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Graptemys nigrinoda CAGLE, 1954

IUCN Red List - Graptemys nigrinoda - Least Concern, LC
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Higher TaxaEmydidae, Deirochelyinae, Testudinoidea, Testudines (turtles)
SubspeciesGraptemys nigrinoda nigrinoda CAGLE 1954
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola FOLKERTS & MOUNT 1969 
Common Namesnigrinoda: Black-knobbed Map Turtle
delticola: Southern Black-knobbed Map Turtle, Delta Map Turtle 
SynonymGraptemys nigrinoda CAGLE 1954
Graptemys nigrinoda CAGLE 1954: 173
Graptemys oculifera nigrinoda — MERTENS & WERMUTH 1955
Graptemys oculifera nigrinoda — MERTENS & WERMUTH 1961
Graptemys nigrinoda — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 224
Graptemys nigrinoda nigrinoda — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 62
Graptemys nigrinoda nigrinoda — CROTHER 2000
Graptemys nigrinoda — RHODIN et al. 2010
Graptemys oculifera nigrinoda — PRASCHAG et al. 2017
Graptemys nigrinoda nigrinoda — PRASCHAG 2023

Graptemys nigrinoda delticola FOLKERTS & MOUNT 1969
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola — ERNST & BARBOUR 1989: 225
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola — CONANT & COLLINS 1991: 62
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola — CROTHER 2000
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola — RHODIN et al. 2010
Graptemys nigrinoda delticola — PRASCHAG 2023 
DistributionUSA (Alabama, Mississippi [Alabama, Tombigbee, Black Warrior river systems])

Type locality: Black Warrior River, above Lock 9, 17.5 miles SSW of Tuscaloosa,Tuscaloosa County, Alabama.

delticola: USA (Alabama)

nigrinoda: USA (Alabama, Mississippi)  
Reproductionoviparous. Exhibits temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) fide Cornejo-Páramo et al. 2020 (and references therein). 
TypesHolotype: LSUM 111649 (was: TU)
Holotype: UF (formerly Florida State Museum of Natural History) 26238 [delticola] 
DiagnosisDiagnosis: Graptemys nigrinoda differs from G. flavimaculata and G. oculifera in that: the yellow post-orbital mark is boomerang-shaped and is joined to the mark of the opposite side by a diagonal line; the interorbital line is narrow or indistinct; each costal has a circular or semicircular mark formed by a narrow yellow line; the vertebral spines are flattened, compressed, knob-like; the carapace is very serrate. 
CommentSynonymy: Praschag et al. 2017 suggest to reinstate G. flavimaculata, G. nigrinoda and G. oculifera as subspecies of G. oculifera, because these taxa correspond to only one sequence cluster each. However, these authors do not explicitly downgrade these species.

Subspecies: The two subspecies intergrade throughout the range of the species. Ennen et al. (20140 concluded that there is not sufficient evidence for the recognition of G. n. delticola as a distinct subspecies.

Diet: carnivore.

