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Garthia gaudichaudii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON, 1836)

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Higher TaxaPhyllodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
SubspeciesGarthia gaudichaudii gaudichaudii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836
Garthia gaudichaudii dorbignii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836)
Garthia gaudichaudii klugei DONOSO-BARROS 1970 
Common NamesE: Chilean Marked Gecko
E: Coquimbo Marked Gecko [penai] 
SynonymGymnodactylus gaudichaudii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 413
Saurodactylus gaudichaudii — FITZINGER 1843: 91 (fide BRYGOO 1991)
Homonota guidichaudi — GRAY 1845: 150 (in error)
Gonatodes gaudichaudii — BOULENGER 1885: 63
Gonatodes gaudichaudii — WERNER 1898: 247
Homonota gaudichaudii — KLUGE 1964: 31
Garthia gaudichaudii — DONOSO-BARROS & VANZOLINI 1965: 6
Homonota gaudichaudii penai DONOSO-BARROS & VANZOLINI 1965 (n. nud.)
Garthia peñai DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 125
Garthia penai — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 124
Homonota penai — KLUGE 1993
Homonota darwinii — KLUGE 1993
Garthia penai — ABDALA & MORO 1996: 61
Garthia penai — ABDALA 1998
Garthia gaudichaudii — ABDALA 1998
Garthia gaudichaudii — RÖSLER 2000: 79
Garthia penai — RÖSLER 2000: 79
Garthia gaudichaudii — NÚÑEZ & VELOSO 2001
Garthia penai — MORANDO et al. 2014
Garthia gaudichaudii — MORANDO et al. 2014

Garthia gaudichaudii dorbignii (DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836)
Gymnodactylus dorbignii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 418
Gymnodactylus dorbignyi — BOULENGER 1885: 33 (nom. subst.)
Homonota dorbignii — KLUGE 1964: 20
Gymnodactylus (Gymnodactylus) dorbignii — WERMUTH 1965: 51
Homonota dorbignii — WERMUTH 1965
Garthia gaudichaudii dorbingvi [sic] — DONOSO-BARROS & VANZOLINI 1965
Garthia dorbignyi — DONOSO-BARROS 1966: 122 (nom. subst.)
Garthia gaudichaudii dorbignii — DONOSO-BARROS 1970
Homonota gaudichaudii dorbignii — WELCH 1994
Homonota gaudichaudii dorbignii — KLUGE 1993
Garthia gaudichaudii dorbignii — RÖSLER 2000: 79
Homonota dorbignyi — LANGSTROTH 2005
Garthia dorbignii — RÖSLER 2017
Garthia gaudichaudii dorbignii — DE LISLE et al. 2018

Garthia gaudichaudii klugei DONOSO-BARROS 1970
Garthia gaudichaudii klugei DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 83
Homonota gaudichaudi klugei — KLUGE 1991: 17
Garthia gaudichaudii klugei — RÖSLER 2000: 79
Garthia gaudichaudii klugei — DE LISLE et al. 2018 
DistributionArgentina (Buenos Aires),
SC Bolivia, Chile (Chuquisaca, west coast)

klugei: Chile (Pichidangui region)

dorbignii: SC Bolivia (Chuquisaca), C/N Chile; Type locality: Provincia de la Laguna and Valparaiso, Chile (corrected and restricted by DUMÉRIL 1851: 44 to area along Río Grande, at Pampa Ruiz, between Valé Grande and Pescado, Dep. Chuquisaca, Bolivia)

penai (invalid): Chile (Coquimbo); Type locality: Los Molles, Combabarlá, Prov. de Coquimbo, Chile, elevation 1500 m.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: MNHN-RA 2327
Lectotype: MNHN-RA 6755; paralectotypes: MNHN-RA 2330, MNHN-RA 2330A-B [dorbignii]
Holotype: MNHNC (?), male [klugei]
Holotype: MNHNC 757 (fide De Lisle et al. 2013); also given as IZUA although not given in original description (IZUA = Inst. Zool. Univ. Chile) [penai] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (740 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentDistribution: Not in Argentina fide AVILA et al. 2010, Avila et al. 2013; not in Uruguay (Daniel Pincheira-Donoso, pers. comm., 19 Feb 2013).

Synonymy: Mella-Ávila 2023 suggest that there is only one species within the genus: G. gaudichaudii, which shows morphological variation, with three morphs, where the “penai” morph would be very rare. However, he also says that this needs to be confirmed with a molecular and morphometric analysis. Núñez and Jaksic (1992) stated that "there are no characters that allow for clear distinctions that justify the use of subspecies" [in gaudichaudii], recognizing G. gaudichaudii as the only valid taxon, a criterion accepted by Pincheira-Donoso (2007) and Mella (2017). Mella (2023) also found that only seven of the 142 photographic records match the "penai" morph, which is distributed punctually and randomly in six localities between the Coquimbo and Valparaíso regions.

Type species: Gymnodactylus gaudichaudii DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1836: 413 is the type species of the genus Garthia DONOSO-BARROS & VANZOLINI in DONOSO-BARROS 1965: 1.

Characteristics: Homonota lizards lack the femoral pores typical of other South American Phyllodactylidae, and their infradigital lamellas are not expanded.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species.

