzo.12981. - get paper here
  • Mateo, J.A.; Garcia-Marquez, M.; Lopez-Jurado, L.F. & Barahona, F. 2001. Descripción del lagarto gigante de La Palma (Islas Canarias) a partir de restos subfósiles. Revista Española de Herpetología 15: 53-59 - get paper here
  • MÌnguez, LuÌs Enrique; Oscar M. Afonso, Jim Pether, JosÈ Antonio Mateo 2007. Evidencias de la posible supervivencia del lagarto gigante de La Palma (Gallotia auaritae). Boletín de la Asociación Herpetológica Española 18: 11-13 - get paper here
  • Pleguezuelos J.M., Márquez R. & Lizana M. 2002. Atlas y Libro Rojo de los Anfibios y Reptiles de España. Dirección General de la Conservación de la naturaleza-Asociación Herpetológica Española (2ª impresión). Madrid. pp 587. - get paper here
 
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