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Harpesaurus ensicauda WERNER, 1913

IUCN Red List - Harpesaurus ensicauda - Data Deficient, DD
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Higher TaxaAgamidae (Draconinae), Sauria, Iguania, Squamata (lizards)
Subspecies 
Common NamesE: Nias Nose-horned Lizard 
SynonymHarpesaurus ensicauda WERNER 1913: 8
Harpesaurus ensicauda — DE ROOIJ 1915: 98
Harpesaurus ensicauda — WERMUTH 1967: 63
Harpesaurus ensicauda — BARTS & WILMS 2003
Harpesaurus ensicauda — MANTHEY 2010
Harpesaurus ensicauda — SEPTIADI et al. 2025 
DistributionIndonesia (Nias, Mentawi Archipelago)

Type locality: Pulo, Nias.  
Reproductionoviparous 
TypesHolotype: lost, was ZMH (missing fide HALLERMANN 1998). 
DiagnosisUnfortunately we had to temporarily remove additional information as this was scraped by multiple AI companies who sell that data to their customers. These details, e.g. detailed descriptions or comparisons (about 901 characters), are available for collaborators and contributors. Please contact us for details. 
CommentAbundance: only known from the type locality (Meiri et al. 2017). 
EtymologyNamed after Latin ensis = sword and Latin cauda = tail. 
References
  • Barts, M. & Wilms, T. 2003. Die Agamen der Welt. Draco 4 (14): 4-23 - get paper here
  • de Rooij, N. de 1915. The Reptiles of the Indo-Australian Archipelago. I. Lacertilia, Chelonia, Emydosauria. Leiden (E. J. Brill), xiv + 384 pp. - get paper here
  • Hallermann, J. 1998. Annotated catalogue of the type specimens of the herpetological collection in the Zoological Museum of the University of Hamburg. Mitt. hamb. zool. Mus. Inst 95: 197-223.
  • Manthey & SCHUSTER 1992. Agamen. Münster: 120S. (ISBN 3-9801853-4-6)
  • Manthey U 2010. Agamid Lizards of Southern Asia. Draconinae 2 -Leiolepidinae. Edition Chimaira, Terralog 7b, Frankfurt, 168 pp.
  • Meiri, Shai; Aaron M. Bauer, Allen Allison, Fernando Castro-Herrera, Laurent Chirio, Guarino Colli, Indraneil Das, Tiffany M. Doan, Frank Glaw, Lee L. Grismer, Marinus Hoogmoed, Fred Kraus, Matthew LeBreton, Danny Meirte, Zoltán T. Nagy, Cristiano d 2017. Extinct, obscure or imaginary: the lizard species with the smallest ranges. Diversity and Distributions 24 (2): 262-273 - get paper here
  • Putra, C.A. et al. 2020. Rediscovery of Modigliani’s nose-horned lizard, Harpesaurus modiglianii Vinciguerra, 1933 (Reptilia: Agamidae) after 129 years without any observation. TAPROBANICA 9 (1): 3-11 - get paper here
  • Septiadi, L., Basyir, I. H., Pratama, F. W., Priyono, R., Bayu, Z. A., Surahmat, F., & Surya, R. A. 2025. Range extension and first morphological data of the elusive Brooks’ Nose-horned Lizard, Harpesaurus brooksi (Parker, 1924), from the Tropical Rainforest Heritage of Sumatra. Herpetology Notes, 18, 71-91
  • Werner, F. 1913. Neue oder seltene Reptilien und Frösche des Naturhistorischen Museums in Hamburg. Reptilien der Ostafrika-Expedition der Hamburger Geographischen Gesellschaft 1911/12. Leiter: Dr. E. Obst. Reptilien und Amphibien von Formosa. [these are 3 separate reports in one long article] Jb. Hamb. wiss. Anst., 30 [1912], 2. Beiheft: 1-39, 40-45, 45-51 - get paper here
 
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