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Gonatodes concinnatus (O’SHAUGHNESSY, 1881)

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Higher TaxaSphaerodactylidae, Gekkota, Sauria, Squamata (lizards: geckos)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: O'Shaughnessy's Gecko 
SynonymGoniodactylus concinnatus O’SHAUGHNESSY 1881: 237
Goniodactylus buckleyi O’SHAUGHNESSY 1881
Gonatodes concinnatus — BOULENGER 1885: 61
Gonatodes concinnatus — WERNER 1913: 2
Gonatodes concinnatus — PETERS & DONOSO-BARROS 1970: 132
Gonatodes concinnatus — DUELLMAN 1978: 195
Gonatodes concinnatus — RÖSLER 2000: 84
Gonatodes concinnatus — STURARO & AVILA-PIRES 2011
Gonatodes concinnatus — MENESES-PELAYO & RAMÍREZ 2020 
DistributionEcuador (Canelos), Colombia, N Venezuela, NW Brazil (?), N Peru

Type locality: Canelos, Ecuador  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesSyntypes: BMNH 1946.9.7.10-12 (3) 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: A relatively large Gonatodes, with maximum SLV of 52.6 mm. Scales around midbody 109–131. Ventral scales in a longitudinal row 49–61. Proximal subdigital lamellae as wide as digits, in total 17–22 under fourth finger, 21–27 under fourth toe. Three or four lateral rows of scales on distal portion of fingers and toes. Tail with midventral scales distinctly wider than long, forming a repetitive sequence of two single midventrals (one after the other), each in contact with one laterodistal scale per side, followed by a divided (only on proximal portion of tail, when present) or single midventral in contact with two laterodistal scales per side (respectively 1’1’2” and 1’1’1”). 
CommentTaxonomy: populations previously assigned to Gonatodes concinnatus have been described as Gonatodes riveroi.

Distribution: because some populations of Gonatodes concinnatus have recently been described as other species the distribution of this species may be much smaller.

Description: G. concinnatus shows dramatic sexual dimorphism (see Fig. 6 in STURARO & AVILA-PIRES 2011).

Behavior: mainly diurnal

Synonymy: Rivero-Blanco (1968), based on specimens from the type locality but without examining the type material of G. ligiae, considered it a synonym of G. concinnatus. Gonatodes concinnatus ligiae DONOSO-BARROS 1967 has been elevated to full species status by STURARO & AVILA-PIRES 2011.

