Gymnophthalmus pleii BOCOURT, 1881

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Higher Taxa	Gymnophthalmidae (Gymnophthalminae), Gymnophthalmini, Sauria, Gymnophthalmoidea, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies	Gymnophthalmus pleii pleii BOCOURT 1881 Gymnophthalmus pleii luetkeni BOCOURT 1881 Gymnophthalmus pleii nesydrion THOMAS 1965
Common Names	E: Rough-scaled Tegulet
Synonym	Gymnophthalmus Pleii BOCOURT 1881: 473 Gymnophthalmus pleii — PARKER 1933: 154 Gymnophthalmus pleii — STUART 1939: 6 Gymnophthalmus pleii — PRESCH 1978 Gymnophthalmus pleei — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1991: 410 Gymnophthalmus pleii — LORVELEC et al. 2007 Gymnophthalmus pleei — EZAZ et al. 2009 Gymnophthalmus pleii – TURK et al. 2010 Gymnophthalmus pleii — HEDGES et al. 2019 Gymnophthalmus pleii — THORPE 2022 Gymnophthalmus pleii luetkeni BOCOURT 1881 Gymnophthalmus pleei luetkeni BOCOURT 1881 Gymnophthalmus Lütkenii BOCOURT 1881: 474 Gymnophthalmus pleei luetkeni — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 130 Gymnophthalmus pleii nesydrion THOMAS 1965 Gymnophthalmus pleei nesydrion THOMAS 1965 Gymnophthalmus pleei nesydrion THOMAS 1965: 144 Gymnophthalmus pleei nesydrioni — SCHWARTZ & HENDERSON 1988: 130
Distribution	Lesser Antilles: Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, Maria I pleei: Martinique. Type locality: Martinique. luetkeni: St. Lucia. Type locality: St. Lucia. nesydrion: Maria Islands; Type locality: southernmost of 2 Maria Islands, Vieux Fort Quarter, St. Lucia. INCERTAE SEDIS: The Guadeloupe and Dominica populations have not been assigned to subspecies.
Reproduction	oviparous; bisexual species.
Types	Syntypes: MNHN-RA 1409, MNHN-RA 1994.1148 (formerly MNHN-RA 1409A), MNHN-RA 3094 Holotype: MNHN-RA 5614 [luetkeni] Holotype: MCZ 77151 [nesydrion]
Diagnosis	Diagnosis: Scales of the trunk forming seventeen longitudinal series; those of the back and those of the top of the tail keeled. Internasal large. Two contiguous fronto-nasals. Frontal diamond-shaped. No fronto-parietals neither femoral pores (Bocourt 1891, translation by Daniel Vásquez-Restrepo, pers. comm. 18 April 2021). Unfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 1273 characters) are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details.
Comment	Distribution: for a map see Maciel et al. 2021: 292 (Fig. 1).
Etymology	Named after Auguste Plee (1787-1825), a collector for Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Paris, in Colombia and the Antilles. G. p. luetkeni was named after Christian Frederik Lütken (1827-1901), a Danish zoologist and naturalist. G. p. nesydrion was named after Greek nesydrian, diminutive of nesos = island, for the type locality, Maria Islands.
References	Beolens, Bo; Michael Watkins, and Michael Grayson 2011. The Eponym Dictionary of Reptiles. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore, USA - get paper here Bocourt, M. E. 1874. Etudes sur les Reptiles. Mission Scientifique au Mexique et dans l'Amérique Centrale. Recherches Zoologiques.Vol. 3 (sect. 1). Imprimerie Impériale, Paris. - get paper here Breuil, Michel 1999. Atlas des Amphibiens et Reptiles de Martinique. Parc Naturel Régional de la Martinique Cole C J. DESSAUER H C. TOWNSEND C R. ARNOLD M G. 1990. Unisexual lizards of the genus Gymnophthalmus (Reptilia Teiidae) in the neotropics: genetics origin and systematics. American Museum Novitates (2994): 1-29. - get paper here Ezaz, T. et al. 2009. Sex Chromosome Evolution in Lizards: Independent Origins and Rapid Transitions. Cytogenet Genome Res 127: 249-260 - get paper here Kizirian, D. A. & Cole, C.J. 1999. Origin of the Unisexual Lizard Gymnophthalmus underwoodi (Gymnophthalmidae) Inferred from Mitochondrial DNA Nucleotide Sequences. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 11 (3): 394–400 - get paper here Malhotra, A. & Thorpe, R.S. 1999. Reptiles & Amphibians of the Eastern Caribbean. MacMillan, London & Oxford Parker, H. W. 1933. Some amphibians and reptiles from the Lesser Antilles. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist. (10) 11:151-158. - get paper here Presch, W. 1978. Descriptions of the Hemipenial Morphology in Eight Species of Microteiid Lizards (Family Teiidae, Subfamily Gymnophthalminae) Herpetologica 34 (1): 108-112. - get paper here RECODER, RENATO SOUSA; FRANCISCO DAL VECHIO, SERGIO MARQUES-SOUZA, MAURO JR. TEIXEIRA, MAIUME SILVA-DA-SILVA, ALFREDO P. SANTOS-JR., SÍRIA RIBEIRO, CESAR BARRIO-AMORÓS, MIGUEL TREFAUT RODRIGUES 2018. Geographic variation and taxonomy of red-tailed Gymnophthalmus (Squamata: Gymnophthalmidae) from Amazonian Savannas. Zootaxa 4497 (1): 061–081 - get paper here Schwartz, A. & Henderson, R.W. 1991. Amphibians and Reptiles of the West Indies. University of Florida Press, Gainesville, 720 pp. Stuart, L. C. 1939. A description of a new Gymnophthalmus from Guatemala, with notes on other members of the genus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan (409): 1-10 - get paper here Thomas, R. 1965. The smaller teiid lizards (Gymnophthalmus and Bachia) of the southeastem Caribbean. Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington78:141-54. - get paper here Thorpe, R.S. 2022. Reptiles of the Lesser Antilles. Chimaira, Frankfurt, 608 pp. - get paper here Turk, P. A., N. N. Wyszynski, R. Powell & R. W. Henderson 2010. Population densities and water-loss rates of Gymnophthalmus pleii, Gymnophthalmus underwoodi (Gymnophthalmidae), and Sphaerodactylus fantasticus fuga (Sphaerodactylidae) on Dominica, West Indies. Salamandra 46 (3): 125-130 - get paper here
External links	IUCN Red List National Center for Biotechnology Information http://www.kingsnake.com/westindian/diapsida1.html Google images

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