Habitat: freshwater (lakes, rivers) 
EtymologyThe species name mans black-knobbed, referring to the raised vertebral scutes. 
References
  • Bour, R. 2008. Global diversity of turtles (Chelonii; Reptilia) in freshwater. Hydrobiologia 595:593–598 - get paper here
  • Cagle, Fred R. 1954. Two new species of the genus Graptemys. Tulane Studies in Zoology 1 (11): 165-186 - get paper here
  • Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
  • Cornejo-Páramo, P., Lira-Noriega, A., Ramírez-Suástegui, C. et al. 2020. Sex determination systems in reptiles are related to ambient temperature but not to the level of climatic fluctuation. BMC Evol Biol 20: 103 - get paper here
  • Crother, B. I. (ed.) 2012. Standard Common and Current Scientific Names for North American Amphibians, Turtles, Reptiles, and Crocodilians, Seventh Edition. Herpetological Circular 39: 1-92
  • Ennen, Joshua R.; Jeffrey E. Lovich, Brian R. Kreiser, W. Selman, Carl P. Qualls 2010. Genetic and Morphological Variation Between Populations of the Pascagoula Map Turtle (Graptemys gibbonsi) in the Pearl and Pascagoula Rivers with Description of a New Species. Chelonian Conservation and Biology. 9 (1): 98–113 - get paper here
  • Ennen, Joshua R.; Marley E. Kalis, Adam L. Patterson, Brian R. Kreiser, Jeffrey E. Lovich, James Godwin and Carl P. Qualls 2014. Clinal variation or validation of a subspecies? A case study of the Graptemys nigrinoda complex (Testudines: Emydidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society<br />111 (4): 810–822; DOI: 10.1111/bij.12234 - get paper here
  • Ernst, Carl H.; Lovich, Jeffrey E. 2009. Turtles of the United States and Canada, 2nd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 827 pp. - get paper here
  • Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London
  • Folkerts, G. W., Mount, R. H. 1970. Reply to H. L. Freeman's comments on : A new subspecies of the turtle Graptemys nigrinoda Cagle. Herpetological Review 2:3-4. - get paper here
  • Folkerts, G. W.; Mount, R. H. 1969. A new subspecies of the turtle Graptemys nigrinoda Cagle. Copeia 1969 (4): 677-682 - get paper here
  • Freeman, H. L. 1970. A comment on: A new species of the turtle Graptemy nigrinoda Cagle. Herpetological Review 2:3 - get paper here
  • Gilbert, Carter R. 1974. Catalogue of type specimens in the Department of Natural Sciences, Florida State Museum. Bulletin of the Florida State Museum Biological Sciences 18 (2): 102-120 - get paper here
  • Hertwig, S. 2001. Ökologie, Haltung, und Fortpflanzung im Terrarium von Graptemys caglei, G. flavimaculata, G. nigrinoda nigrinoda und G. oculifera. Salamandra 37 (1): 21-48 - get paper here
  • Kirkpatrick, David 1993. Map turtles of the United States. Reptile & Amphibian magazine (November/December): 7-17
  • Lahanas P N 1986. Graptemys nigrinoda Cagle. Black-knobbed sawback. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles ( 396: 1-2 - get paper here
  • Lechowicz, Christopher. 2008. Tour d'horizon de l'histoire naturelle, la taxonomie, la préservation et les problémes actuels des tortues géographiques du genre Graptemys (Agassiz, 1857). Chéloniens 11:30-45
  • Lindeman, Peter V. 2016. Diets of Syntopic Black-knobbed Sawbacks (Graptemys nigrinoda) and Alabama Map Turtles (Graptemys pulchra) in the Alabama River. The American Midland Naturalist 175 (2): 194-205 - get paper here
  • Lindeman, Peter V. L 2020. Comparative Reproductive Allometry of Syntopic Black-Knobbed Sawbacks (Graptemys nigrinoda) and Alabama Map Turtles (Graptemys pulchra) in the Alabama River, with Comparison to Three Congeners Chelonian Conservation and Biology 19 (2): 246-255 - get paper here
  • McCoy, C. J.; Oscar A. Flores-Villela, Richard C. Vogt, Michael Pappas & J. Kelly McCoy 2020. Ecology of Riverine Turtle Communities in the Southern United States: Food Resource Use and Trophic Niche Dimensions Chelonian Conservation and Biology 19 (2): 197-208 - get paper here
  • Praschag P, Ihlow F, Flecks M, Vamberger M, Fritz U. 2017. Diversity of North American map and sawback turtles (Testudines: Emydidae: Graptemys). Zoologica Scripta 46: 675– 682 - get paper here
  • Praschag, Reiner 2023. Sechs Jahrzehnte Erfahrungen mit der Haltung und Nachzucht von Höcker- und Sägerückenschildkröten der Gattung Graptemys Reiner Praschag. Elaphe 2023 (5): 38-52
  • Praschag, Reiner 2023. Sägerücken- und Höckerschildkröten der Gattung Graptemys – eine artenreiche Gattung der Sumpfschildkröten. Elaphe 2023 (5): 12-23
  • Sánchez-Villagra, Marcelo R.; Ziermann, Janine M.; Olsson, Lennart 2008. Limb chondrogenesis in Graptemys nigrinoda (Emydidae), with comments on the primary axis and the digital arch in turtles. Amphibia-Reptilia 29 (1): 85-92 - get paper here
  • Seidel, Michael E. & Carl H. Ernst 2017. A Systematic Review of the Turtle Family Emydidae. Vertebrate Zoology 67 (1): 1–122 - get paper here
  • SELMAN, WILL; JOSEPH MCGEE, MARKS MCWHORTER & RYAN DUMAS. 2021. Thirty-three New County Records and Range Extensions for Herpetofauna of Mississippi, USA. Herpetological Review 52 (1): 102–106.
  • Shoop, C.R. 1967. Graptemys nigrinoda in Mississippi Herpetologica 23 (1): 56. - get paper here
  • Stephens, P.R. & Wiens, J.J. 2003. Ecological diversification and phylogeny of emydid turtles. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 79: 577-610 - get paper here
  • TTWG; Rhodin, A.G.J.; van Dijk, P.P.; Iverson, J.B. & Shaffer, H.B. [turtle taxonomy working group] 2010. Turtles of the World, 2010 Update: Annotated Checklist of Taxonomy, Synonymy, Distribution, and Conservation Status. Chelonian Research Monographs (ISSN 1088-7105) No. 5, doi:10.3854/crm.5.000.checklist.v3.2010 - get paper here
 
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