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Gastropholis echinata (COPE, 1862)

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Higher TaxaLacertidae, Eremiadinae, Sauria, Lacertoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common Names 
SynonymLacerta (Zootoca) echinata COPE 1862: 189
Lacerta hirticauda VAILLANT 1885: 168
Lacerta langi SCHMIDT 1919: 492 (fide ARNOLD 1989)
Lacerta (Centromastix) echinata — BOULENGER 1920: 331
Lacerta echinata echinata — LOVERIDGE 1941: 116
Lacerta (Centromastix) echinata — WITTE & LAURENT 1942: 171
Centromastix echinatus — LAURENT 1958: 118
Lacerta echinata — WELCH 1982
Centromastyx echinata — JOGER 1983
Gastropholis echinata — ARNOLD 1989
Gastropholis echinata — RÖDEL 1996
Gastropholis echinata — BISCHOFF 2005 
DistributionLiberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, C Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, was USNM 5995
Holotype: AMNH 10525, Medje, Ituri Forest [langi]
Holotype: MNHN-RA 6454 [hirticauda] 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (5590 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentSynonymy mostly after Arnold 1989: 543.

Distribution: For a map with localities in Equatorial Guinea see SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS et al. 2022.

Reference images: see Uetz et al. 2024 for high-resolution reference images for this species. 
EtymologyPresumably named after Greek ἐχῖνος, echinos (hedgehog or urchin), for the spiny tail. 
References
  • Arnold, E. N. 1989. Systematics and adaptive radiation of Equatorial African lizards assigned to the genera Adolfus, Bedriagaia, Gastropholis, Holaspis, and Lacerta (Reptilia: Lacertidae). Journal of Natural History 23: 525-555 - get paper here
  • Arnold, E. N. 1989. Towards a phylogeny and biogeography of the Lacertidae: relationships within an Old-World family of lizards derived from morphology. Bulletin of the British Museum (NATURAL HISTORY) ZOOLOGY 55 (2): 209-257 - get paper here
  • Arnold, E.N. 1989. Systematics and adaptive radiation of Equatorial African lizards assigned to the genera Adolfus, Bedriagaia, Gastropholis, Holaspis and Lacerta (Reptilia: Lacertidae) Journal of Natural History 23: 525-555 - get paper here
  • Bischoff, W. 2005. Die echten Eidechsen der Familie Lacertidae - eine Übersicht. Draco 5 (21): 4-27 - get paper here
  • Böhme, Wolfgang; Eberhard Fischer & Harald Hinkel 2023. Reptilien aus dem Irangi Forest, Provinz Kivu-Süd, Demokratische Republik Kongo. Sauria 45 (4): 29
  • Boulenger,G.A. 1920. Monograph of the Lacertidae, vol. 1. British Museum (London) - get paper here
  • Chirio, L. & Lebreton, M. 2007. Atlas des reptiles du Cameroun. MNHN, IRD, Paris 688 pp.
  • Cope, E.D. 1862. On Lacerta echinata and Tiliqua dura. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia 14: 189-191 - get paper here
  • Joger U 1983. Book Review: Welch, Herpetology of Africa, Krieger 1982. Salamandra 19 (1-2): 102-104 - get paper here
  • Laurent, R.F. 1958. Notes herpétologiques africaines II. Rev. Zool. Bot. Afr., 58 (1–2): 115–128
  • Loveridge, Arthur 1941. Report on the Smithsonian-Firestone Expedition's collection of reptiles and amphibians from Liberia. Proc. US Natl. Mus. 91 (3128): 113-140 - get paper here
  • Pauwels, O. S. G., T. Biyogho Bi Essono II, P. Carlino, L. Chirio, B. Huijbregts, T. E. J. Leuteritz, D. Rousseaux, E. Tobi, C. Vigna and W. Van Neer 2017. Miscellanea Herpetologica Gabonica VII. Bull. Chicago Herp. Soc. 52: 1 - get paper here
  • Rödel,M. O. 1996. Bemerkungen zu einem Fund von Gastropholis echinata (COPE 1862) aus der Elfenbeinküste. Die Eidechse 7 (17): 19-23 - get paper here
  • SÁNCHEZ-VIALAS, A., CALVO-REVUELTA, M. & DE LA RIVA, I. 2022. Synopsis of the terrestrial Reptiles of Equatorial Guinea. Zootaxa 5202 (1): 1-197 - get paper here
  • Schmidt, Karl Patterson 1919. Contributions to the Herpetology of the Belgian Congo based on the Collection of the American Congo Expedition, 1909-1915. Part I: turtles, crocodiles, lizards, and chamaeleons. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. 39 (2): 385-624 - get paper here
  • Taylor, Edward H.;Weyer, Dora 1958. Report on a collection of amphibians and reptiles from Harbel, Republic of Liberia. Univ. Kansas Sci. Bull. 38 (14): 1191-1229 - get paper here
  • Trape, J.F.; Trape, S. & Chirio, L. 2012. Lézards, crocodiles et tortues d'Afrique occidentale et du Sahara. IRD Orstom, 503 pp. - get paper here
  • Uetz, P.H.; Patel, M.; Gbadamosi, Z.; Nguyen, A.; Shoope, S. 2024. A Reference Database of Reptile Images. Taxonomy 4: 723–732 - get paper here
  • Vaillant,L. 1885. Note sur une collection de Reptiles rapportée d'Assinie par M. Chaper. Bull. Soc. Philom. Paris (7) 8: 168-171 [1884] - get paper here
  • WITTE, G.-F. DE & R.F. LAURENT 1942. Liste des Lacertidae du Congo Belge et description d’une espèce nouvelle. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, Bruxelles, 36 (2): 165-180 - get paper here
 
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