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Glaucomastix venetacauda (ARIAS, DE CARVALHO, RODRIGUES & ZAHER, 2011)

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Higher TaxaTeiidae, Teiinae, Gymnophthalmoidea, Sauria, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesPortuguese: Calango-da-Cauda-Azulada 
SynonymCnemidophorus venetacaudus ARIAS, DE CARVALHO, RODRIGUES & ZAHER 2011
Ameivula venetacaudus — HARVEY et al. 2012
Ameivula venetacaudus — BASTO DA SILVA & ÁVILA-PIRES 2013
Ameivula venetacauda — ARIAS et al. 2014
Glaucomastix venetacauda — GOICOECHEA et al. 2016 
DistributionNW Brazil (Piauí: Caatinga)

Type locality: Ôlho D’Água da Santa (9° 1310" S, 43° 2927" W), Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, Caracol municipality, state of Piauí, Brazil, elevation 460 m  
Reproductionoviparous (manual imputation, fide Zimin et al. 2022) 
TypesHolotype: MZUSP 100119 (field number MRT 4714), adult male, collected on 5 october 2000 by Hussam Zaher, Miguel Trefaut Rodrigues, and Felipe Curcio. Paratypes. MZUSP 100115-100118 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A species of the ocellifer group with granules in the supraorbital semicircles, and no anal spurs in males. Cnemidophorus venetacaudus differs from all the other members of the ocellifer group by the absence of stripes in the dorsum and a high number of femoral pores. In addition, it differs from C. ocellifer, C. nativo, C. mumbuca, and C. jalapensis by having 34–45 (x= 38) femoral pores (24–26, x= 24 in C. nativo; a maximum of 20 in all other species); 10 longitudinal rows of ventral scales (6–8), 30–32 (x= 31.2) transverse rows of ventrals (29– 32, x= 30.8 in C. nativo, a maximum of 29 in all other species), 31–34 (x= 31.7) scales around tail (a maximum of 30 in all other species), 114–129 (x= 119.5) scales around midbody (91–122, x= 104 in C. jalapensis, a maximum of 117 in all other species), 6 superciliaries (5), 1–2 row of spurs in the heel in males (absent), interparietal nar- rower than other parietals (wider), humeral region with one row of distinctive enlarged scales (2–4 not so enlarged), and no enlarged scales in temporal region posterior to third subocular (present). Cnemidophorus veneta- caudus differs from C. abaetensis by having 34–45 (x= 38) femoral pores (27–31, x= 24), 190–218 (x= 204.8) dor- sal scales (210–240, x= 221.8), interparietal narrower than other parietals (wider), second supraocular totally separated from frontal by supraocular granules (second supraocular contacts frontal), four supraoculars (usually 3), dorsal stripe absent (present), stripe in the tail absent (present). Cnemidophorus venetacaudus differs from C. litto- ralis by having 34–45 (x= 38) femoral pores (28–36, x= 32.6 in C. littoralis), 190–218 (x= 204.8) dorsal scales (168–191, x= 174.9), interparietal narrower than other parietals (wider), frontonasal never divided (35.6 % of indi- viduals with a divided frontonasal, according to Rocha et al., 2000), second supraocular separated from frontal by supraocular granules (second supraocular contacts frontal), dorsal stripe absent (present), and stripe in the tail absent (present) [from ARIAS et al. 2011; BASTOS DA SILVA & AVILA-PIRES 2013 also present a diagnosis]. 
CommentGroup: this species belongs to the ocellifer group, 
EtymologyThe specific epithet, veneta, is a Latin adjective meaning ‘‘bluish,’’ and the Latin superlative suffix caudus, meaning ‘‘tail.’’ The name ‘‘bluish tail’’ is an allusion to the characteristic blue coloration of the tail of this species. 