RDB speciesID: 14111 [penai]

Etymology: G. penai was named after Dr. Luis E. Pena (d. 1995), an entomologist and a lepidopterist who collected zoological specimens (1950s-1960s) in Chile for the American Museum of Natural History. 
EtymologyNamed after Charles Gaudichaud-Beaupré (1789 – 1854), a French botanist who traveled to South America and Australia.

G. g. dorbignii was named after Alcide Charles Victor Marie Dessalines d'Orbigny (1802 – 1857), a French naturalist.

G. g. klugei was named after Arnold G. Kluge, American herpetologist.

The genus Garthia was named after Garth Leon Underwood (1919-2002), British herpetologist (obituary in Copeia 2003: 222-225). 
References
  • Abdala,V. 1998. Análisis cladistico de las especies del género Homonota (Gekkonidae). Revista Española de Herpetologia 12: 55-62 - get paper here
  • Abdala,V. & Moro, S. 1996. Cranial musculature of South American Gekkonidae. Journal of Morphology 229: 59-70 - get paper here
  • Ávila, J. M., & Marambio-Alfaro, Y. 2023. Reptiles of the Atacama Region, northern Chile: localities, and representation in provinces, ecogeographic landscapes, vegetation formations and protected areas. Gayana, 87(2), 108-122 - get paper here
  • Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • CODOCEO M 1957. Gonatodes gaudichaudi (Dumeril & Bibron). Noticiario Mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (Chile) 1 (9): 1-8.
  • Demangel, Diego 2016. Reptiles en Chile. Fauna Nativa Ediciones, Santiago, 619 pp - get paper here
  • Demangel, Diego 2016. Guía de Campo - Reptiles del centro sure de Chile. Corporación Chilena de la Madera, Concepción, Chile 187 pp. - get paper here
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1965. nan Publ. Ocas. Mus. Hist. Nat., Santiago de Chile 7: 1
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1965. El genero Garthia DONOSO-BARROS & VANZOLINI y los geckos gimnodactilidos afines. Noticiario Mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago (Chile) 103: 5-8
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1966. Reptiles de Chile. Santiago: Univ. Chile, 458 + cxlvi pp.
  • Donoso-Barros,R. 1970. Cátalogo herpetólogica chileno. Bol. Mus. Nac. Hist. Nat. Santiago 31: 49-124
  • Duméril, A.M. C. and G. Bibron. 1836. Erpetologie Générale ou Histoire Naturelle Complete des Reptiles. Vol. 3. Libr. Encyclopédique Roret, Paris, 528 pp. - get paper here
  • Duméril, A.M.C. & A. H. A. Duméril 1851. Catalogue méthodique de la collection des reptiles du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle de Paris. Gide et Baudry/Roret, Paris, 224 pp.
  • Fitzinger, L. 1843. Systema Reptilium, fasciculus primus, Amblyglossae. Braumüller et Seidel, Wien: 106 pp. - get paper here
  • Gray, J. E. 1845. Catalogue of the specimens of lizards in the collection of the British Museum. Trustees of die British Museum/Edward Newman, London: xxvii + 289 pp. - get paper here
  • Kluge, Arnold 1964. A revision of the South American Gekkonid lizard genus Homonota Gray. American Museum Novitates (2193): 1-41 - get paper here
  • Mella-Ávila, Jorge 2023. ¿Una o dos especies de Garthia (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae)? Evidencias morfológicas y distribucionales, y mapa de distribución actualizado Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 10: 12-21 - get paper here
  • Morando, Mariana; Cintia D. Medina, Luciano J. Avila, Cristian H. F. Perez, Amy Buxton and Jack W. Sites Jr. 2014. Molecular phylogeny of the New World gecko genus Homonota (Squamata: Phyllodactylidae). Zoologica Scripta DOI: 10.1111/zsc.12052 - get paper here
  • Núñez, H. and A. Veloso 2001. Distribución geográfica de las especies de lagartos de la región de Antofagasta, Chile. Bol. Mus. Nac.Hist. Nat. 50: 109-120
  • Reyes-Olivares, C. and Labra, A. 2017. Emission of sounds by native lizards of Chile: the state of the art. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología. 4: 1-9 - get paper here
  • Reyes-Olivares, C., D. Charlin, M. Penna & A. Labra 2024. Acoustic, visual, and chemical social behaviours of the Chilean Marked Gecko (Garthia gaudichaudii). Salamandra 60 (3): 168-182 - get paper here
  • Reyes-Olivares, Claudio & Fabián Campos-Cifuentes 2019. First report of tail regeneration rate in the endemic Chilean gecko Garthia gaudichaudii (Duméril y Bibron 1836) (Squamata, Phyllodactylidae). Boletín Chileno de Herpetología. 6: 19-22 - get paper here
  • REYES-OLIVARES, CLAUDIO; SOPHIE DE BONA, FRANCISCA FARÍAS, ESTEBAN SAN JUAN, NICOL QUIROGA, CAREZZA BOTTO-MAHAN & JUANA P. CORREA. 2021. GARTHIA GAUDICHAUDII (Chilean Marked Gecko). INCUBATION PERIOD. Herpetological Review 52 (3): 569–570. - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Troncoso-Palacios, Jaime 2014. Nueva lista actualizada de los reptiles terrestres de la Región de Atacama, Chile. Boletín Chileno de Herpetología 1: 1-4 - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Werner, FRANZ 1898. Die Reptilien und Batrachier der Sammlung Plate. Zool. Jahrb. Abt. Syst. Oekol. Geogr. Tiere (suppl. 4): 244-278 - get paper here
 
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