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Geochelone platynota (BLYTH, 1863)

IUCN Red List - Geochelone platynota - Critically Endangered, CR
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Higher TaxaTestudinidae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Burmese Star Tortoise 
SynonymTestudo platynota BLYTH 1863: 83
Testudo platynota — THEOBALD 1868: 7
Testudo platynota — SMITH 1931: 140
Testudo platinota BOURRET 1941 (error typographicus)
Geochelone platynota — PRITCHARD 1967
Geochelone elegans platynota — OBST 1986
Geochelone platynota — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 248
Geochelone platynota — MCCORD & JOSEPH-OUNI 2004
Geochelone platynota — LE et al. 2006
Geochelone platynota — TTWG 2021 
DistributionMyanmar (= Burma) (from N Myanmar (= Burma) southward to Moulmein)

Type locality: "Lower Pegu," Myanmar (= Burma); by Smith (1931:140), as "Irrawaddy Valley".  
Reproductionoviparous. Temperature Dependent Sex Determination (TSD) 
TypesSyntypes: ZSI 787–89, but unlocated. Smith (1931:140), indicates types are in the BMNH and Indian Museum (? =ZSI), however, Boulenger (1889:162), lists BMNH specimens from Theobald, not Blyth. Iverson (1986:144), believes syntypes may be in the IMC. 
Diagnosis 
CommentThis is one of the most endangered turtle species according to a 2003 assessment by the IUCN. 
References
  • Blyth, EDWARD 1863. Report of the curator, zoological department. J. Asiatic Soc. Bengal, Calcutta, 32 (1): 73-90. - get paper here
  • Bonin, F., Devaux, B. & Dupré, A. 2006. Turtles of the World. English translation by P.C.H. Pritchard. Johns Hopkins University Press, 416 pp.
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1889. Catalogue of the chelonians, rhynchocephalians, and crocodiles in the British Museum (Natural History). British Museum, London, 311 pp.
  • Bourret, R. 1941. Les tortues de l'Indochine. Institut Océanographique l'Indochine 38:1-235
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Iverson, J.B. 1986. A Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World. Paust Printing, Richmond, Indiana. viii + 282 pp.
  • KUCHLING, Gerald; Eric GOODE, Peter PRASCHAG 2011. Endoscopic Imaging of Gonads, Sex Ratio and Temperature Dependent Sex Determination in Captive Bred Juvenile Burmese Star Tortoises Geochelone platynota. Asian Herpetological Research 2 (4): 240–244 - get paper here
  • Le, Minh; Christopher J. Raxworthy, William P. McCord and Lisa Mertz 2006. A molecular phylogeny of tortoises (Testudines: Testudinidae) based on mitochondrial and nuclear genes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 450 (2): 517-531 - get paper here
  • McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2004. Chelonian Illustrations #13: Asian and Indonesian Tortoises. Reptilia (GB) (33): 35-38 - get paper here
  • Obst, F.J. 1986. Turtles, tortoises and terrapins. St. Martins, New York. 231 pp.
  • Platt, S G; Lwin, T; Platt, K; Elsey, R M & Rainwater, T R; 2019. Geochelone platynota (Burmese Star Tortoise) Maximum body size and giantism. Herpetological Review 50 (1): 121-123 - get paper here
  • Platt, S.G., Platt, K., Khaing, L.L., Yu, T.T., Aung, S.H., New, S.S., Soe, M.M., Myo, K.M., Lwin, T., Ko, W.K., Aung, S.H.N. & Rainwater, T.R. 2017. Back from the brink: Ex-situ conservation and recovery of the critically endangered Burmese Star Tortoise (Geochelone platynota) in Myanmar. Herpetological Review 48 (3): 570-575. - get paper here
  • Platt, Steven G., Kalyar Platt, Me Me Soe, Win Ko Ko, Khin Myo Myo, Tint Lwin and Kyaw Mow. 2014. TSA/WCS Team strives to save Myanmar's critically endangered turtles. Turtle Survival 2014: 45-48 - get paper here
  • Platt, Steven G., Saw Tun Khaing, Win Ko Ko and Kalyar 2001. A tortoise survey of Shwe Settaw Wildlife Sanctuary, Myanmar, with notes on the ecology of Geochelone platynota and Indotestudo elongata. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4 (1): 172-177
  • Platt, Steven G.; Swann Htet Naing Aung, Me Me Soe, Tint Lwin, Kalyar Platt, Andrew D. Walde & Thomas R. Rainwater 2021. Predation on Translocated Burmese Star Tortoise (Geochelone platynota) by Asiatic Jackals (Canis aureus) and Wild Pigs (Sus scrofa) at a Wildlife Sanctuary in Myanmar. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Jun 2021 Vol. 20, No. 1: 133-138 - get paper here
  • PLATT, STEVEN G.; SWANN HTET NAING AUNG, ME ME SOE, TINT LWIN, KALYAR PLATT, ANDREW D. WALDE & THOMAS R. RAINWATER. 2022. Reproduction of translocated Geochelone platynota (Testudines: Testudinidae) at two wildlife sanctuaries in Myanmar. Salamandra 58(2): 161–165. - get paper here
  • Raphael, Bonnie L.; Suzanne K. Macey, Steven G. Platt, Tracie A. Seimon, Robert J. Ossiboff, Brian D. Horne, Ariana L. Gamarra, Michelle G. Barrera, Tint Lwin, Me Me Soe, Shwe Htay Aung, San San New, Lay Lay Khaing & Kalyar Platt 2019. Health Screening of Burmese Star Tortoises (Geochelone platynota) Prior to Introduction to the Wild. Chelonian Conservation and Biology Dec 2019 Vol. 18, No. 2: 153-162 - get paper here
  • Rauhaus, Anna; Christian Niggemann, Joana Nicolaudius & Thomas Ziegler 2021. Haltung und Nachzucht der vom Aussterben bedrohten Burmesischen Sternschildkröte Geochelone platynota im Kölner Zoo, Deutschland. Sauria 43 (2): 13-26
  • Smith, Malcolm A. 1931. The Fauna of British India Including Ceylon and Burma. Reptilia and Amphibia Volume I.—Loricata, Testudines. Taylor and Francis, London, 185 pp. - get paper here
  • Soe, M. M., S. S. Nwe, S. G. Platt and T. R. Rainwater 2016. Geochelone platynota (Burmese Star Tortoise) scavenging. Herpetological Review 47(3): 444-445. - get paper here
  • Theobald, William 1868. Catalogue of the reptiles of British Birma, embracing the provinces of Pegu, Martaban, and Tenasserim; with descriptions of new or little-known species. Zool. J. Linnean Soc. 10: 4-67. - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., Bour, R., Fritz, U., Georges, A., Shaffer, H.B., and van Dijk, P.P. 2021. Turtles of the World: Annotated Checklist and Atlas of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status (9th Ed.). In: Rhodin, A.G.J., Iverson, J.B., van Dijk, P.P., Stanford, C.B., Goode, E.V., Buhlmann, K.A., and Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.). Chelonian Research Monographs 8:1–472. doi:10.3854/crm.8.checklist.atlas.v9.2021. - get paper here
  • Williams, N. 2010. The last tortoise. Current biology 20 (12): R493-R495 - get paper here
  • Wirth, Michael 2012. Der Zoograben – die unsichtbare Gehegeeinfriedung. Draco 12 (49): 70-76
 
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