References
  • ARIAS, FEDERICO; CELSO MORATO DE CARVALHO, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES & HUSSAM ZAHER 2011. Two new species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) of the C. ocellifer group, from Bahia, Brazil. Zootaxa 3022: 1–21
  • ARIAS, FEDERICO; CELSO MORATO DE CARVALHO, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES & HUSSAM ZAHER 2011. Two new species of Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) from the Caatinga, Northwest Brazil. Zootaxa 2787: 37–54 - get paper here
  • BASTO DA SILVA, MARCÉLIA & TERESA C.S. ÁVILA-PIRES 2013. The genus Cnemidophorus (Squamata: Teiidae) in State of Piauí, northeastern Brazil, with description of a new species. Zootaxa 3681: 455–477 - get paper here
  • Cavalcanti, L.B.Q.; T.B. Costa; G.R. Colli; G.C. Costa; F.G.R. França; D.O. Mesquita; C.K.S. Palmeira; N. Pelegrin; A.H.B. Soares; D.B. Tucker; A.A. Garda 2014. Herpetofauna of protected areas in the Caatinga II: Serra da Capivara National Park, Piauí, Brazil. Check List 10 (1): 18-27 - get paper here
  • Goicoechea, N., Frost, D. R., De la Riva, I., Pellegrino, K. C. M., Sites, J., Rodrigues, M. T. and Padial, J. M. 2016. Molecular systematics of teioid lizards (Teioidea/Gymnophthalmoidea: Squamata) based on the analysis of 48 loci under tree-alignment and similarity-alignment. Cladistics, doi: 10.1111/cla.12150 - get paper here
  • Gonzalez R. C. et al. 2020. Lista dos Nomes Populares dos Répteis no Brasil – Primeira Versão. Herpetologia Brasileira 9 (2): 121 – 214 - get paper here
  • HARVEY, MICHAEL B.; GABRIEL N. UGUETO & RONALD L. GUTBERLET, Jr. 2012. Review of Teiid Morphology with a Revised Taxonomy and Phylogeny of the Teiidae (Lepidosauria: Squamata). Zootaxa 3459: 1–156 - get paper here
  • Madella-Auricchio, Cláudia Renata; Paulo Auricchio Enio Saraiva Soares 2017. Reptile species composition in the Middle Gurguéia and comparison with inventories in the eastern Parnaíba River Basin, State of Piauí, Brazil. Papéis Avulsos de Zoologia 57(28): 375-386, - get paper here
  • ROSÁRIO, IGOR RIOS DO; RODRIGO MARQUES LIMA DOS SANTOS, FEDERICO ARIAS, CARLOS FREDERICO DUARTE ROCHA, EDUARDO JOSÉ DOS REIS DIAS, CELSO MORATO DE CARVALHO, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES 2019. Phylogeography of the endangered sand dune whiptail lizard Glaucomastix abaetensis (Dias, Rocha & Vrcibradic, 2002) with the description of a new species. Zootaxa 4624 (4): 451–477 - get paper here
  • Uchôa LR, Delfim FR, Mesquita DO, Colli GR, Garda AA, Guedes TB 2022. Lizards (Reptilia: Squamata) from the Caatinga, northeastern Brazil: Detailed and updated overview. Vertebrate Zoology 72: 599-659 - get paper here
  • Vechio, Francisco Dal; Mauro Teixeira Jr., Renato Sousa Recoder, Miguel Trefault Rodrigues & Hussam Zaher 2016. The herpetofauna of Parque Nacional da Serra das Confusões, state of Piauí, Brazil, with a regional species list from an ecotonal area of Cerrado and Caatinga. Biota Neotropica 16(3): e20150105 - get paper here
  • Zimin, A., Zimin, S. V., Shine, R., Avila, L., Bauer, A., Böhm, M., Brown, R., Barki, G., de Oliveira Caetano, G. H., Castro Herrera, F., Chapple, D. G., Chirio, L., Colli, G. R., Doan, T. M., Glaw, F., Grismer, L. L., Itescu, Y., Kraus, F., LeBreton 2022. A global analysis of viviparity in squamates highlights its prevalence in cold climates. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 00, 1–16 - get paper here
 
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