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Geophis betaniensis RESTREPO & WRIGHT, 1987

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Higher TaxaColubridae (Dipsadinae), Colubroidea, Caenophidia, Alethinophidia, Serpentes, Squamata (snakes)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Betanien Earth Snake 
SynonymGeophis betaniensis RESTREPO & WRIGHT 1987
Geophis betaniensis — MYERS 2003
Geophis betaniensis — WILSON & TOWNSEND 2007: 5
Geophis betaniensis — WALLACH et al. 2014: 300 
DistributionColombia (incl. Valle del Cauca)

Type locality: Eastern slope of the Cordillera Occidental, at Corregimiento de Betania, 76°21’W, 4°23’N, 1680 m elevation, Municipio de Bolivar, Departamento del Valle, Colombia  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: UVC 7360 (Universidad del Valle) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A member of the Geophis sieboldi species group characterized by the following combination of features (see Fig. 1B): (1) six supralabials; (2) two supralabials posterior to orbit; (3) no anterior tempo- ral or postlabials; (4) last supralabial separated from contact with the parietal by a short posterior tempo- ral; (5) three jubal scales posterior to the posterior temporal and last supralabial with the upper jubal in contact with the parietal; (6) dorsal scales in 15–15–15 scale rows; (7) dorsal and caudal scales smooth; (8) anterior tip of maxilla with first tooth at tip, posterior end of maxilla not depressed, not curving ventrad; (9) 140–143 ventrals in female; 20–28 subcaudals in females; ventrals plus subcau- dals 168–173; (10) upper surfaces of body and tail reddish-brown with posterior margins of each scale black; black longitudinal ventrolateral stripes on tips of ventral from postoccipital region to tip of tail; venter yellow laterally, midventral area greenish- yellow; subcloacal plate red (Savage 2008: 587) 
CommentGeophis betaniensis is a distinctive species, separated from nigroalbus at a glance by dark ventrolateral stripes that sharply confine and set off the pale midventral area. Geophis betaniensis may be more closely related to G. nigroalbus than initially thought. 
EtymologyThe species name is an adjective formed from the type locality, Corregimiento de Betania, with the addition of the suffix -ensis. 
References
  • Castro-Herrera, F. & Vargas-Salinas, F. 2008. Anfibios y reptiles en el departamento del Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Biota Colombiana 9 (2): 251 - 277 - get paper here
  • Lips K R. Savage J M. 1994. A new fossorial snake of the genus Geophis (Reptilia: Serpentes: Colubridae) from the Cordillera de Talamanca of Costa Rica. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 107 (2): 410-416. - get paper here
  • Myers, C.W. 2003. Rare Snakes—Five New Species from Eastern Panama: Reviews of Northern Atractus and Southern Geophis (Colubridae: Dipsadinae). American Museum Novitates 3391: 1-47 - get paper here
  • Pérez-Santos,C. & Moreno, A.G. 1988. Ofidios de Colombia. Museo reegionale di Scienze Naturali, Torino, Monographie VI, 517 pp.
  • Restrepo T J H; Wright J W 1987. A new species of the colubrid snake genus Geophis from Colombia. Journal of Herpetology 21 (3): 191-196 - get paper here
  • Savage, Jay M.; Watling, James I. 2008. Not so rare snakes: a revision of the Geophis sieboldi group (Colubridae: Dipsadinae) in lower Central America and Colombia. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 153(3):561-599 - get paper here
  • Valencia-Zuleta A, Jaramillo-Martínez AF, Echeverry-Bocanegra A, Viáfara-Vega R, Hernández-Córdoba O, Cardona-Botero VE, Gutiérrez-Zúñiga J, Castro-Herrera F. 2014. Conservation status of the herpetofauna, protected areas, and current problems in Valle del Cauca, Colombia. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 8 (2): 1–18 (e87) - get paper here
  • Wallach, Van; Kenneth L. Williams , Jeff Boundy 2014. Snakes of the World: A Catalogue of Living and Extinct Species. [type catalogue] Taylor and Francis, CRC Press, 1237 pp.
  • WILSON, L.D. & J.H. TOWNSEND 2007. A checklist and key to the snakes of the genus Geophis (Squamata: Colubridae: Dipsadinae), with commentary on distribution and conservation. Zootaxa 1395: 1-31 - get paper here
 
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