Diet: a large percentage of the diet of this species (10-30%) consists of ants (Lucas et al. 2023). 
References
  • Barrio-Amorós, C.L. 2010. GONATODES - Los Geckos diurnos de Venezuela. RioVerde 2010; 43-50
  • Boulenger, G.A. 1885. Catalogue of the lizards in the British Museum (Nat. Hist.) I. Geckonidae, Eublepharidae, Uroplatidae, Pygopodidae, Agamidae. London: 450 pp. - get paper here
  • Dixon, J. R.; Soini, P. 1975. The reptiles of the upper Amazon basin, Iquitos region, Peru, Part I. Lizards and Amphisbaenians. Milwaukee Public Museum Contributions in Biology and Geology 4: 1-58 [1986?] - get paper here
  • Donoso-Barros, R. 1967. Diagnosis de dos nuevas especies del género Gonatodes de Venezuela. Noticiario Mensual del Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, Santiago (Chile) 11 (129): 4
  • Duellman, W. E. 1978. The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Misc. Publ. Univ. Kans. Mus. Nat. Hist. 65: 1-352 - get paper here
  • Gamble, Tony; Andrew M. Simons, Guarino R. Colli and Laurie J. Vitt 2008. Tertiary climate change and the diversification of the Amazonian gecko genus Gonatodes (Sphaerodactylidae, Squamata). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 46 (1): 269-277 - get paper here
  • Hluschi, D. 2009. Gonatodes - die unbekannten Juwelen der Neotropis. Reptilia (Münster) 14 (78): 16-23 - get paper here
  • Lucas B Q Cavalcanti, Gabriel C Costa, Guarino R Colli, Eric R Pianka, Laurie J Vitt, Daniel O Mesquita, 2023. Myrmecophagy in lizards: evolutionary and ecological implications. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 2023;, zlad175, - get paper here
  • MENESES-PELAYO, ELSON; JUAN P. RAMÍREZ 2020. A new species of the genus Gonatodes (Squamata: Sauria: Sphaerodactylidae) from the western flank of the Cordillera Oriental in Colombia, with description of its hemipenial morphology. Zootaxa 4729 (2): 207–227 - get paper here
  • Metcalf, M. F., Guedouar, E., Davis, L., Rodriguez, A., Marsh, A., Pacaya, E. T., ... & Gunnels IV, C. W. 2023. Herpetofauna of Madre Selva Biological Station in Loreto, Peru. Herpetology Notes, 16, 727-740
  • Metcalf, Matthew; Alexander Marsh, Emerson Torres, Devon Graham, Charles Gunnels 2020. Herpetofauna of the Santa Cruz Forest Preserve in the Peruvian Amazon Basin. Herpetology Notes 13: 753-767 - get paper here
  • Muñoz-Saba, Yaneth; Nathaly Calvo-Roa, Paul Andrés Gómez-Sandoval, Diego Casallas-Pabón John Douglas Lynch, Lucas S. Barrientos, Diego A. Gómez-Sánchez. 2019. Guía de campo de los mamíferos, anfibios y reptiles de Santa María (Boyacá, Colombia). Serie Guías de Campo del Instituto de Ciencias Naturales. N° 23. Bogotá D.C. Universidad Nacional de Colombia. Bogotá. 317 p - get paper here
  • O'shaughnessy,A.W.E. 1881. An account of the collection of lizards made by Mr. Buckley in Ecuador, and now in the British Museum, with descritions of the new species. Proc. Zool. Soc. London 1881: 227-245 - get paper here
  • Pedroza-Banda, Raúl; Jhon Jairo Ospina-Sarria, Teddy Angarita-Sierra, Marvin Anganoy-Criollo, John D. Lynch 2014. Estado de la fauna de anfibios y reptiles del Casanare Ciencias naturales Estado del conocimiento de la fauna de anfibios y reptiles del departamento de Casanare, Colombia. Rev. Acad. Colomb. Cienc. 38 (146): 17-34 - get paper here
  • Rivas, G.A. & Schargel, W.E. 2008. Gecko on the rocks: an enigmatic new species of Gonatodes (Sphaerodactylidae) from Inselbergs of the Venezuelan Guayana. Zootaxa 1925: 39–50 - get paper here
  • Rivero-Blanco, C. 1968. Un género y dos especies de Tuqueques (Sauria: Sphaerodactylinae) citados por primera vez para Venezuela, con notas sobre la distribución de otras especies poco conocidas. Mem. Soc. Cien. Nat. LaSalle (Caracas) 27 [1967]: 103-119.
  • RIVERO-BLANCO, C. & C. L. BARRIO AMORÓS. 2002. Geographic Distribution. Sauria: Gonatodes concinnatus ligiae. Herpetological Review 33(1):67 - get paper here
  • Rösler, H. 2000. Kommentierte Liste der rezent, subrezent und fossil bekannten Geckotaxa (Reptilia: Gekkonomorpha). Gekkota 2: 28-153
  • Rösler, Herbert 2017. Gecko-Chorologie (Squamata: Gekkota). Gekkota (4): 1-160
  • STURARO, MARCELO JOSÉ & TERESA C.S. AVILA-PIRES 2011. Taxonomic revision of the geckos of the Gonatodes concinnatus complex (Squamata: Sphaerodactylidae), with description of two new species. Zootaxa 2869: 1–36 - get paper here
  • Torres-Carvajal O, Pazmiño-Otamendi G, Salazar-Valenzuela D. 2019. Reptiles of Ecuador: a resource-rich portal, with a dynamic checklist and photographic guides. Amphibian & Reptile Conservation 13 (1): [General Section]: 209–229 (e178) - get paper here
  • Werner, F. 1913. Neue oder seltene Reptilien und Frösche des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Reptilien der Ostafrika-Expedition der Hamburger Geographischen Gesellschaft 1911/12. Leiter: Dr. E. Obst. Reptilien und Amphibien von Formosa. Jb. Hamb. wiss. Anst., 30 [1912], 2. Beiheft: 1-39, 40-45, 45-51 - get paper here
  • Whithworth, A. & Beirne, C. 2011. Reptiles of the Yachana Reserve. Global Vision International, 130 pp. - get paper here
 
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