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Geoclemys hamiltonii (GRAY, 1831)

IUCN Red List - Geoclemys hamiltonii - Vulnerable, VU
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Higher TaxaGeoemydidae (Geoemydinae), Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Black Pond turtle; Spotted Pond turtle
G: Strahlen-Dreikielschildkröte 
SynonymEmys hamiltonii GRAY 1831
Emys picquotii LESSON 1831
Emys guttata GRAY 1832
Emys Hamiltonii — DUMÉRIL & BIBRON 1835: 315
Geoclemys hamiltonii — GRAY 1855
Melanochelys pictus MURRAY 1884: 107
Damonia hamiltonii — BOULENGER 1889
Geoclemys hamiltonii — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 154
Geoclemys hamiltonii — OBST 2003: 17
Geoclemys hamiltonii — TTWG 2014
Geoclemys hamiltonii — TTWG 2021 
DistributionS Pakistan (Indus and Ganges river drainages),
N India (Assam, Jammu and Kashmir), Nepal, Bangladesh

Type locality: "India".  
Reproductionoviparous. 
TypesHolotype: BMNH 1947.3.4.41. 
DiagnosisAdditional details, e.g. a detailed description or comparisons (2137 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentPicture in Elaphe 5 (3): 5 (1997) and Draco 13 (4): 90 (2003).

Type species: Emys hamiltonii GRAY 1831 is the type species of the genus Geoclemys GRAY 1855: 17.

Distribution: possibly in Bhutan (Lenz 2012 and references therein). Sharma (2000) reported Geoclemys hamiltonii from South Gujarat without any specimen vouchers (or photos) or specific locality details but others (Vyas, 2000a, 2007; Patel et al., 2018) did not report these species. As a consequence, Patel &* Vyas 2019 consider both records dubious.

Habitat: freshwater (Rivers, tributaries) 
EtymologyNamed after Dr. Francis Hamilton-Buchanan (1762-1829), an ichthyologist and physician. He worked for the Honourable Bast India Company's Bengal service as an Assistant Surgeon. He became Superintendent of the Calcutta Botanical Gardens (1814). His family name at birth was Buchanan, but he dropped it and took the name Hamilton, his mother's maiden name (1815) (Beolens et al. 2011). 
References
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  • BARHADIYA, G., AND C. GHOSH 2020. Geographic Distribution: Geoclemys hamiltonii (Spotted Pond Turtle). India: Delhi: South West District. Herpetological Review 51: 535.
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